儿童大骨节病踝关节功能障碍与X线改变的关系

本研究证实,踝关节功能障碍所致下蹲不全,在病区4～14岁儿童中检出率为9.4％,并随年龄增大而检出率增高;42.6％的下蹲不全复查时可恢复正常;仅21.5％的下蹲不全者踝关节有X线异常改变,其中12.3％者可因距骨塌陷引起踝关节功能障碍外,余均难以X线结果来解释下蹲不全的原因;58.4％的下蹲不全者既无踝关节也无手部X线改变。提示大部分踝关节所致下蹲不全是关节相关较软织受损害结果,它可在无任何X线改变情况下导致关节严重功能障碍。故作者建议,将该类损害命名为“关节相关软组织损害型”较为恰当。     

WGS-84坐标与北京坐标系之间的坐标转换计算

文章提出了WGS-84坐标系与北京坐标系之间的坐标转换简化公式，并以算例进行了校核。它简单实用，可以供制图作业人员和航海人员实际应用计算。     

罐车人孔盖、垫结构改造方案的研究

结合我国铁路罐车城运用中油品货物外溢，继而引起火灾紧危及铁路运输安全的具体状况，提出了罐车人孔盖，垫结构的改造方案。通过优化设计和强度计算，研制了罐车一体式浸脂螺栓新结构，并介绍了其结构特点，润滑脂的选择及产品的推广情况。     

轨道交通法律保障体系的完善

轨道交通是城市最重要的基础设施之一，快速轨道交通为城市提供可靠、快速、舒适的高密度运输服务，提高城市公共交通的服务水平。经济的快速发展为轨道交通的发展提供了强有力的支持，轨道交通的建设与发展也离不开法律保障体系的完善。     

人工神经网络控制器在水下无人运载器导航中的应用

本文以水下无人运载器（AUV）绕平面圆周航行的速度、位置控制为例，推广到任何轨迹的控制问题。利用神经网络学习AUV运行的内在规律，预测未来一步的运行情况，并用改良的PID方式前馈与后馈相结合控制其执行机构。系统学习、预测及PID各增益量利用GESA（GuidedEvolutionarySimulatedAnnealing）全局优化方法求得。本方法具有自适应性、强非线性及前馈控制等特点，优于其它一般的控制器。     

虚拟环境内部的数据变换和融合研究

虚拟环境（ＶＥ）是一个融合了多维信息数据以产生沉浸感,投入感的仿真环境,为交互ＶＥ中的虚拟对象,需经过一系旬的几何变换,研究了ＶＥ中各种坐标系的几何变换过程,重点探讨了手空间,立体视觉与虚拟空间的数据融合,保证了人机交互的协调性,而且,就上述理论环境,给出了具体的实例,验证了ＶＥ内部的数据融合了关系。     

Si-Al-F系可加工微晶玻璃陶瓷制备工艺的研究(Ⅱ)──热处理制度对显微组织和结构的影响

在光学显微镜下考察了不同热处理制度下可加工微晶玻璃陶瓷的组织和结构。结果表明：形核温度和时间的选择显著影响着最终的形核率和晶体的尺寸;选择适宜的晶核生长温度和时间可得到所需晶体尺寸和晶体所占体积百分数。     

SSRIs抗抑郁药治疗首发重性抑郁症患者前后双侧额叶和海马1H-MRS的分析

目的利用质子磁共振波谱分析(1H-MRS)探讨首发重性抑郁症患者脑部神经生化物质的变化。方法利用1H-MRS测量21例首发重性抑郁症患者双侧额叶、海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、谷氨酸复合物(Glx)、胆碱复合物(Cho)、肌酸(Cr)和肌醇(mI)水平,计算NAA/Cr、Glx/Cr、Cho/Cr、mI/Cr,并与21例正常对照者(对照组)进行比较。选择性5羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs)抗抑郁治疗3个月后再次比较病例组治疗前后NAA/Cr、Glx/Cr、Cho/Cr、mI/Cr的变化。结果治疗前病例组左侧额叶NAA/Cr、右侧额叶Glx/Cr、NAA/Cr及左侧海马Glx/Cr、NAA/Cr较对照组降低;右侧额叶和海马mI/Cr较对照组升高;SSRI抗抑郁药治疗后病例组左侧额叶及海马NAA/Cr较治疗前升高,右侧额叶mI/Cr较治疗前降低。结论重性抑郁症的病理机制可能与神经功能障碍、谷氨酸系统及第二信使系统异常有关,抗抑郁剂的疗效可能与改善神经功能及调整第二信使系统功能失调有关。     

Research on temperature field and thermal stress of liquefied natural gas carrier with incomplete insulation

The insulation of membrane type liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier is composed of plywood boxes filled with perlite. Within the service period, considering of the effects of load conditions, such as sloshing, wave load, it is possible to have some damage of the plywood box, leakage of perlite, and failure of the insulation box. LNG carrier without whole protection of effective insulation is dangerous. Hull structure is extremely fragile when exposed to ultra-low temperature. In order to solve these problems, firstly a study on insulation boxes’ character and work condition is carried out and some presuppositions of partial disabled insulation are put forward. Secondly the thermal system of LNG carrier is analyzed to find out an effective way to simulate the thermal action of close air between outer and inner hull. Then a calculation about temperature field and thermal stress is done by MSC/PATRAN&NASTRAN. At the end it is concluded that LNG carrier with incomplete insulation is dangerous and needs to be avoided.     

A novel tracking control approach for unmanned underwater vehicles based on bio-inspired neurodynamics

A novel hybrid control approach is presented for trajectory tracking control of unmanned underwater vehicles in this paper. The kinematic and dynamic controllers are integrated by the proposed control strategy. The paper has two objectives. Firstly, an improved backstep method is proposed to generate the virtual velocity using a bio-inspired neurodynamics model in the kinematic controller. The bio-inspired neurodynamics model is intended to smooth the virtual velocity output to avoid speed jumps of the unmanned underwater vehicle caused by tracking errors and to meet the thruster control constraints. Secondly, a new sliding-mode method is added to the dynamic controller, which is robust against parameter inaccuracy and disturbances. The combined kinematic–dynamic control law is applied to the trajectory tracking problem of two different types of unmanned underwater vehicle. Finally, simulation results illustrate the performance of the proposed controller.