VISSIM在世博高强度客流设施服务水平分析中的应用

高强度客流设施的服务水平评价是2010年上海世博会需要解决的核心问题之一.目前在这方面缺乏相应的理论和技术支撑.提出通过动态模拟出入口广场人群流动的方法来评估入口设施的服务水平.利用VISSIM仿真技术具有的直观、准确、灵活、可重复试验的特点,进行集散设施抽象建模、进出闸机的关键参数校核和集散广场访客行为的模拟.以上南路入口广场客流集散为研究背景,对该入口未来高峰时段的客流进行了模拟,取得了较好的仿真效果.VISSIM仿真模型可满足客流集散仿真的需求.     

数字化船型设计方法

从数字化设计观点阐述了船型设计方法,包括船体线框模型和船体曲面模型设计方法.其中,船体曲面模型设计方法又可以分为船体直接曲面模型和船体线框曲面模型设计方法.分析了各种方法的优缺点.     

掏挖法地下连续墙施工工艺的研究

在扩建和改建的地下工程中,经常遇见施工区域内存在大量纵横交错的地下管线,对这些管线的拆除,不仅严重影响工程进度和公用设施的正常运行,而且严重影响了施工工期,更带来巨大的经济浪费。该文阐述一种在不进行管线切改的前提下进行地下连续墙施工的特殊方法,旨在促进地下连续墙的施工工艺得到进一步完善和提高。     

新建路隧道东线通风模拟分析

该文介绍了上海市新建路隧道东线通风系统和设计标准,运用SES软件模拟分析隧道通风效果,可供类似工程参考。     

Transient characteristics of emissions during engine start/stop operation employing a conventional gasoline engine for HEV application

In this paper, we investigate the transient characteristics of combustion and emissions during engine start/stop operations in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications. Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions during the initial 2^nd∼9^th cycles are found to be significantly greater when the engine is quickly started under the original engine calibration mode. Lower intake manifold absolute pressure (MAP) was also found to cause larger residual gas dilution and poor combustion, resulting in a higher HC concentration when the cranking speed was increased. The post-catalyst HC concentration was found in the way of initially decrease and then to increase again as the cranking speed was increased. A lowest concentration value was achieved at a cranking speed of 1000 r/min. Engine shut-down by fuel cut-off was shown to produce lower emissions than shut-down by ignition cut-off as one can avoid misfire of the last fuel injection cycle. The fuel deposited during the stop process seems to impact engine restart enrichment mostly during the initial 0.7 s for this engine, whose performance is dominated by the MAP transition characteristic and the time coefficient for fuel vaporization in this time period     

Improvement of the second order approximation of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics

The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), as a fully Lagrangian particle method, has been successfully applied to astrophysical problems and extended to elastic dynamics and computational fluid dynamics.High order derivatives have to be approximated when elastic dynamics problems are modeled. However, the approximation errors in SPH could lead to computational failure in the case that the order of derivative is high.A novel method was proposed in order to improve the accuracy of SPH method, which shows the relationship between the selected functions and their SPH approximations. The entire involved system was represented by a finite number of particles that carry individual mass and occupy individual space, and the integral interpolation was approximated by a summation interpolation. In addition, error comparison was made between SPH method with and without the present improvement.     

浅析隧道车道功能划分

分析了影响车道功能划分的主要因素。以南京长江隧道为例介绍了确定隧道车道功能的计算方法,并给出了南京长江隧道车道划分模型。     

混凝土施工裂缝的控制

在道路施工中混凝土经常会出现遇度裂缝,影响到结构的整体性和耐久性。在路面的使用过程中,温度变化对结构的应力状态具有显著影响。在大体积混凝土施工中,对温度应力及温度控制具有重要意义。从分析混凝土裂缝的产生原因入手,对温度应力的形成过程进行论述,从而提出控制混凝土裂缝的措施。     

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首先选用较多的交通参数,设计提出了基于聚类方法的细粒度交通模式划分算法,将交通模式划分为较多的类别。结合实际数据,进行了实验,在四个路段参数的基础上,划分得到了十类交通模式。这其中都用到了模糊集合划分和定性推理。使用状态核确定一系列模式,随后系统状态被划分成若干个模式。提出了模式转移方程来描述在定性推理基础之上的状态转移,并从模式转移的角度进一步研究了系统的稳定性。一个城市交通系统的应用实例显示了本文提出方法的有效性,可以看出细粒度交通模式划分要比粗粒度有更多的优势,同时得出了聚类算法在细粒度交通模式划分中的劣势。     

Sliding window method for vehicles moving on a long track

The rail is modelled as a simply supported beam in the vehicle–track coupled dynamics. The beam is formulated by a partial differential equation that is transformed into an ordinary differential equation by the method of mode superposition for numerical calculation. However, the size of the matrix that is formed by the mode-superposition method increases significantly with track length, which limits the calculation efficiency. Some methods have been developed to solve this calculation issue, but they diminish the merits of the vehicle–track coupled dynamics, which would systematically investigate the dynamics of a vehicle and a track from the entire vehicle–track system. A new method is developed to resolve this contradiction. First, a theory based on a sliding window is established to improve the computational stability with respect to the length and the window-movement ratio. Then, two methods, namely finite element method analysis and an analytical solution, are used to verify the accuracy of the new method, which is highly efficient when used in a vertical half-vehicle–track coupled model to calculate the vehicle response when the vehicle moves on a long track. The results of the vehicle response calculated with and without the sliding window show good consistency.