Measurements of car-body lateral vibration induced by high-speed trains negotiating complex terrain sections under strong wind conditions

Assessment of the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions is very important for research into the operation safety and comfort of passengers on high-speed trains. To assess the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions, we performed a field measurement when the train passes through typical sections of complex terrain along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high-speed railway in China. We selected the lateral vibration conditions, including the roll angle and lateral displacement of car-body gravity centre through two typical representative sections (embankment–tunnel–embankment and embankment–rectangular transition–cutting) for analysis. The results show that the severe car-swaying phenomenon occurs when the high-speed train moves through the test section, and the car-body lateral vibration characteristic is related significantly to the state of the terrain and topography along the railway. The main causes for this car-swaying phenomenon may be the transitions between different windproof structures, and the greater the scale of the transition region between different windproof structures or landform changes, the more obvious the car-swaying phenomenon becomes. The lateral vibration of the car-body is relatively steady when the train is running through terrain with minor changes in topography, such as the windbreak installed on the bridge and embankment, but the tail car sways more violently than the head car. When the vehicle runs from the windbreak installed on the embankment into the tunnel (or in the opposite direction), the tail car sways more intensely than the head car, and the head car runs relatively stable in the tunnel.     

基于微型智能传感器的汽车轮胎压力监控系统

介绍了基于微型智能传感器的直接式轮胎压力监控系统的构成和原理,并讨论了微型传感器数据的读取、微机械加工等关键技术。     

通信系统电源设备可靠性设计分析

从通信系统电源设备失效率(或故障率)变化规律遵循浴盆曲线入手,从早期失效期、偶然失效期、损耗失效期三阶段分析了通信系统电源设备故障缘由,提出了通信电源系统可靠性优化设计对策,对于通信系统电源设备的研制、生产、维护和保障有重要意义。     

套管法拔桩施工对邻近箱涵的影响分析

在地铁施工中难免遇到侵入开挖限界的桩基础,一般的处理方法多是对其进行拔除,但在施工过程中必须将对周围管线和建筑的影响降低到最低限度.结合上海软土地层中的一个拔桩工程实例,通过实测数据分析后认为,采用套管法拔桩对邻近箱涵的沉降影响在允许范围之内.其经验可供类似工程借鉴.     

小带宽下LTE-M系统承载CBTC业务能力分析

业内对1.4 MHz和3 MHz等小频谱带宽承载CBTC(基于通信的列车控制)业务能力的研究报道不多。为了研究城市轨道交通车地综合通信系统(LTE-M)在小带宽下的业务承载能力,设计了基于LTE(长期演进)技术的LTE-M系统,并在青岛地铁2号线进行实地测试。测试结果表明:在满足丢包率、时延等要求的条件下,车地无线通信系统在1.4 MHz和3 MHz带宽下可分别承载3路和6路CBTC业务。     

商用车复合式前空悬钢板弹簧设计优化

为了解决复合式前空悬钢板弹簧可靠性验证过程中出现的断裂问题,文章从四个方面对原方案进行优化：第一,提高材料极限应力,采用代号为 LQSP1300 的材料,屈服强度由原来的 1 100 MPa 提升到 1 300 MPa。第二,局部结构优化,第二片后段加长 20 mm,改善钢板弹簧第一片板簧作用时应力集中。第三,优化钢板弹簧弧高,在标定高度下,钢板弹簧反向承载,使其在上跳过程中工作应力呈先减小后增加的趋势,提高疲劳寿命。第四,钢板弹簧喷丸工艺优化,上下表面均进行喷丸处理,形成残余应力层,使钢板弹簧在上下跳动变形的过程中均可以抵消一部分应力,提高疲劳寿命。通过四个方面的优化,新方案台架疲劳试验次数提升 45.4%,同时通过了 12 000 km 道路可靠性试验。     

基于自感知纤维增强复合材料锚杆的隧道围岩松动圈识别

隧道围岩变形和松动圈厚度是隧道结构设计的重要考虑因素和安全运营的重要参考依据,现有的松动圈识别方法和隧道围岩变形测量手段多停留在检测层面,缺乏长期实时监测方法. 为此,研发内嵌光纤的自感知纤维增强复合材料（FRP）锚杆,提出基于内嵌光纤自感知FRP锚杆的隧道围岩智能监测系统,可以实现对围岩变形立体化、全天候的实时监测;结合监测数据与理论分析,提出隧道围岩松动圈的识别方法,并将该智能监测方法应用于广汕高铁陈塘隧道. 研究结果表明：自感知FRP锚杆能够精准探知现场施工对围岩变形的影响规律,型钢钢架对隧道围岩的支护作用较为突出;监测数据可以实时反映自感知锚杆的受力规律,从而准确识别隧道不同位置围岩的松动圈厚度;基于自感知FRP锚杆的隧道围岩智能监测系统将在隧道运营过程中持续、实时监测隧道围岩的变形,为隧道全生命周期的结构安全提供高技术保障.

     

钢轨闪光焊质量问题的探讨

文章对钢轨闪光焊工艺与质量的关系进行分析,着重介绍钢轨焊接缺陷灰斑的种类和生成机理,并提出预防措施。     

软土地基上系杆拱桥设计研究

在软土地基上修建拱桥,首先需要考虑如何有效克服拱圈传递的水平推力.对营口玉韵桥结构受力和结构体系选取进行分析,探索软土地基上修建拱桥的设计方法和思路,为类似桥梁工程设计施工提供参考.