砂堤的荷载与稳定性分析

结合福州闽江橘园洲砂堤工程 ,详细分析了砂堤受到的各项荷载 ,研究了反向渗流力对砂堤稳定安全系数的影响 ,结果说明 ,反向渗流力对稳定所起的作用有时是相当可观的。本文通过大量计算 ,探讨了在几种情况下反向渗流力对稳定安全系数的影响 ,结果显示强度指标组合、坡比对反向渗流力所起作用的程度影响不明显 ,而上、下游水位差成为显著的影响因素。当水位差与堤身高度的比例到 70 %时 ,考虑反向渗流力将使安全系数提高 2 5 %以上     

露石水泥混凝土路面关键技术研究

研究了露石水泥混凝土路面铺筑过程中必然要遇到的材料选择、冲洗时间、成熟度、双层铺筑混凝土强度等关键技术问题,分析了冲洗时间、成熟度的主要影响因素,发现温度越高,冲洗时间越早,最早冲洗时间与最迟冲洗时间有较大的间隔,常温下可达十多个小时,温度升高,间隔减小,成熟度随温度的升高而增大,相隔一定时间分两层振捣的水泥混凝土试件强度与一次振捣的水泥混凝土试件强度基本相同。结果表明:成熟度指标、试验法是评价、检测露石工艺性质的有效手段,两层铺筑方法是降低此种路面成本的有效途径。     

双离合器式自动变速器换挡特性研究

介绍了双离合式自动变速器工作原理，建立了换挡过程的数学模型，并对升、降挡的换挡特性进行了仿真与试验分析，为DCT的开发设计提供了参考依据。     

防抱制动系统不同控制方法的模拟研究

从控制器实际设计及实施的角度研究了四种比较实用的ＡＢＳ控制算法，即传统的逻辑门限控制、ＰＩＤ控制、模糊控制及滑模变结构控制。分析研究了作动系统及轮胎特性的非线性对控制系统鲁棒性及控制精度的影响，计算模拟了几种典型的ＡＢＳ工况，并对模拟结果作了分析与评价。     

非自由液化场地地基动力性能大型振动台模型试验研究

基于1∶10模型大型振动台试验,研究非自由液化场地的地基动力性能。液化场地条件下,与自由场地基相比,非自由场地地基的自振频率明显加大、动力耗能作用提高较小。土层液化前且在小震输入下,地基动力变形的线性特征较突出,主要表现为对地震波的动力放大作用,加速度反应自下而上逐渐增大;土层完全液化后,地基加速度反应自下而上也逐渐增大,这是由于液化地基的层间剪切运动加快且加快的速率自下而上逐渐增大所致。地基孔压变化主要受两方面因素影响:一是随埋深减小,孔压减小,但孔压比增大;二是离桩距离越近,孔压和孔压比越大。土层液化前,输入波主要峰值过后,自下而上孔压消散逐渐减慢。较大震输入下,自下而上孔压有减小的趋势,但最大孔压比均很快达到液化孔压比;输入波主要峰值过后,孔压消散很缓慢,尤其是孔压消散随埋深减小越来越慢。试验中还出现瞬时负孔压的有趣现象,这也许是由于可液化土层发生瞬时膨胀作用所致。     

Study on dynamic characteristics of vehicle gearbox under multi-boundary conditions

With the development of vehicle gearbox to high-power-density and high-speed, how to predict and optimize the dynamic characteristics of vehicle gearbox becomes increasingly prominent. Aiming at the vehicle gearbox, this paper comprehensively and deeply studies the dynamic characteristics under the multi-boundary conditions. The generation mechanism of the multi-source excitations triggering the gearbox vibration is analyzed firstly. The vibration transfer path of the gearbox is explored. Secondly, the engine excitation, the gear meshing excitation and the bearing support load are numerically calculated. According to the finite element method, a fluid-solid coupling finite element model of the gearbox body is established to predict the gearbox dynamic responses based on the Galerkin method and the Hamiltonian variational principle. Finally, the effects of the excitation condition, oil height and reinforcement forms on the vibration responses of the gearbox body are thoroughly studied by simulation. The analysis indicates that it not only helps to modify and improve the method of forecasting the gearbox dynamic response, and also provides the theoretical and technical guidance for the gearbox design and optimization.     

Target priority determination methods by interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets with unknown attribute weights

The paper aims at the problem of multi-targets threat degree being hard to be evaluated accurately in complex air defense battlefield environments. Combined with multi-sensors information fusion and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFS) theories, the target priority determination is studied. The score and accuracy functions of IVIFS are improved with thinking about the hesitating information in order to increase the rationality. Then, the influence factors of target priority and the nonlinear relationship between the influence factors and target priority are analyzed. Next, the algorithms for calculating the factor weights and sensor weights are given. Based on the theory of IVIFS and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), two methods of target priority determination based on the IVIFS and TOPSIS are proposed. At last, an application example verifies the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed algorithms.     

Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure,safety perception,and built-environment on active transportation mode choice: a random parameter model using New York City commuter data

This study estimates a random parameter (mixed) logit model for active transportation (walk and bicycle) choices for work trips in the New York City (using 2010–2011 Regional Household Travel Survey Data). We explored the effects of traffic safety, walk–bike network facilities, and land use attributes on walk and bicycle mode choice decision in the New York City for home-to-work commute. Applying the flexible econometric structure of random parameter models, we capture the heterogeneity in the decision making process and simulate scenarios considering improvement in walk–bike infrastructure such as sidewalk width and length of bike lane. Our results indicate that increasing sidewalk width, total length of bike lane, and proportion of protected bike lane will increase the likelihood of more people taking active transportation mode This suggests that the local authorities and planning agencies to invest more on building and maintaining the infrastructure for pedestrians. Further, improvement in traffic safety by reducing traffic crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists, will increase the likelihood of taking active transportation modes. Our results also show positive correlation between number of non-motorized trips by the other family members and the likelihood to choose active transportation mode. The model would be an essential tool to estimate the impact of improving traffic safety and walk–bike infrastructure which will assist in investment decision making.     

Tool for Predicting the Ultimate Bending Moment of Ship and Ship-Shaped Hull Girders

The present paper presents a historical review associated with the research works on hull girder strength of ship and ship-shaped structures. Then, a new program is developed to determine the ultimate vertical bending moment of hull girder by applying direct method, stress distribution method, and progressive collapse analysis method. Six ships and ship-shaped structures used in the benchmark study of International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC) in 2012 are adopted as examples. The calculation results by applying the developed program are analyzed and compared with the existing results. Finally, the roles of the developed program and its further development are discussed.     

A Simplified Model for the Effect of Weld-Induced Residual Stresses on the Axial Ultimate Strength of Stiffened Plates

The present work investigates the compressive axial ultimate strength of fillet-welded steel-plated ship structures subjected to uniaxial compression, in which the residual stresses in the welded plates are calculated by a thermo-elasto-plastic finite element analysis that is used to fit an idealized model of residual stress distribution. The numerical results of ultimate strength based on the simplified model of residual stress show good agreement with those of various methods including the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) Common Structural Rules (CSR), leading to the conclusion that the simplified model can be effectively used to represent the distribution of residual stresses in steel-plated structures in a wide range of engineering applications. It is concluded that the widths of the tension zones in the welded plates have a quasi-linear behavior with respect to the plate slenderness. The effect of residual stress on the axial strength of the stiffened plate is analyzed and discussed.