基于多种策略的页面内容提取算法

针对W eb页面存在与主题无关的噪音的问题,提出了基于页面结构与页面内容相结合的多策略页面内容提取算法.该算法根据改进的VIPS(基于视觉信息的页面分割算法)生成页面的块结构树,通过定义内聚度阈值和块结构树的最大深度,实现了块结构树中不同区域内不同分块粒度的要求;根据W eb页面提供的结构信息和内容信息提取块结构树叶子节点中的"主题"块和"主题相关"块;最后,对主题块和主题相关块的内容进行合并,提取页面的主要内容.实验表明,对任意下载、不同内容类型的页面,该算法都能有效地提取页面内容.     

浅谈粉煤灰路堤的设计与施工

介绍了粉煤灰路基在河南省安阳至林州高速公路中的应用。     

出口集装箱堆场取箱作业优化模型研究

集装箱装卸效率直接影响船舶靠港停泊时间，倒箱操作是影响装卸效率的主要因素．文中建立了龙门式起重机小车取箱作业优化模型，以龙门式起重机取箱作业时倒箱数量最少为目标，以各个取箱阶段为节点、以取箱代价为边的权数，应用最小生成树和启发式算法对优化模型进行求解,根据最小生成树的性质，本模型可获得倒箱数最少的优化装船顺序，提高装卸作业的效率．     

空车调整最小费用的合理分摊

借助多人合作对策的思想建立了铁路空车调整问题中最小费用合理分摊的数学模型，给出了建立理想分摊向量和特征函数的一种方法，并提供了具体解法，比较有效地解决了空车调整中最小费用的合理分摊问题，为最优调运方案的实际实施提供了前提和保障。     

人脾脏巨噬细胞的分离与纯化

目的　探索分离纯化大量人脾脏巨噬细胞 (MΦ)的方法。方法　选取 10例手术切除的脾脏 ,机械研磨法获得脾脏组织细胞混悬液。采用贴壁培养的方法进行MΦ的分离与纯化 ,相差显微镜下动态观察 ,明确贴壁培养的合适时间 ,详细记录MΦ分离纯化过程各步骤所需时间。收获的MΦ ,台盼蓝染色判定活力并计数 ,统计出平均每克脾脏组织收获的MΦ数及其纯度。相差显微镜、透射电镜观察分离纯化MΦ的形态特征。结果　分析贴壁培养各时间段的细胞纯度及活力 ,确定MΦ培养的合适时间为 2～ 3h。贴壁培养纯化后 ,平均从每克脾脏组织可收获 (0 .2 5± 0 .0 3)× 10 8个MΦ ,纯度为 (90± 5 ) % ,细胞活力≥ 99% ,细胞结构及各种细胞器结构均完整。结论　贴壁培养方法分离纯化人脾脏MΦ是成功可行的 ,收获的MΦ数量大、纯度高、活力好 ,为脾脏MΦ功能的深入研究奠定了基础     

新建桥梁设计高度影响因素分析

对新建桥梁设计高度的影响因素进行系统地分析 ,尤其对其中最主要的因素———设计洪水位的合理性进行深入的论述 ,提出了用综合对比法确定设计桥高的新概念。     

锂动力电池组关键参数研究与性能评估

锂离子电池具有诸多优点,已广泛应用于小功率便携式设备上。在大功率方面,聚合物锂离子电池在储能和动力源领域已开始崭露头角。随着聚合物锂动力电池的应用越来越广泛,对锂动力电池组在整个生命周期内的性能进行评估显得尤为重要。本文对锂动力电池组的一些关键参数进行了讨论并对电池组的性能评估方法进行了探讨。     

A GIS‐based method to identify cost‐effective routes for rural deviated fixed route transit

Deviated fixed route transit (DFRT) service connecting rural and urban areas is a growing transportation mode in the USA. Little research has been done to develop frameworks for route design. A methodology to explore the most cost‐effective DFRT route is presented in this paper. The inputs include potential DFRT demand distribution and a road network. A heuristic is used to build possible routes by starting at urban cores and extending in all network directions in certain length increments. All the DFRT routes falling in the length range desired by the users are selected. The cost effectiveness of those routes, defined by operating cost per passenger trip, is compared. The most cost‐effective route is selected and presented in a GIS map. A case study illustrates the methodology in several Tennessee metropolitan regions. The most cost‐effective route length is case specific; some routes (e.g. those out of our Nashville case) are most cost effective when short, while others (e.g. those out of Memphis) are most cost effective when long. Government agencies could use the method to identify routes with the lowest operating cost per passenger given a route length or an operating cost budget. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The speed control effect of highway tunnel sidewall markings based on color and temporal frequency

The low‐luminance monotonous environment in the middle section of highway tunnels offers few reference points and is prone to cause severe visual illusion. Thus, drivers tend to underestimate their driving speed, which can induce speeding behaviors that result in rear‐end collisions. Therefore, discovering low‐cost methods of traffic engineering that reduce this visual illusion and ensure a steady driving speed is an important challenge for current highway tunnel operations. This study analyzes the effects of sidewall markings in typical highway tunnels, specifically observing how their colors and temporal frequencies affect the driver's speed perception in a low‐luminance condition. A three‐dimensional model of the middle section of highway tunnels was built in a driving simulator. Psychophysical tests of speed perception were carried out by the method of limits. The precision of the simulation model was then checked by comparing the results to field test data. The simulation tests studied the stimulus of subjectively equal speed and reaction time in relation to sidewall markings in different colors (red–white combined, yellow–white combined, and blue–white combined). Furthermore, based on the optimal color, the effects of sidewall marking with different temporal frequencies (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 32 Hz) on the speed perception of drivers were also analyzed. The test results reveal that the color and temporal frequency of sidewall marking have a significant impact on the driver's stimulus of subjectively equal speed and reaction time. The subjects have the highest speed overestimation and an easy speed judgment with the red–white combined sidewall marking. Within the temporal frequency range of 4.45–7.01 Hz, the subjects have a certain degree of speed overestimation (less than 20%), and the speed perception is sensitive to the temporal frequency changes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Empirical analysis and comparisons about time-allocation patterns across segments based on mode-specific preferences

A three-stage approach, i.e., factor-cluster-multi-group Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), is designed to explore the commonalities and diversities with respect to relationships between socio-demographic characteristics and time-use patterns across different segments. Factor-cluster analysis is conducted to extract meaningful factors from attitudinal statements, and then group the sample population into three segments, each with a unique combination of mode preferences for public transit, private car, and motorcycle. By virtue of multi-group SEM, the relationships between socio-demographics and time allocated to activities and travel are found to be significantly different across segments. This study highlights the importance of latent psychological factors in segmentation. For policy implication, specific population with unique psychological features must be targeted in order to efficiently and effectively design and implement transport measures.