内蒙古伊泰准东铁路牵引供电系统方案研究

从路网角度对内蒙古伊泰准东铁路牵引供电系统进行总体规划，统筹考虑，根据路网总体规划和近期需要设置牵引变电所，以提高枢纽站的供电可靠性和相邻牵引变电所供电能力的相互支援。     

Estimation of delay variability at signalized intersections for urban arterial performance evaluation

Urban arterial performance evaluation has been broadly studied, with the major focus on average travel time estimation. However, in view of the stochastic nature of interrupted flow, the ability to capture the characteristics of travel time variability has become a critical step in determining arterial level of service (LOS). This article first presents a stochastic approach that integrates classic cumulative curves and probability theories in order to investigate delay variability at signalized intersections, as a dominant part of the link travel time variability. This serves as a basis for arterial travel time estimation, which can be obtained through a convolution of individual link travel time distributions. The proposed approach is then applied in the estimation of travel time along one arterial in Shanghai, China, with abundant automatic vehicle identification (AVI) data sources. The travel time variability is evaluated thoroughly at 30-min intervals, with promising results achieved in comparison to the field measurements. In addition, the estimated travel time distributions are utilized to illustrate the probability of multiple LOS ranges, namely, reliability LOS. The results provide insights into how we might achieve a more reliable and informative understanding of arterial performance.     

Subjective-utility travel time budget modeling in the stochastic traffic network assignment

ABSTRACT

In this article, we propose a new model called subjective-utility travel time budget (SU-TTB) model to capture travelers' risk-averse route choices. In the travel time budget (TTB) and mean-excess travel time (METT) model, a predefined confidence level is needed to capture the risk-aversion in route choice. Due to the day-to-day route travel time variations, the exact confidence level is hard to be predicted. With the SU-TTB model, we assume travelers' confidence level belongs to an interval that they may comply with in the route choice. The two main components of SU-TTB are the utility function and the TTB model. We can show that the SU-TTB can be reduced to the TTB and METT model with proper utility function for the confidence levels. We can also prove its equivalence with our recently proposed nonlinear-expectation route travel time (NERTT) model in some cases and give some new interpretation on the NERTT with this equivalence. Finally, we formulate the SU-TTB model as a variational inequality (VI) problem to model the risk-averse user equilibrium (RAUE), termed as generalized RAUE (GRAUE). The GRAUE is solved via a heuristic gradient projection algorithm, and the model and solution algorithm are demonstrated with the Braess's traffic network and the Nguyen and Dupuis's traffic network.     

使用聚合物对纯砂层进行渣土改良的试验研究

土压平衡盾构在不同的地层进行渣土改良的关键是选择合适的改良剂,纯砂层施工中最常用的改良剂就是膨润土泥浆,目前已开始尝试使用聚合物进行改良。本文选取3种典型的聚合物,研究聚合物溶液特性与聚合物浓度、搅拌时间和静置时间的关系,并选择合适的聚合物对粗砂试样进行塌落度试验、渗透试验和直剪试验的室内试验研究。研究结果表明,针对粗砂地层(含水率10%左右),0.3%的PAM聚合物溶液注入率为20%~25%时,能有效增强粗砂的流动性和黏聚性,降低渗透系数和摩擦因数,满足土压平衡盾构施工要求。     

CCS水电站引水隧洞双护盾TBM施工围岩分类研究

为了对双护盾TBM隧洞施工中的围岩进行分类,以厄瓜多尔CCS水电站引水隧洞为例,参考RMR围岩分类方法,通过伸缩护盾的间隙和刀盘的空隙对洞壁和掌子面围岩进行观测,结合岩渣及掘进参数,获取岩石的质量指标RQD、节理间距和节理性状等信息。通过综合分析,选取岩石的回弹值、围岩的完整性、岩石的质量指标RQD、刀盘推力、刀盘扭矩、片状岩渣含量和地下水渗流量作为围岩分类的指标,然后对7个指标分别赋值,建立围岩的分类标准,并通过求和的方法进行综合围岩分类。分类结果表明:选取的7个指标可以克服双护盾TBM施工时无法对围岩进行全面地质素描的困难,可以满足TBM快速施工的需要,并且能较真实地反映围岩的情况,分类结果可靠。     

约束对隧道二次衬砌早期温度应力分布的影响

为了解决隧道工程渗水问题,基于某隧道工程,采用MIDAS-GEN对其二次衬砌早期模筑混凝土进行非稳定温度应力场以及周围约束进行研究。研究结果表明:约束可以改变隧道的早期拉应力场的分布,具有外围约束的隧道二次衬砌的拉应力为隧道厚度中间最大,无约束隧道的拉应力为外部最大,约束可以减小隧道外部区域的拉应力,使得远离约束区域的拉应力变大,而无约束隧道的拉应力分布与之相反。根据温度应力分布特点,建议在设计方面适当增大二次衬砌中间与外侧的配筋,在施工方面减小初期支护与二次砌衬之间约束等。     

基于小波和粒子群算法的HEV行驶状况辨识方法研究

针对混合动力汽车(HEV)行驶状况(道路坡度和整车载荷)变化难以有效识别,导致驱动系统控制策略不能有效满足驾驶员意图问题,以混联式HEV为研究对象,提出了基于小波滤波和粒子群算法的HEV行驶状况辨识方法。首先建立了汽车行驶状况辨识模型,采用最小二乘法确立了优化目标函数,其次研究了基于小波滤波和粒子群算法的HEV行驶状况辨识原理,最后进行了行驶状况粒子群智能算法辨识试验。在采集实车数据的基础上,对实车数据进行小波滤波,并运用行驶状况辨识方法对道路坡度和整车载荷进行了辨识,并对辨识结果进行小波滤波,结果表明,试验工况下整车载荷辨识的相对误差绝对平均值为2.71%,道路坡度辨识的相对误差绝对平均值为3.85%,验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

对农村金融的差异需求与分层供给行为选择的模型分析——基于机制设计理论的视角

文章基于机制设计理论的思想和框架,建立了农村金融市场上差异需求与分层供给行为选择的相关约束机制模型,分析了相关约束机制变量对农村金融供求行为选择的影响,从而提出了通过进一步改进和完善农村金融市场相关机制变量,促进我国农村金融供求者的匹配性行为选择,改善农村金融市场效率,加强金融对“三农”支持力度的政策建议。     

社会转型期大学生思想道德教育对策思考

随着网络化、经济全球化的进程,中国社会正处在深刻变革和快速转型期,人们的价值观念、思维方式和行为方式发生剧烈变化,传统的道德规范受到了强烈冲击。正处在人生观、价值观、道德观的形成时期的大学生,面临极大的道德冲突与思想困惑。文章在分析大学生的思想道德现状及其成因的基础上,就社会转型期如何加强大学生思想道德建设进行探讨。     

桥梁加宽中新增梁对旧桥的影响

依托黄土地区高速公路改扩建桥梁加宽工程,选取一座3孔13 m简支空心板桥,分析新增空心板梁对旧桥原有板梁的影响。基于不同加宽方案对新旧桥空心板梁横向分布系数进行了计算,计算结果表明增加新梁截面刚度可有效降低旧梁横向分布系数。建议采用移旧桥边梁为新桥边梁并且提高新增空心板梁刚度的加宽方案。