基于CFD方法的空调风管除霜性能开发

基于空调风管除霜性能开发过程,将总体性能分解到风管性能、玻璃近壁面的速度性能以及考虑温度的除霜性能。使用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,在设计前期通过稳态分析控制风管的性能及速度性能;在设计后期通过瞬态分析评估空调除霜的能力。分析结果表明,空调除霜性能目标从部件到整车均满足要求。     

On Safety in Dismantling Temporary Strut of Super-large Tunnels with Double-layer Primary Support北大核心CSCD

More and more multiple-track tunnels and super-large section tunnels have been built, and disman- tling of temporary strut is a weak point of the whole structure during force transfer when the secondary lining is con- structed. It is significant to guarantee structure safety during dismantling of temporary strut. Little systematic re- search on safety in dismantling of temporary strut of the super-large section tunnel with double-layer primary support has been conducted, so the internal force and security of the two-layer primary support of the Xinkaotang tunnel were analyzed by a numerical analysis and site measurement, and it proves the effect of two-layer primary support on the safety during strut dismantling. The research results indicate that: (1) with constant support thickness and one-time longitudinal dismantling length, the safety factor of secondary primary support is larger than that of the first primary support, and the safety factor of the first primary support is larger than that of the single-layer primary support. Change range of safety factor for the first primary support is smaller than that of the single-layer primary support, and the safe factor for the single-layer primary support is smaller than that of the secondary primary support; (2) with the same support pattern, the safety factors increase firstly and then decrease with an increase of the onetime dismantling length. The calculated results of various cases show that the reasonable one-time dismantling length for this project is about 9 m. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Effect of Explosion in a Gas Pipeline Compartment of a Utility Tunnel on Neighboring Metro Tunnels北大核心CSCD

In this paper the numerical simulation analysis of the effect of explosion in the gas pipeline compartment of a utility tunnel on neighboring metro tunnels was conducted using the software AUTODYN. The results show that the TNT equivalent in a fireproof partition with length of 200 m is 41.6 kg when the gas concentration in the gas pipeline compartment reaches 10%; the blast wave has much effect on the crown and arch waist of the round metro tunnel and it’s necessary to take some protective measures in both areas; when the surrounding soil is sand, the utili- ty tunnel is above the round metro tunnel and their alignments are in the same direction, the greater the vertical spacing between the utility tunnel and the metro tunnel, the smaller the effect of the blast wave on the metro tunnel; when the vertical spacing is 7.2 m, the maximum dynamic tensile stress is 1.86 MPa (including the static stress value of 1 MPa in the tunnel segment) and it is slightly smaller than the designed tensile strength of metro tunnel (about 1.89 MPa). The maximum vibration velocity and the maximum displacement meet the structural stability require- ments, so it is suggested the vertical spacing between the utility tunnel and metro tunnel shall not be less than 7.2 m. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

A Study of Prevention Techniques for Tunnel Lining Defects北大核心CSCD

Defects of tunnel lining, such as inadequate thickness, voids, cracks, rock falling and water leakage etc., endanger the safety of railway tunnel operation. Based on the site construction, an analysis of the reasons for lining defects was conducted; technical measures against lining defects were proposed and tests were carried out at site. The results show that these measures are reliable and effective, and the purposes of prevention and treatment are re⁃ alized. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

基于PMS理论的常规潜艇任务可靠性研究

针对常规潜艇功能复杂、任务多变的特点,将多阶段任务系统(phased mission system,PMS)理论引入到其任务可靠性的分析中.深入分析常规潜艇的鱼雷攻击任务,建立任务可靠性模型,用马尔可夫过程法进行了任务可靠度计算,为常规潜艇任务可靠性模型的建立提供一种新方法.     

基于改善轮轨共形度的60 kg/m钢轨廓形优化

重载铁路及客货共线铁路运营条件下,轮轨磨耗问题尤为突出.为了有效减缓轮轨磨耗发展,以不同接触条件下轮轨廓形共形度最优为原则,设计目标函数及约束条件,建立钢轨廓形非线性优化数学模型,并基于序列二次规划法进行求解,提出60 kg/m钢轨廓形的优化方案;从轮轨接触几何关系、车辆-轨道系统动力作用、磨耗的角度对优化廓形的优化效果进行了对比分析.结果表明：1）所提出的60 kg/m钢轨优化廓形相对于原始廓形使目标函数值降低了50%,与LM车轮廓形具有更高的共形度水平;2）优化廓形的轮轨接触点分布更为均匀,在轮对横移量较小的条件下轮径差更小,在轮对横移较大的条件下轮径差更大;3）优化廓形对车辆运行安全性和平稳性无显著影响,可有效增大轮轨接触面积达11.24%,降低接触应力达20.42%,减缓轮轨磨耗发生发展速率.     

探测电缆老化的光纤直流漏电流法

电力电缆绝缘可靠性直接影响电气化铁道及其设备供电的安全稳定运行.合理选择故障测试设备,准确、快速查找电缆老化故障已经引起国内外专家学者的广泛关注.本文在分析电力电缆老化现象的基础上,探讨当前常用的老化探测方法,提出了光纤直流漏电流探测法,通过与以往的探测方法进行比较,表明光纤直流漏电流探测法能够有效降低环境干扰,提高测量精度.     

高速公路施工质量问题及控制措施分析

高速公路项目的施工质量关系到人们的出行安全。鉴于此，从参与方、材料、设备、环境等方面重点阐述了影响高速公路施工质量的因素，提出了相应的质量控制措施，可为高速公路的施工提供一些参考。     

柔性基础下刚性桩复合地基的工作性状

采用数值方法,考虑复合地基、垫层和基础之间的共同作用,对柔性基础下刚性桩复合地基桩侧摩阻力、桩身轴向应力、桩端刺入变形等工作性状进行了研究;讨论了基础弹性模量、基础高度、基础宽度、桩体弹性模量、置换率、土体弹性模量等因素对复合地基工作性状的影响;最后通过归一化分析提出了可反映基础相对刚度的量纲一的参数K,并讨论了不同基础相对刚度下桩端上刺变形的变化趋势。结果表明:基础弹性模量并不是区分柔性基础与刚性基础的惟一指标,采用"基础相对刚度"的概念比仅考虑基础自身刚度的概念更具有合理性。     

关于城市同一河流上桥梁规划的探讨

中国有相当一部分城镇由于古代沿河而栖的文化,通常都有一条河流贯穿其中,该文阐述了把城市中同一重要河流上的桥梁从城市区域规划中分离出来做一个独立规划的重要性,并介绍了浙江缙云县好溪上6座桥梁的规划及其规划宗旨。