地应力场主应力方向变化时隧道锚杆支护的试验研究

本文通过模型试验,对均匀、连续的软弱围岩中开挖的深理隧道,在初 始主应力比一定(N二O,5),但方向(a)变化条件下洞室剪切破坏的形 态及其位置、锚杆布置及其受力与围岩变形的关系、猫杆的支护作用进 行了试验研完。对典型的主应力偏离条件下的随道,分别提出了一个较 为合理的锚杆支护形式,以供在预设计参考。      

Fault tree analysis of fire and explosion accidents for dual fuel (diesel/natural gas) ship engine rooms

In recent years, China’s increased interest in environmental protection has led to a promotion of energy-efficient dual fuel (diesel/natural gas) ships in Chinese inland rivers. A natural gas as ship fuel may pose dangers of fire and explosion if a gas leak occurs. If explosions or fires occur in the engine rooms of a ship, heavy damage and losses will be incurred. In this paper, a fault tree model is presented that considers both fires and explosions in a dual fuel ship; in this model, dual fuel engine rooms are the top events. All the basic events along with the minimum cut sets are obtained through the analysis. The primary factors that affect accidents involving fires and explosions are determined by calculating the degree of structure importance of the basic events. According to these results, corresponding measures are proposed to ensure and improve the safety and reliability of Chinese inland dual fuel ships.     

Influence of the type of the pulverized coal concentrator on the operation of a tangential fired boiler with horizontal bias combustion

In this paper, the problems of combustion instability and high-temperature corrosion of pulverized coal fired boiler are investigated by numerical simulation and analysis of the momentum moment. Elbow and twisting plate type of burners are used in the boiler, and the reverse moment of momentum is formed at the outlet of the fuel-rich side of the burner. The momentum moment in the boiler is opposite to the designed tangential circle, and the tangential circle in the boiler is reversed rotation. The reverse moment of momentum at the burner outlet can be eliminated by using louver horizontal bias pulverized coal burner, while the problems of combustion instability and high-temperature corrosion of the boiler are solved, and the combustion efficiency is improved. Accordingly,economic benefit is obviously got.     

节理岩体隧道围岩稳定性判定指标合理性研究

隧道围岩失稳模式和稳定性判据一直是工程界争论的焦点,迄今没有科学合理的标准,常以洞周位移或塑性区经验值作为稳定性判定指标。洞周位移受围岩弹模、隧道形状等因素影响,而且不同部位变形值差异很大,很难找到统一标准;以塑性区作为稳定性判据优于以位移作为判据,围岩塑性化反映连续介质宏观塑性流动力学动态,而不能用于量化判定由优势结构面控制节理岩体破坏的隧道稳定性。文章结合细观节理形态和变化,通过UDEC离散元程序,研究节理岩体隧道失稳模式及量化的稳定性判定指标,探讨了细观结构机制和宏观力学行为关系。结果表明:(1)结构面极大地削弱岩体力学性质及其稳定性,结构面变形与强度性质对于隧道稳定性起着关键控制性作用;(2)节理岩体隧道扰动区可划分为脱落区、张开区和剪切滑移区,其中脱落区表征围岩失稳模式,张开区围岩处于脱落临界状态,即塌方潜在区域;(3)剪切滑移区是诱发围岩发生渐进性破坏主因,提出将剪切滑移区作为节理岩体隧道稳定性判定指标具有严格力学依据,可以定量化评价围岩稳定程度。最后,以在建兰渝铁路木寨岭隧道为例,对比了锚杆支护前后力学效应,验证了以剪切滑移区作为节理岩体隧道稳定性判定指标的可靠性、合理性和现实性。     

Simultaneous optimization of transit line configuration and passenger line assignment

Passenger transportation in most large cities relies on an efficient mass transit system, whose line configuration has direct impacts on the system operating cost, passenger travel time and line transfers. Unfortunately, the interplay between transit line configuration and passenger line assignment has been largely ignored in the literature. This paper presents a model for simultaneous optimization of transit line configuration and passenger line assignment in a general network. The model is formulated as a linear binary integer program and can be solved by the standard branch and bound method. The model is illustrated with a couple of minimum spanning tree networks and a simplified version of the general Hong Kong mass transit railway network.     

中国铁路“走出去”面临的困难及应对建议

从中国铁路走出去的意义出发,分析目前走出去面临的困难、挑战及机遇,从中国铁路走出去战略对策、技术标准、通信信号设备产品、设计标准选择等方面,提出应对措施和建议。     

马水河大桥薄壁高墩施工质量控制

结合宜万铁路马水河大桥薄壁高墩工程实例,对混凝土温度控制及薄壁高墩施工测量监控,成功地降低温度场和结构应力对高墩的影响,防止了混凝土裂缝,确保了高墩混凝土外观质量和线形,技术上可为今后类似工程提供参考。     

意识流小说《达洛卫夫人》的态度系统研究

以马丁的评价理论为指导,结合叙述学原理,以弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的著名小说《达洛卫夫人》为例,探讨意识流小说叙事的态度系统及其体现以及它们如何推动小说爱情主题的构建.研究结果表明:该小说的叙事是关于人的,因而人物的判断被前景化;人物之间的复杂关系被鉴赏;人物的情感也被评价.小说通过人物的自由间接思想表达从不同人物的视角对态度...     

大连“7·16”事故海上清污工作的深度思考

为及时应对大规模海上溢油污染事故,有效控制和消除污染,最大限度地降低溢油污染事故对海洋环境造成的影响.在分析大连“7·16”事故海上清污工作全过程的基础上,深入研究此次清污工作的成功经验和存在的问题.在国家和地方层面上,从体制、机制、法规、资金、装备和人员等方面提出加强我国海域和内河水域溢油应急能力建设的建议,对完善我国溢油应急体系,提升海上溢油污染事故的防治能力具有重要意义.     

船舶设计项目人力资源评价方法研究

人力资源是船舶设计项目成功的重要因素,为了能够合理配置人力资源使其发挥最大的效益,建立了基于矩阵式组织结构和团队协调者领导的船舶设计项目团队组织模型,采用模糊综合评判方法对要进入团队的设计人员从多个指标进行综合评价,根据评价结果择优选择,从而组建出高效的设计团队.通过实例计算,证实了该方法的适用性,并开发出了船舶设计项目人力资源评价计算模块.此方法为人力资源的配置提供了一种定量决策方法,使项目组能够得到合适的组员,提高了项目组的整体实力.