舰船发动机排气管内顺流喷雾降温的CFD分析

发动机排气管废气出口温度过高是影响舰船红外隐身性能的重要因素之一.在排气管内喷雾能有效降低废气出口温度.针对排气管内顺流喷雾时的气液两相湍流流动与热质传递,用Euler-Lagrange方法建立了数理计算模型,用CFD计算软件进行了数值模拟.考察了水雾出口温度、水流量、水雾喷射夹角及雾滴初始粒径对喷雾降温效果的影响.结果表明:排气管内顺流喷雾时,废气出口温度大幅降低,呈倒钟形分布;废气出口温度的大小和分布与水流量、水雾喷射夹角及雾滴初始粒径息息相关;水流量越大、雾滴初始粒径越小,则废气出口温度越低,废气出口温度与水流量的大小基本呈线性关系;雾滴初始粒径越小、水雾喷射夹角越大,则废气出口温度分布越均匀;而废气出口温度的大小与分布对水雾出口温度的变化并不敏感.     

An range-free localization scheme for large scale underwater wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we study an area localization problem in large scale underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). The limited bandwidth, the severely impaired channel and the cost of underwater equipment all make the underwater localization problem very challenging. Exact localization is very difficult for UWSNs in deep underwater environment. We propose a range free method based on mobile detachable elevator transceiver (DET) and 3D multi-power area localization scheme (3D-MALS) to address the challenging problem. In the proposed scheme, the ideas of 2D multi-power area localization scheme (2D-ALS) and utilizing DET are used to achieve the simplicity, location accuracy, scalability and low cost performances. The DET can rise and get down to broadcast its position. And it is assumed that all the underwater nodes underwater have pressure sensors and know their z coordinates. We evaluate the performances of 2D-ALS and our proposed 3D-MALS schemes under both ideal and non-ideal channel propagation conditions, in terms of localization error and localization ratio. The simulation results show that our proposed scheme is much more efficient than the 2D-ALS.     

特种印刷在工艺品制作中的应用

本文梗概地介绍了几种特种印刷技术在工艺品制作中的应用。相信随着人们对工艺品需求量的不断增加以及对各类装饰、装潢工艺水平要求的不断提高,这些技术也必将会获得进一步的发展。     

中国新闻传播学高被引论文分析——基于CSSCI、CNKI两个主流引文数据库的研究

本研究分析了新闻传播学学术论文CSSCI、CNKI两个数据库被引证的现状,找出了新闻传播学自1978年～2007年30年以来的高被引论文,比较两个数据库的引证特点,并对发现的新闻传播学高被引论文的领域分布、年代分布、期刊分布等数据进行了分析,找出目前在新闻传播学学术研究中存在的一些学科新兴、外在保守等共性问题.     

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针对台风、飓风等可预报自然灾害,在其登陆城市之前一定的安全时限内,大规模区域路网疏散的交通管理问题进行了研究。基于最优化理论与微观交通仿真相结合的方法,构造了面向区域疏散交通管理的双层建模框架。上层模型（最优化层）以修正元胞传输理论为基础,构建了适用于大规模路网疏散的交通管理方案优化模型,其输出的疏散交通管理策略备选集合,输入到下层模型（微观交通仿真模型）中,从而在微观层面考察驾驶员行为反应等上层模型难以捕捉的疏散特性,进而制定最优的疏散交通管理方案。案例分析的结果表明,该框架兼具最优化方法与微观交通仿真方法的双重优点,能够较好地服务于区域疏散交通规划与具体的区域疏散交通管理实践。     

糖皮质激素预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨糖皮质激素对心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用.方法 将18只家兔应用冠状动脉左前降支结扎术造成心肌缺血模型,随机分成3组:心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型组(模型组)、糖皮质激素一次大剂量保护组(大剂量组)以及糖皮质激素多次小剂量保护组(小剂量组),每组6只.应用BL-420生物信号采集系统观察记录心电图ST段改变,分别在缺血前、缺血15 min以及再灌注30 min取血测定血浆丙二醛(MDA)浓度;缺血区心肌标本制作冰冻切片,行组织化学染色,观察缺血区琥珀酸脱氢酶活性变化.结果 糖皮质激素的大、小剂量保护组再灌注过程中ST段恢复的时间较短,快于模型组;大剂量组血清MDA水平低于小剂量组(P<0.05),且两组均低于模型组(P<0.01);大剂量组缺血心肌琥珀酸脱氢酶活性高于小剂量组,且两组均明显高于模型组.结论 糖皮质激素对心肌缺血-再灌注损伤可以起到有效的保护作用,一次大剂量的治疗保护效果要好于多次小剂量.     

Protective effect of glutamine pretreatment on ischemia-reperfusion injury of spinal cord in rabbits

Objective To investigate the effect of glutamine (Gln) on the content of reduced glutathione hormone (GSH) and aminoglutaminic acid (Glu) of spinal cord following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Totally 40 healthy adult male rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: sham-operation group (S group), ischemia-reperfusion injury group (I/R group), low-dose glutamine group (L Gln group), median-dose glutamine group (M Gln group) and high-dose glutamine group (H Gln group). After glutamine preconditioning, the model of spinal cord ischemia-reporfasion injury was established according to Zivin's method. The general status of animals was observed and the changes of Jacobs scoring were recorded in each group. Malondialdehydes (MDA), GSH, Glu and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lumbar spinal cord tissues were determined using chemical colorimetry. The neuron number and deviation rate in spinal cord anterior horn were observed histopathologically. Results There was no significant difference between L Gin group and I/R group in behavior scoring, SOD activity, content of MDA and Glu, neuron number and deviation rate of spinal cord (P>0.05); however, there was a significant difference in GSH content of spinal cord (P<0.05). M Gln group and I/R group differed significantly (P<0.05) in behavior scoring, SOD activity, content of MDA, Glu, GSH, neuron number and deviation rate of spinal cord. Between H Gln group and M Gln group, there was no significant difference in behavior scoring, content of MDA and Glu, SOD activity, neuron number and aberration rate in spinal cord (P>0.05), whereas there was a significant difference in SOD activity and Giu content (P<0.05). Conclusion Pretreatment with medium-dose glutamine has a protective effect on spinal cord ischemia-reporfasion injury in rabbits, which may be related to the maintenance of GSH content, increase of SOD activity and reduction of MDA.     

军事装备运输性模拟仿真试验研究初探

随着军事装备现代化建设的发展和军交运输环境的变化,利用模拟仿真技术对装备进行运输性试验,已成为运输性理论研究的重要发展方向。在分析军事装备运输性模拟仿真试验研究意义和国内外现状的基础上,阐明了试验的主要对象与内容,并提出进行模拟仿真试验主要分为载运工具CAD建模、装备CAD建模、仿真建模、仿真试验和结果分析等五个步骤。研究结果可促进我军军事装备的功能性与集成化发展。     

我国民航货机实际保障能力分析

我军的航空运力十分有限,难以满足当前空运的需求。通过对民航货运现状的分析,可以看出民航货运运力是航空军事运输可发掘的潜力所在,并从实际出发,借鉴外军的三级动员体制,对我民航货机运力的保障能力进行了计算。经实例分析可得出结论：动员民航货机运力能有效缓解我军航空运输的紧张局面。     

基于冲突的公路平面交叉口驾驶行为研究

考虑每种驾驶行为对交叉口安全产生的影响不同,采用数据统计的方法赋予每种驾驶行为不同的权重。依据实际调查数据,统计分析交叉口各种驾驶行为的分布,提出驾驶行为特征值的分析方法和模型,并以驾驶行为特征值为自变量,建立了驾驶行为与冲突的关系模型,模型表明冲突率和驾驶行为特征值能够较好的符合线性关系．