江海直达船艏部结构入水砰击试验

  目的  疲劳损伤是船舶工程中常见的结构损伤形式之一。江海直达船的结构要求比海船低、比江船高,还要求承受在江、海水域航行时不同波浪载荷的作用,其环境载荷复杂,结构疲劳问题有待深入研究。  方法  在某江海直达集装箱船的基础上,结合谱分析法,以若干个舱口角隅点作为研究对象,进行江海直达船的结构疲劳性能研究;参考中国沿海长期波浪载荷数据,计算不同校核点处的疲劳损伤规律,研究疲劳损伤关于各短期海况的分布差异。  结果  分析结果表明,海域疲劳损伤主要由有义波高为2.5~5 m和跨零周期为6~8 s的波浪所贡献。  结论  考虑了江、海波浪联合作用后,目标船舶的结构疲劳寿命显著增加,而对江海直达船进行结构疲劳研究时,仅考虑海上波浪环境是不精确的。研究结果可为今后江海直达船的结构疲劳设计提供依据。     

自组网无线动态应变检测节点设计

本文设计了高精度自组网无线动态应变采集电路。设计采用TI公司的ZIGBEE解决方案进行无线自组网网络建立,采用恒流式电桥提高传感器的抗干扰能力和精度,并进行ADC驱动电路的分析设计,并进行现场实验。实验表明该方案具有较好的环境适应性、可维护性并具有优异的采集精度,可以满足大型复杂结构的分布式疲劳测试。     

Who Owns Underwater Cultural Heritage in the South China Sea

The South China Sea has attained global attention because of terraria disputes over oil, gas, fisheries and other resources in the sea area. Compared with the valuable natural resources, the underwater cultural heritage is not recognized or considered, but is an important legacy of many losses of vessels over centuries. Recently, the surrounding states in the South China Sea have taken measures to preserve underwater cultural heritage in their sea waters. However, the current complicated situation of the South China Sea intensifies the difficulties of protection of underwater cultural heritagein that area. There is an important and interesting potential issue of identification of ownership of underwater cultural heritage because of differences of legislation and claims to jurisdiction. Under the current information of legislation of some states in the South China Sea, it can be understood this issue cannot be avoid on the protection of underwater cultural heritage. This article discusses potential disputes over ownership of underwater cultural heritage in the South China Sea based on the different legislation of several states (China, Vietnam and Philippines) and proposes some possible suggestions for resolving the issue of ownership, rather than performing a primary research.     

我国LNG动力船舶燃料加注技术

LNG动力船舶以其环保、节能等优势受到越来越多的国家和航运企业的关注。针对我国目前LNG动力船舶在政策法规、燃料供应和加注技术等方面存在的问题,对国内外LNG动力船舶燃料加注技术的发展趋势进行总结。通过分析我国LNG动力船舶的燃料加注方式和加注站的规模,提出促进我国LNG动力船舶应用发展的建议及措施。     

压缩载荷下金属波纹夹层梁稳定性试验与数值分析

针对一个激光焊接金属波纹夹层梁模型,设计轴向压缩载荷下稳定性试验方案,通过试验获得夹层梁结构失稳临界载荷（极限载荷）及破坏模式。采用有限元软件ANSYS计算、探讨轴向压缩载荷下夹层梁结构的稳定性,数值计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。最后,对夹层梁结构在轴向压缩载荷下的临界失稳承载能力进行参数化分析。计算结果表明：在增加相同重量的前提下,增加下面板的厚度或芯层的厚度更有利于提高夹层梁结构的轴向临界失稳承载能力。     

船冰碰撞载荷下船舶结构加强方案研究

为了探究水介质对船—冰碰撞结构响应的影响,文章首次对考虑水介质中的船—冰碰撞问题进行了研究。模拟了船舶与冰体在水介质中的碰撞场景,研究船—水—冰三者共同耦合作用对船—冰碰撞的影响。将该计算方法应用于船—冰碰撞的多种工况计算,对比分析了增加外板厚度、横隔板厚度以及肋骨间距等多种加强方案对船体结构响应的差异。揭示了碰撞区域的损伤变形、碰撞力、结构吸能随外板厚度、横隔板厚度和肋骨间距的变化而变化的规律,分析了船舶肩部各主要构件对于抵抗冰载荷作用的能力及贡献。所得结论对于进行冰区船舶结构设计具有参考作用。     

30000 DWT载货教学实习船破舱稳性研究

30000 DWT载货教学实习船是上海船舶研究设计院为大连海事大学专门开发设计的无限航区多用途船兼教学实习船。作为教学实习船,保障实习生、教师和船员的生命安全至关重要,而破舱稳性是考核该船是否足够安全的重要性能指标。分析了2008年《特种用途船安全规则》及SOLAS 2014对特种用途船和普通干货船的概率破舱稳性计算要求的区别,通过采取设计U型压载水舱和特殊布置管系及阀等措施,最终得到了较小的破舱稳性GM限制,提高了货物装运能力。     

Simulation of hydrodynamic performance of drag and double reverse propeller podded propulsors

The unsteady performance of drag and double reverse propeller podded propulsors in open water was numerically simulated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. A moving mesh method was used to more realistically simulate propulsor working conditions, and the thrust, torque, and lateral force coefficients of both propulsors were compared and analyzed. Forces acting on different parts of the propulsors along with the flow field distribution of steady and unsteady results at different advance coefficients were compared. Moreover, the change of the lateral force and the difference between the abovementioned two methods were mainly analyzed. It was shown that the thrust and torque results of both methods were similar, with the lateral force results having the highest deviation     

新型船舶运动控制平台及海上试验

研制出一艘以水动力学相似准则缩尺的无人驾驶遥控模型船，模型船装有PC／104为主控计算机的船舶控制器，模型船由岸上主PC机遥控，用Honeywell公司的HMR3000碰罗经测量航导，用差分GPS系统定位，自主控制和推进，该遥控篡自治船舶运动控制已经进行了两次海上试验并取得成功，本文介绍该平台的系统设计，控制系统硬件和软件和海上试验经。     

耙吸挖泥船多信息融合疏浚自动寻优方法研究

以耙吸挖泥船为应用背景,提出了为提高挖泥船疏浚效率而实现自动寻优的方法.在介绍挖泥船疏浚自动寻优基本功能的基础上,重点阐述了系统的软硬件构成和实现自动寻优的技术原理、特点、方法和流程,给出了具体的实施效果.航浚"1003"轮、"4011"轮和"4012"轮的实船应用表明,该技术方案使耙吸挖泥船的施工实现了集成化和智能化,疏浚效率平均提高22%.