基于加速度区间判断的坡道识别方法

介绍了坡道识别的原理;在功率谱分析的基础上,设计了纵向加速度滤波算法,通过比较汽车在坡道上行驶时用加速度传感器测得的加速度数值与汽车纵向速度经差分后获得的加速度数值之间的差异,进行了基于加速度区间判断的坡道识别方法研究;完成了水平道路的加速度比较试验和坡道识别的实车试验,并在此基础上进行了基于坡道识别的换挡规律设计。实车试验结果表明:该方法能够进行坡道识别,并具有简单、实用、高效的优点;这种基于行驶环境识别的控制是未来汽车控制技术发展的方向。     

应用概率密度函数改进汽车零部件质量

汽车生产企业通过持续改善不断追求顾客满意,如何高效、低成本、高度一致地使汽车零部件满足要求,是汽车生产企业非常关注的课题。GB2828判断批产品是否合格的方法已经无法满足本文的改善要求,通过运用正态分布概率密度函数的方法用小样本计算批不合格率,快速、有效地进行了质量改进,该方法适用于绝大多数汽车零部件的一致符合性判断和质量改进。     

电磁制动器长坡制动温度场的分析

电磁制动器是应用于拖车上的一种新型制动器,保证其下长坡时制动性能的稳定性非常重要。通过分析电磁制动器的工作原理,确定电磁体的主要磨损部位,采用ANSYS对电磁体各部位的温度场进行分析,并通过试验加以验证,得出结论：在长坡制动工况下,由于对流散热的作用,电磁体铁芯和填充材料是温度较高的区域,上壳体温度相对较低。     

压电陶瓷的轿车车身板件振动主动控制

压电陶瓷是一种典型且应用广泛的新型智能材料,能改善汽车振动主动控制效果。文章以压电陶瓷为作动执行元件,设计了自适应神经网络控制系统,并进行了仿真分析、四边简支矩形薄板振动主动控制试验以及轿车车身板件的振动主动控制试验与研究。结果表明,以压电陶瓷为执行元件的自适应神经网络控制能够取得较好的减振效果,这不仅有助于现有轿车振动和噪声主动控制技术问题的解决,而且为其它类似应用提供了参考。     

Crash protection of Hybrid Electrical Vehicles for amending the KMVSS No. 91

This paper explores issues related to the electrical safety of Hybrid Electrical Vehicles (HEVs) during and after various crash events. Japanese and American federal regulations regarding occupant protection against high voltages in Electric Vehicles (EVs) and HEVs were surveyed and analyzed in this study. Front, side and rear impact tests for two types of HEVs were conducted to investigate electrolyte spillage, the retention of the propulsion battery system and the electrical isolation of the occupant. The test results met the related criteria. The test procedures and the criteria for occupant protection established through this study were amended to Korean Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (KMVSS) No. 91 to add the crash protection of the EVs and the HEVs.     

Development of electrostatic diesel particulate matter filtration systems combined with a metallic Flow-Through Filter and electrostatic methods

A 3000 cc diesel engine attached to an engine dynamo was used to test three newly developed electrostatic Diesel Particulate matter filtration Systems (DPS 1, 2, and 3) under four steady-state engine operating conditions: idle, 2000 rpm with no load, and 2000 rpm under 25% and 50% loads. Of the two developed alternatives, DPS 1 and DPS 2, DPS 2 comprises an ionization section, electrostatic field additional section and Flow-Through Filter (FTF), which achieved almost 90% removal of particulate matter (PM) under the engine’s operating conditions, and the efficiency of the FTF was maintained between 20% and 50%. Comparing the long-term performance of DPS 2 and DPS 3 (effectively a serial combination of two DPS 2s) with a commercially-available Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF), the DPS 2 and DPS 3 achieved almost the same efficiency for removing PM as the DPF but had significantly improved (75%∼90% lower) differential pressure drops.     

Parameter matchin and optimization for a hydraulic power-assistant system

A hydraulic power-assist system is a hydraulic regeneration system that can significantly improve fuel economy when installed on a conventional bus operating in urban traffic. This paper presents a methodology for matching a new hydraulic power-assist system (HPA) to a conventional bus. The HPA and the conventional bus were modeled using the AMESim environment. The HPA was optimized using a simulation-based orthogonal design method with two indexes, the fuel economy and the acceleration performance. According to the simulation results, the volume of the accumulator was the primary factor affecting fuel economy, and the gear ratio of the transfer case was the primary factor influencing the acceleration performance. As a result, tradeoffs between the two indexes are required for a practical operational scenario. Experimental results demonstrated that the optimal HPA installed on a conventional bus was able to satisfy the acceleration performance requirement of the vehicle and also reduced fuel consumption by 25 percent.     

Fault detection method for electric parking brake (EPB) systems with sensorless estimation using current ripples

A fault detection method with parity equations is proposed in this paper. Due to its low cost implementation, the velocity of the motor is not measurable in electric parking brake (EPB) systems. Therefore, residuals are not reliable when estimating the motor velocity with a low-resolution encoder. In this paper, we propose a fault detection method with sensorless estimation using current ripples that estimates the position and velocity of the motor by detecting periodical oscillations of the armature current caused by rotor slots. In addition, this method can estimate the position and velocity of the motor with less computational effort than a state observer. Moreover, the method is less sensitive to motor parameters than model-based estimation methods. The effectiveness of this method is validated with experimental data, and the simulation results show that various faults have their own residual patterns. Therefore, we can detect the presence of faults by monitoring the residual signals.     

Approximations to the magic formula

Pacejka’s tire model is widely used and well-known by the automotive engineering community. The magic formula describes the brake force, side force and self-aligning torque in terms of the longitudinal slip and slip angle, plus several corrections. This paper uses approximation theory to obtain different types of approximations to the magic formula: rational functions (RA) resulting from the Remez algorithm, expansions in a series of Chebyshev polynomials (ACh), a series of Chebyshev rational polynomials (ARChPs), a series of rational orthogonal functions (ORF) and a series of ARChPs that result from grade-1 ORFs. The last expansion shows the fastest convergence and most effective computation. Jacobi rational polynomials can also be obtained to complement this expansion and facilitate fine-tuning in specific areas of the error curve. This work is complemented by obtaining the original rational approximations to the inverse tangent function, which take advantage of the curve symmetry to reduce the computation load and provide models that include the influence of the vertical load. The convergence properties of the development in series and the error values resulting from numeric examples for the three types of stress are shown. The proposed final ARChP expressions show very low error (1%) compared to the original magic formula. They can be computed 20 times faster; they can be evaluated, derived and integrated analytically easily; and their coefficients can be obtained from tests using common least-squares algorithms.     

Design of power split transmission: Design of dual mode power split transmission

The power split type hybrid system transmits engine power by dividing it into the electrical unit and the mechanical unit. Its power transmission efficiency is highest at the mechanical point (MP), where the full power is transmitted to the mechanical unit. In this study, the equation for the MP was derived for the gear ratios of a general 4-node lever model. The MP characteristics for the transmission ratio (TR) of the input split and compound split structures were examined using the equation derived. Using the examined input split and compound split structures, a systematic design method for the dual mode power split transmission was proposed. In the dual mode power split transmission, the MP could be positioned at the desired TR, and the input split and compound split modes could be selectively used according to the clutch combination, which leads to the operation of the vehicle within a high system efficiency range.