天津集中台列车运行阶段计划自动调整

针对列车调度指挥系统在开通天津集中台的过程中，出现的列车运行阶段计划调整方案不能满足调度指挥要求的问题，研究天津集中台列车运行阶段计划自动调整方案。天津集中台管辖车站多，车站间环状相连，连接方向多，列车走行径路有300多条。为此，建立以列车优先级别、列车追踪间隔时间、列车区间运行时分、列车起停车附加时分、车站股道接车能力、旅客列车最早发车时间和列车固定停站时间为约束条件，以列车加权晚点总时间最小为目标函数的调整模型。采用动态规化算法进行求解，设计相应的算法步骤，并以天津集中台天津（临时）至下直通场间的车站为例进行验证。计算结果表明：采用上述模型和求解算法进行列车阶段计划调整，能够快速给出列车运行阶段计划的调整方案。该方法在天津集中台已经得到了应用。     

白云山隧道渗漏水整治技术

宜万铁路白云山隧道采用丙凝灌浆法和无管孔腔法相结合治理渗漏水，一次处理成功，保证了后期隧道的运营安全及使用寿命。此文总结了该施工工艺的施工要点和注意事项，对同类工程具有借鉴意义。     

长三角港口资源整合模式

分析国外区域港口资源整合模式,得出区域港口资源整合模式的对应规律,进而对长三角港口目前整合模式进行剖析,认为上海港、苏州港、宁波-舟山港都在朝着政府主导紧密型资源整合模式推进,指出长三角港口资源整合应跳出区划限制、实现一体化发展,并给出实施政府主导联盟型港口一体化模式的初步构想.     

城轨车辆客室侧顶板气动撑杆的设计

作为客室侧顶板开闭的辅助装置,气动撑杆在城轨车辆上的应用越来越广泛。然而,气动撑杆固定支点位置的确定和主要技术参数的选择一直是设计的难点。从侧顶板的开闭过程机理入手,通过力学和运动学分析,摸索出了气动撑杆的设计准则,并通过辅助几何建模和计算的方法,快速地确定出气动撑杆的固定支点位置和主要技术参数。通过设计实例对设计方法进行了验证。     

机油清洁度铁谱分析检测方法研究

提出了便于在国内推广应用的机油清洁度铁谱分析检测方法。介绍了谱片的制作与污染颗粒的检测和统计方法，给出了污染颗粒等效直径的计算公式，为实现机械设备运用机油清洁度质量管理提供了有用的工具。     

基于ANSYS的钢筋混凝土构件裂缝宽度计算方法

以大型通用有限元计算软件ANSYS为平台,建立了荷载作用下钢筋混凝土构件裂缝宽度的一种计算方法。采用ANSYS中的Solid 65单元模拟混凝土,Link 8单元模拟钢筋,三维非线性弹簧单元Combine 39模拟钢筋-混凝土界面的粘结滑移关系,将Houde提出的钢筋-混凝土间的粘结滑移本构模型引入ANSYS中以确定Combine 39弹簧单元的荷载-位移关系式。此外,在现有混凝土裂缝宽度计算方法的基础上,推导出适用于有限元分析的裂缝宽度计算公式,并应用ANSYS软件提供的二次开发工具——参数化编程语言(APDL)编制程序,在ANSYS后处理中实现混凝土构件裂缝宽度的计算功能。算例分析表明,与现有方法相比,该方法能更准确地计算各级荷载作用下钢筋混凝土构件的裂缝宽度。     

个人所得税调节作用的问题及对策

在调节个人收入差距、实现社会公平功能的税收调控体系中，个人所得税是最核心的税种之一。但从收入差距持续增大、贫富悬殊越来越严重的现实情况看，我国现行个人所得税法调节个人收入作用的效果难以令人满意。在实际征收中“贫富倒挂”，中低收入者成了个人所得税的主要纳税群体，高收入者偷税现象严重。造成这种状况既有个人所得税法律制度本身不完善的原因，也有征管执法不力的原因，因此亟待改革和完善。以下拟对个人所得税调节效果不理想的成因及今后改善的方向进行分析。     

Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis

To evaluate the clinical outcome, effectiveness and safety of the surgical management of traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with short segmental instrumentation fixation. A retrospective review of a consecutive series of 24 patients with traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis treated with TLIF procedure was carried out. Intraoperative spinal cord monitoring was used to confirm the peripheral neural function intact during the reduction of the spondylolisthesis. Preoperative clinical and radiographic evaluation of all cases were originally collected prospectively. Data regarding blood loss, operative time, duration of hospital stay, radiographic fusion, instrumentation failure and clinical result were collected and observed at regular follow-up periods. All patients were engaged in high-energy accidents in the lower back and 16 patients had concomitant injuries. The mean operative time was 124 min, mean blood loss was 350 mL, and mean hospital stay was 6.5 days. There were no complications such as incision infection, cerebrospinal fluide (CSF) leakage and nerve root injury and so on. All patients demonstrated a solid lumbar interbody fusion within 4 months, and no evidence of spondylolisthesis correction loss, instrumentation failure and loosing. They all were completely asymptomatic, with normal neurologic findings, and had resumed their previous level of physical activities on the final follow-up. Meticulous clinical examination and careful imaging assessment could assist an early diagonosis in cases of traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis. Performing open reduction and the TLIF procedure as soon as possible could restore segmental stability and painless function. The TLIF procedure was a safe, effective technique to treat traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis.     

Access control policies without inside queues: Their properties and public policy implications

An access control policy that eliminates all queues beyond the entry points to a network has obvious benefits, which include smooth travel and predictable travel times inside the network. Yet it has never been proven, to the best of our knowledge, whether excluding inside queues yields sub-optimal network performance or, in other words, allowing inside queues can actually further reduce the system travel cost. Moreover, it is not clear whether an optimal control policy derived from efficiency considerations can also be a fair policy to all road users. This paper provide answers to these questions in the context of a monocentric network. By analyzing the structure of the access control problem considering all feasible policies (with/without inside queues), we show that the minimal system cost realizable by access control can be obtained without directly solving a non-convex optimization program, and can indeed always be achieved by a control policy excluding all of the inside queues. These optimal policies are defined by a polyhedral set and a Finite Generation Algorithm can be applied to derive the analytical form of this set. The optimal policies are not unique in general, thus making it possible to achieve both minimal system cost and fairness simultaneously.     

“两轮摩托车和两轮轻便摩托车照明和光信号装置的安装规定”标准浅析

新版GB 18100—2010《摩托车照明和光信号装置的安装规定》分为3个部分:第1部分两轮摩托车;第2部分两轮轻便摩托车;第3部分三轮摩托车,其中第1、2部分于2011年1月10日发布、2012年1月1日实施。本文主要讨论GB 18100—2010第1、2部分与前版标准的区别,与欧标ECE R53—2006、ECE R74—2007在技术