小型直喷式柴油机燃用生物质能燃料的性能研究

文章主要研究了生物质能混合燃料在柴油机上的应用,通过在一台小型直喷式柴油机上进行不同组分柴油-生物柴油-乙醇混合燃料的燃烧、油耗和排放性能对比试验,分析了乙醇含量的改变对混合燃料的发动机燃烧压力、滞燃期、放热规律、比油耗和排放的影响．     

客运专线轨道板悬臂门吊起升机构设计

针对京津城际轨道交通工程博格轨道板铺设过程中要求精确对位和平整度微调的要求,介绍了悬臂门吊起升机构总体结构型式的确定、起升机构采用的“四点起吊三点平衡”技术及起重小车和吊具结构形式的确定。实践证明,博格板门吊起升机构技术性能指标达到设计要求,大大提高了施工工效。     

体外预应力技术的发展与应用

随着预应力技术的发展,体外预应力技术越来越被工程上重视。文章介绍了体外预应力技术的体系,体外预应力技术在桥梁上的应用及其优缺点和体外预应力桥梁的特点,并对体外预应力技术前景进行了展望。     

山区高速公路涵洞设计施工问题的探讨

对朝赤高速公路涵洞设计及施工过程中的一些关键技术问题进行探讨.     

A data model applied to the knowledge-based ICAS

Image-guided computer aided surgery system (ICAS) contributes to safeness and success of surgery operations by means of displaying anatomical structures and showing correlative information to surgeons in the process of operation. Based on analysis of requirements for ICAS, a new concept of clinical knowledge-based ICAS was proposed. Designing a reasonable data structure model is essential for realizing this new concept. The traditional data structure is limited in expressing and reusing the clinical knowledge such as locating an anatomical object, topological relations of anatomical objects and correlative clinical attributes. A data structure model called mixed adjacency lists by octree-path-chain (MALOC) was outlined, which can combine patient's images with clinical knowledge, as well as efficiently locate the instrument and search the objects' information. The efficiency of data structures was analyzed and experimental results were given in comparison to other traditional data structures. The result of the nasal surgery experiment proves that MALOC is a proper model for clinical knowledge-based ICAS that has advantages in not only locating the operative instrument precisely but also proving surgeons with real-time operation-correlative information. It is shown that the clinical knowledge-based ICAS with MALOC model has advantages in terms of safety and success of surgical operations, and help in accurately locating the operative instrument and providing operation-correlative knowledge and information to surgeons in the process of operations.     

The role of interleukin-8 produced by tumor induced fibroblasts in the development of cutaneous melanoma

Objective To determine the role of interleukin-8 (IL-8) produced by tumor induced fibroblasts in the development of cutaneous melanoma. Methods B16 melanoma cells induced L929 fibroblasts phenotype was transdifferentiated to myofibroblasts (MF) by co-culture in vitro. MF was monitored by morphology and immunophenotype for a-SMA. The level of IL-8 was detected by ELISA. The effect on B16 cell proliferation rate was estimated using MIT method in vitro. Melanoma implanting model was constructed in C57 mice. Results L929 MF phenotype could be modulated by B16 melanoma cells-derived transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and elevated the levels of IL-8. L929 MF did not influence the B16 melanoma cells viability in vitro, but shortened the time of tumor formation and increased the incidence rates of tumors in C57 implanting model mice. Conclusion Fibroblasts can be activated by tumor cells and produce IL-8, which acts as an inflammatory cytokine promoting the development of cutaneous melanoma.     

正常绒毛和葡萄胎中Mel-CAM标记中间型滋养细胞的增殖情况

目的探讨葡萄胎中Mel-CAM与滋养细胞黏附、浸润之间的关系以及Mel-CAM标记中间型滋养细胞(IT)的增殖情况。方法采用双重免疫组化法,检测Mel-CAM标记IT的Ki-67表达情况。结果葡萄胎中Mel-CAM表达较正常绒毛明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);葡萄胎绒毛表面有Mel-CAM标记IT出现,而正常绒毛表面则无;葡萄胎组织中IT的Ki-67指数较正常绒毛明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论葡萄胎绒毛表面有Mel-CAM表达,表现出双重分化方向,这可能与葡萄胎的发病机制有关;检测葡萄胎组织中IT的Ki-67指数对于预测葡萄胎的转归有潜在的价值。     

脑弥漫性轴索损伤实验装置的研制及动物模型的建立

目的 自制一种脑弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)装置并成功建立DAI动物模型.方法 自制头颅瞬间旋转损伤装置,使大鼠头颅在瞬间(<3ms)旋转90°造成剪切损伤.观察损伤后大鼠的生命体征及行为学改变;于伤后2、6、12、24、36、72h及10d分别处死损伤组动物,制备脑石蜡切片,行镀银及HE染色,光镜下观察神经轴索变化.结果 伤后大鼠均即刻出现原发昏迷,其中2只于损伤后20min内死亡,余持续时间1-30min不等;伤后大鼠呼吸节律紊乱,瞳孔对光反射减弱或消失,醒后均有程度不等的反应性下降,肢体活动迟缓;肉眼可见广泛蛛网膜下腔出血或脑室出血;光镜下可见皮髓交界区、胼胝体区、脑干、小脑白质等部位的神经轴索有不同程度的肿胀、断裂、轴索球形成,后期有小胶质细胞增生,局部呈巢样聚集.结论 本装置能造成大鼠脑DAI,且具有简便、可控、确切的特点,适合进行中、小型动物DAI模型的实验研究.     

城市轨道交通客运服务标准编制研究

城市轨道交通客运服务标准应主要针对乘客的需求而制定,是当前需要优先制定的服务业标准之一。通过对城市轨道交通客运服务及特性进行分析,结合国际相关服务标准以及我国现行的服务标准及标准化模式,提出了“以人为本”、系统性和与国际接轨的标准编制原则。乘客乘车是一个按时间顺序的活动过程,沿乘客乘车时间次序展开服务次序,是标准编制的重要技术方法。确定城市轨道交通客运服务内容是城市轨道交通客运服务标准编制的一项主要任务。在借鉴国外先进服务标准理念的基础上,通过轨道交通客运服务质量和从乘客实际需求出发来规范服务内容。最后,对乘客相应权益的规定做了说明。     

墩梁固结法在山区桥梁的应用

山区普通公路上的桥梁,具有高墩、小跨径的特点.为满足高墩的抗推要求,将高桥墩和主梁固结是一种有效的方法.文章结合百色水利枢纽库区道路复建工程中的大琶屯交通桥、者仙屯交通桥,通过对不同结构体系的对比,讨论墩梁固结结构的力学特性和经济性.