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An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Beach Management in the Catalan Coast (North-Western Mediterranean)
This article presents a comprehensive analysis of beach management in the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean) by introducing and integrating results from different partial projects. They analyzed the legal, political, and administrative framework of beach management, the quality tools available, the practices of management, the processes of beach use, and beach waste/litter dynamics. The information obtained served to create a new beach management tool referred to as the Beach Quality Index, which was developed by an interdisciplinary team of academics from the natural/physical sciences and social sciences that worked together during the course of four years. Information obtained from users and key stakeholders served to create the index. The study demonstrated that as a consequence of the shortcomings in the legal and administrative system as well as inadequate practices of beach managers, beach management in the area experiences coordination problems, insufficient information and lack of proactive management, pollution, and in general problems associated with the satisfaction of short-term user demands. 相似文献
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José María López Felipe Jiménez Francisco Aparicio Nuria Flores 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2009,14(1):1-5
Due to growing concerns about NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions from diesel engines, stricter regulations are being introduced requiring advanced emission control technology. In response the diesel industry has begun testing various emission control technologies and applying them. To assess vehicle renewal policies of bus companies, two exhaust after-treatment technologies are compared: the combination of a diesel particulate filter and an exhaust gas re-circulation system and the combination of a selective catalytic reduction and urea. On-board emission measurements were conducted under real-world driving conditions on a specific bus route in the city of Madrid. 相似文献
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CNR国际负责一段穿过1250米深的海底峡谷的输气管线(宽6英寸),这段管线从Baobab的海上油气浮船一直到西非的Espoir的主管线出口 相似文献
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Anthony Snider Shanhong Luo Jeffery Hill Robert Buerger Jim Herstine Hope Sutton 《Coastal management》2013,41(5):540-558
During the period May 25–October 28, 2007, we collected data in face-to-face interviews on four sites in the North Carolina Research Reserve system. We subsequently conducted analyses on the effects of education, income, length of visitation, and frequency of visitation on visitor knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes regarding management. Visitors to the sites were well-educated, listed incomes above the state median, and were racially homogeneous. At the overall level, the majority (63%) knew who owned the sites, but only 43% correctly identified the managing agency. The majority also believed that overall conditions at the sites were stable, although those that had been visiting longer perceived conditions as deteriorating. Education was positively correlated with knowledge of ownership and management, and with support for additional rules and enforcement. Neither income, nor frequency of visitation showed any correlation with any of the dependent variables at the overall level. Some site-specific findings differed from the overall findings and varied from site to site. These differences were addressed individually. 相似文献
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C. Sánchez-Rebollo J.R. Jiménez-Octavio 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2015,53(3):392-401
This paper presents a detailed overview of CANDY, a catenary–pantograph dynamic interaction software. Authors describe the main key points of the formulation, focusing on its time-integration scheme, the pantograph and contact models as well as the solution of the initial equilibrium problem. Nonetheless one of the most important features of CANDY is its moving finite element mesh, which enables accurate results without excessive computational cost. The validation of the model against the European Standard EN 50318 and some conclusions and comments about the results of the benchmark are also included. 相似文献
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Felipe Jiménez Francisco Aparicio Gonzalo Estrada 《Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies》2009,17(3):225-239
Digital maps can provide support for numerous advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) aimed at improving road safety. These new uses require more highly detailed and precise maps. The use of a datalog vehicle to collect roadway geometry data can fulfil these specifications. This paper presents fast, accurate measurement with an on-board inertial system together with a method to evaluate measurement uncertainty, particularly for any variables obtained indirectly. It also presents an algorithm for segmentation and fitting geometric curves to the experimental points, following current highway design standards. The algorithms have been applied to real road measurements. Segmentation has been done in straight alignments, circular curves and transition curves whose characteristic parameters are calculated. It has been seen that with a very small data set it is possible to reconstruct the measured geometry with few discrepancies regarding the experimental points. 相似文献
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水泥混凝土路面传力杆相关问题的研究综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
水泥混凝土路面接缝破坏为水泥路面的3大病害(断板、错台、接缝破坏)之一,解决的根本办法是在接缝处设置传力杆以提高接缝的荷载传递能力.该文对水泥混凝土路面横向缩缝设置传力杆的必要性进行了阐述,同时对传力杆/混凝土接触界面应力集中和传力杆锈蚀两大主要影响传力杆与路面功能的问题进行了分析,并且介绍了传力杆更换与加装技术.基于以上研究,最后对现行水泥混凝土路面设计规范中传力杆相关条文存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了修改与补充建议. 相似文献
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The paper deals with the observability problem in traffic networks, including route, origin?Cdestination and link flows, based on number plate scanning and link flow observations. A revision of the main observability concepts and methods is done using a small network. Starting with the full observability of the network based only on number plate scanning on some links, the number of scanned links is reduced and replaced by counted link flows, but keeping the full observability of all flows in the network. In this way, the cost can be substantially reduced. To this end, several methods are given and discussed, and two small and one real case of networks are used to illustrate the proposed methodologies. Finally, some conclusions and final recommendations are included. 相似文献