船舶适航性的模糊综合评价

根据安全评价理论、风险评估理论,通过专家调查方式确定^了影响船舶适航性的评价指标并按照重要程度进行分类.采用判断矩阵法计算评价指标的权重,运用模糊集合理论确定隶属函数,进而建立数学模型实现了对船舶适航性的模糊综合评价.该评价模式为政府部门、航运公司、金融保险机构科学客观地评价船舶适航性提供了量化依据,便于其根据船舶适航性采取相应工作措施,节约管理成本.进行了实际验证.结果表明该评价模型及其评价结果与实际情况基本吻合.     

Effects of valve timing and intake flow motion control on combustion and time-resolved HC & NOx formation characteristics

In SI engines, valve events have a major influence on volumetric efficiency, fuel economy and exhaust emissions. Moreover, swirl and tumble motions in the intake charge also improve combustion speed and quality by stratifying the mixture as well as intensifying the mixing rate of air and fuel. This paper investigates the behaviors of an engine and the combustion phenomenon for various intake valve timings and intake charge motions using CVVT system and port masking schemes. Test condition includes a part load and a cold idle condition inclusive of a cold start of the engine. Time-resolved HC and NOx emissions were also measured at an exhaust port to examine their formation mechanisms and behaviors with fast response HC/NOx analyzers. In conclusion, the fast burning of fuel and improved combustion quality by enhanced charge motions reduced unburned HC emissions, and advancing the intake valve opening reduced HC as well as NOx. Furthermore, HCs during the cold transient phase and idle conditions decreased with recalibrated start parameters such as lean air-fuel ratio and spark retardation via the enhancement of intake charge motions.     

汽车用Fe-Mn-C系TWIP钢的性能研究

从两个方面研究了汽车用Fe-Mn-C系TWIP钢,一方面从生产工艺上,研究了退火热处理工艺对力学性能的影响,探讨了其工业生产的可行性;另一方面通过原位拉伸试验观察其变形过程中微观组织的变化,探讨了其高强度高塑性的微观机理.研究表明TWIP钢在拉伸变形过程中出现了多种变形机理的相互协调,即滑移带变形、孪生变形和切变带变形在不同的变形阶段起主导作用,因而使TWIP钢兼备高强度和高塑性.     

多种型式肋骨加强的耐压圆柱壳体结构稳定性研究

耐压圆柱壳体通常采用环肋加强以提高其在静水外压作用下的结构稳定性.文中在理论分析和实例计算的基础上对多种型式肋骨加强的耐压圆柱壳体的稳定性进行了比较,比较结果表明:在肋骨用材总量相同的情况下,通过合理选择肋骨型式或合理设计肋骨尺寸,使其面内惯性矩增大,可以较大幅度地提高耐压圆柱壳体的总体失稳压力;相邻两肋之间净距离较小的肋骨,可以较大幅度地提高肋间壳板的稳定性.     

建成环境对步行和自行车出行的影响--以波哥大为例

哥伦比亚波哥大以可持续的城市交通系统闻名,包括其密集的自行车道网络以及Ciclovía系统——为骑车者和行人预留的道路空间,可在星期日和节假日休闲出行使用。探讨此类设施以及建成环境的其他属性——城市密度、混合用地、可达性以及与公共交通车站的距离——如何影响步行和自行车出行行为以及Ciclovía的使用。结果表明,道路设施设计要素例如道路密度、连通性、与Ciclovía车道的距离,与体力活动相关;而建成环境的其他属性如密度和用地混合程度,对体力活动影响甚微。这可能是由于波哥大建成区的大部分街区均在非机动交通出行占绝对优势的时期演变发展——紧凑、用地混合、交通可达性水平相似。由此可见,影响非机动交通出行的因素是设施设计而非一般的街区用地属性。     

深汕西高速公路浸水路段路基稳定性的评估

借助室内试验、可靠度分析和有限元技术,采用Duncan-Chang非线性本构关系,建立了土性参数随机场模型,对深汕西高速公路浸水路段路基的稳定性进行了评估。评估得出的结论与现场监测反馈的结果相一致,从而证实了采用非线性摄动随机有限元法评估浸水路段路基稳定性可靠度是可行的,可供今后类似的工程处理提供借鉴。     

一种基于分区段模式土工加筋拉伸应变分析方法

桩承式加筋路堤在软土地基道路工程中的应用越来越广泛,在对该复合体系中的水平土工加筋进行等效兜提作用的薄膜效应评价时,传统研究方法主要存在2点不足:一是在进行加筋体受力分析时对筋材的区段工作模式的区分还不够明确,这不利于定量刻画筋层的拉伸应变分布和大小及其受挠曲形态变化的影响;二是多数加筋拉应变分析方法以基于筋材净跨挠曲...     

内源性哇巴因在原发性肾病综合征发病中的作用

采用敏感性、特异性均较高的特异性抗哇巴因抗体酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ法）对２０例肾功正常的原发性肾病综合征患者血清内源性哇巴因（Ｅｎｄｏｇｅ－ｎｏｕｓｏｕａｂａｉｎ,ＥＯ）水平进行测定。发现肾功正常的原发性肾病综合征患者血清ＥＯ水平显著高于正常对照组,有高血压的肾病综合征患者血清ＥＯ水平显著高于无高血压组。结果表明ＥＯ在原发性肾病综合征的发生发展及肾性高血压的产生和维持中起一定作用。     

The motion analysis of fire video images based on moment features and flicker frequency

In this paper, motion analysis methods based on the moment features and flicker frequency features for early fire flame from ordinary CCD video camera were proposed, and in order to describe the changing of flame and disturbance of non-flame phenomena further more, the average changing pixel number of the first-order moments of consecutive flames has been defined in the moment analysis as well. The first-order moments of all kinds of flames used in our experiments present irregularly flickering, and their average changing pixel numbers of first-order moments are greater than fire-like disturbances. For the analysis of flicker frequency of flame, which is extracted and calculated in spatial domain, and therefore it is computational simple and fast. The method of extracting flicker frequency from video images is not affected by the catalogues of combustion material and distance. In experiments, we adopted two kinds of flames, i.e. , fixed flame and movable flame. Many comparing and disturbing experiments were done and verified that the methods can be used as criteria for early fire detection.     

Multiple USV cooperative algorithm method for hunting intelligent escaped targets北大核心CSCD

[目的]针对无人艇协同围捕过程中逃跑目标具备智能性,现有无人艇策略难以围捕成功的问题,提出一种基于双层切换策略的多无人艇协同围捕算法。[方法]第1层围捕策略采用改进势点法,以无人艇与势点的总直线距离最小为优化目标,采用匈牙利算法为无人艇动态分配势点,并采用人工势场法实现无人艇的协同避碰;第2层围捕策略利用了阿波罗尼奥斯圆的性质,在两艘无人艇前往逃跑目标的目标点进行拦截,剩余无人艇运动方向保持与逃跑目标相同,以不断缩紧包围区域;为应对逃跑目标不同的逃跑方式,第1层围捕策略和第2层围捕策略可互相转化。[结果]仿真实验表明,该算法相较于顺序分配势点算法和极角分配势点算法,围捕时间更少或持平,证明了该算法的有效性和先进性。[结论]该多无人艇协同双层围捕算法,对具备典型智能性的逃跑目标具有围捕效果。