Experimental Study on Mechanical Behaviors of Prefabricated Column-Base Joint with Grouted Sleeves Connecting Longitudinal Reinforcements in Tunnels北大核心CSCD

In recent years, large shield tunnels with internal double-decked lanes have been developing rapidly in the field of highway tunnels, and prefabricated elements are increasingly adopted in internal structure. Based on the columns-base joint in Zhuguanglu tunnel, which is under construction, 2 full-scale specimens are designed for the quasi-static test, one specimen is connected with grout sleeve splicing and the other is cast in place. The test results show that: the bearing capacity of specimen with grout sleeve splicing is equal to that of cast-in-situ specimen, but its ductility and energy dissipation capacity are worse than that of the cast-in-situ specimen. And for the specimen with grout sleeve splicing, there exists crack concentration on the area above the sleeve. The crack width is too larger in this area. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Design and Practice of Cloud Computing Platform for TBM Operation Information北大核心CSCD

The problems of TBM construction data loss, information barriers and absence of data mining have con⁃ strained the advancement of basic technologies in TBM field. Aimed at building a cloud computation platform for TBM operation information, a new concept of 3B, i. e. Born by digit, Born in format and Born to the cloud, was pre⁃ sented, the issues of information acquisition, transmission and storage during TBM operation were solved, and massive heterogeneous information intelligent transmission system and big data warehouse of TBM group were established. A structure model of cloud computation platform was designed by taking Hadoop system as ecosphere, and a cloud computation platform was built to deploy related algorithm, realizing on-line monitoring and data sharing, further⁃ more the data law mining of interaction of rock mass versus TBM machine was conducted based on big data tech⁃ nique, exploring the development direction of the information platform. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

The Dependency of People on the Great Barrier Reef,Australia

Understanding how people are dependent on Large Scale Marine Protected Areas (LSMPAs) is important for understanding how people might be sensitive to changes that affect these seascapes. We review how resource dependency is conceptualized and propose that it be broadened to include cultural values such as pride in resource status, scientific heritage, appreciation of aesthetics, biodiversity, and lifestyle opportunities. We provide an overview of how local residents (n = 3,181 face-to-face surveys), commercial fishers (n = 210, telephone surveys), and tourism operators (n = 119 telephone surveys) are potentially dependent on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), a region currently experiencing significant environmental, social, and economic change. We found that commercial fishers and tourism operators were dependent not only financially on the GBR, but also because of their age, years in the industry and region, lack of education, and the number of dependents. These stakeholders lacked flexibility to secure alternative employment. All stakeholder groups, regardless of economic imperatives, were dependent on the GBR because of their cultural connections. We propose that resource dependency also provides an umbrella concept to describe the cultural services provided by an ecosystem, which can be described through place-based dependence and place-identity.     

刚架拱桥的检测与承载能力评定

对某缺失资料的刚架拱桥进行了病害调查、无损检测及荷载试验,重点对荷载试验进行了分析.通过对结构加载模拟分析、加载等级与方式的确定、变形和自振频率的实测与分析,表明该桥的承载能力不满足规定的荷载等级,且动力性能较差,需要进行加固维修.此方法为该类桥梁的维护使用和加固改造提供参考.     

既有铁路桥梁声屏障的高速列车脉动风致响应

采用SAP2000有限元软件,建立了既有桥梁声屏障的有限元模型,混凝土插板与H型钢立柱之间的连接采用位移和转角弹簧模拟.探讨了脉动力采用多点输入和一致输入,跨度16,24和32 m的铁路桥梁声屏障的动力响应,分析了声屏障的位移峰值、弯矩峰值和动力放大系数的分布特征.结果表明,常用跨度铁路桥梁声屏障的行波效应系数均小于1;声屏障立柱的位移和挑梁弯矩的最大值随桥梁跨度增大而减小;声屏障挑梁刚度过小,跨度16 m的铁路桥梁声屏障立柱的最大位移达15.5 mm.     

同相牵引供电系统平衡补偿的最优模型

为消除同相牵引供电系统中的三相不平衡、滤除谐波、补偿无功,讨论了平衡变换的两种最优补偿模型:以波形质量最优为目标的波形畸变最小模型和以获得最佳负载为目标的最佳负载模型.通过仿真分析了系统电压畸变时两种补偿模型的补偿效果.结果表明,波形畸变最小模型使系统只提供负载所需要的基波有功电流,最佳负载模型将不对称的单相负载变成三相(或两相或四相)对称纯阻性负载.在三相系统电压对称无谐波时,两者补偿特性一致;当三相系统电压不对称有谐波时,两者补偿特性有区别.     

苦参碱对人卵巢癌细胞增殖的影响及其机制

目的 研究苦参碱(matrine)体外培养的人卵巢癌细胞OV2008增殖的影响及相关机制.方法 采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测不同浓度(0、0.125、0.25、0.5、1.0,2.0、4.0 mg/mL)的苦参碱在不同的时间点(24、48、72 h)对OV2008细胞增殖的影响;采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测不同浓度的苦参碱作用于OV2008细胞48 h后细胞周期分布、凋亡率及Fas、Bcl-2蛋白的表达水平.结果 苦参碱对OV2008细胞的增殖具有明显的抑制作用,与对照组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),并呈现时间和剂量依赖性;细胞周期分析显示,随着苦参碱浓度的增高,G0/G1期细胞比例逐渐增加,S期细胞比例减小,G2/M期细胞比例无明显变化;苦参碱能够诱导细胞凋亡,且凋亡率随着苦参碱浓度的增高而升高(P<0.01);苦参碱能够上调Fas蛋白的表达(P<0.05或P<0.01),下调Bcl-2蛋白的表达(P<0.01).结论 苦参碱可显著抑制OV2008细胞的增殖,且抑制作用晕剂量和时间依赖性.苦参碱对OV2008细胞的增殖抑制作用可能与其诱导细胞周期阻滞及凋亡有关,而苦参碱诱导凋亡可能与其上调Fas蛋白表达、下调Bcl-2蛋白表达有关.     

Dynamics of inorganic nutrient species in the Bohai seawaters

Within the frame of a Sino-German Joint Research Program, two cruises of “R/V Dong Fang Hong 2” were carried out in September–October 1998 and April–May 1999, respectively, to understand the dynamics of nutrients in the Bohai. Nutrient species (NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, NH₄⁺, PO₄³⁻ and SiO₃²⁻) are determined colorimetrically on board for five anchor and 30 grid stations. In situ incubation experiments are performed to determine planktonic nutrient uptake and benthic exchange flux. Nutrient concentrations display short-term variability and seasonal change in the Bohai, with higher levels in shallow coastal waters than in the Central Bohai. The influence of riverine discharge on nutrient levels can be seen from salinity isopleths, nutrient distribution and species ratios. Near-bottom (nb) waters have similar nutrient concentrations as to the surface waters in the Central Bohai, whereas stratification takes place in the Bohai Strait and North Yellow Sea. In situ incubation experiments provide evidence that the uptake ratio (i.e. N, P) by phytoplankton is proportional to the ratios among nutrient species in ambient waters. Based on the data of this study and previously publications, a preliminary estimate of nutrient budgets via riverine input and atmospheric deposition is established. The results indicate that atmospheric deposition gains importance over rivers in delivering nutrients into the Bohai and sustain the new production, following recent decrease in riverine inflow caused by drought periods in North China and damming practices. A historical review of nutrient data indicates that concentrations of nitrogen increase and phosphorus and silica decrease in the Central Bohai over last 40 years. This potentially has an important influence on the health of ecosystem in Bohai (e.g. food web and community structure), though further study is needed to examine the scenario in more detail.     

Calculation of strain amplification matrix for strain invariant failure theory based on representative volume element models with periodical boundary condition

Strain invariant failure theory (SIFT) is a micro-mechanics-based failure theory for multi-scale failure analysis of composite materials originally proposed by Gosse and Christensen. In this paper, the approach for obtaining strain amplification matrix which is a key step for the execution of SIFT is improved by adopting representative volume element (RVE) finite element models considering periodical boundary condition, based on which more actual deformation mode is reflected. The deformation modes and strain data at the characteristic points of the centroid cell of multi-cell RVE model are analyzed and taken as a reference. It can be concluded that more reasonable deformation mode and relationship between the micro-mechanical and macro-mechanical strain states are obtained by employing the new model. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the determination of strain amplification factors within the RVEs considering periodical boundary condition at the characteristic points.