a-N曲线的四参数方程拟合

用目前普遍采用的三参数方程对 5组裂纹扩展a N试验数据进行拟合时发现 ,该方程对裂纹扩展全过程试验数据的拟合精度不高 ,特别是当N接近断裂寿命时误差变得很大。为此 ,提出了四参数方程 ,将确定方程中未知参数的问题化为求多元函数极小点的数学规划问题 ,用四参数方程来拟合裂纹扩展全过程a N试验数据时可得到比三参数方程更好的拟合精度。     

210m下承式钢箱提篮系杆拱桥总体设计

武汉市左岸大道通顺河桥采用210 m下承式钢箱提篮系杆拱桥,为双向六车道带人非混行道的城市快速路桥梁.主拱采用提篮式钢箱拱,主梁采用"钢纵横格子梁+混凝土桥面板"式组合梁体系,主纵梁兼作刚性系梁,主纵梁箱内设置钢绞线柔性系杆索.主体结构采用顶推法施工.桥梁方案的设计构思可为类似工程提供参考.     

Factors associated with bicycle ownership and use: a study of six small U.S. cities

As a means of transportation and as a form of physical activity, bicycling generates benefits to the bicyclist as well as to the community as a whole. Bicycling now accounts for less than 1 percent of all trips for all purposes in the U.S., but evidence from other western countries suggests that under the right conditions, bicycling levels can be significantly higher. Indeed, the experiences of some U.S. cities suggest that it is possible to create conditions conducive to higher levels of bicycling even in the U.S. However, the extent to which bicycle investments have contributed to bicycling levels in these communities has not been rigorously assessed. The purpose of this study is to provide a better understanding of the determinants of bicycle ownership and use as a basis for identifying ways to promote bicycling. A cross-sectional study of six cities was designed to test the importance of bicycle infrastructure and other physical environment factors relative to individual factors and social environment factors, using a nested logit model to examine ownership and use decisions jointly. The results show strong effects of individual attitudes and physical and social environment factors on bicycle ownership and use.     

列车牵引系统网侧过流故障实时诊断与保护策略研究

目前机车和动车组牵引系统网侧过流故障存在诊断与保护方式单一且无法准确定位具体故障源的问题,因此提出了一种基于决策树模型的实时诊断方法:通过离线分析网侧过流故障的相关信号,得出其故障特征量并建立决策树模型;实时采集运行过程中的信号并计算其故障特征量,基于决策树模型来实现故障的准确定位;根据故障诊断结果采取不同保护策略,以实现故障的最优保护与隔离.现场测试结果表明,该方法简单有效,可实现对故障的实时诊断与最优保护,大幅提升列车可用性和智能化水平.     

某双幅双塔四索面矮塔斜拉桥混凝土箱梁局部早期收缩裂缝分析

以盐城市某矮塔斜拉桥主梁0号块施工过程中顶板出现裂缝为工程背景,采用三维有限元模拟和理论分析相结合的方式,对影响箱梁0号块早期裂缝的浇筑间隔龄期、后浇层厚度和钢筋混凝土线膨胀系数进行了分析.研究结果表明:箱梁0号块整体收缩应力较小,但顶板与横隔板和腹板交界处出现应力集中;分层浇筑龄期、后浇层厚度和线膨胀系数对顶板收缩效应影响较大,施工时必须加以考虑.     

小口径舰炮武器系统射击方式比较

针对水面舰艇近程反导的作战需求,比较分析了几种适用于小口径舰炮武器系统的射击体制,从使用方法、命中概率等角度分析了不同射击方式的使用时机,为小口径舰炮武器系统的作战使用提供参考。     

Virtually being there: Human aspects of shore-based ship assistance

Shore-based ship assistance is a topic that increasingly is attracting attention from the maritime community. Subjects such as shore-based pilotage and VTS are often discussed and there is technological and political pressure towards more extensive forms of such assistance. Perhaps less often mentioned, but not less important, is the human side of these subjects. The present paper examines two of the central concerns for the people who actually work within today’s VTS centers, namely communication and trust. The study consisted of a literature review, study visits, observations and interviews. Communication and trust are found to be closely related, and one main finding is that adapting one’s means of communication to the context can be a very powerful (and necessary) tool for the creation of trust. Another important result is that the ability of the shore-based operator to see the situation from the viewpoint of the crew is crucial for the creation and maintenance of trust.     

基于Zig-Zag模型夹层板平面波作用下声传输特性研究

基于Zig-Zag变形假定和板Mindlin一阶剪切理论,建立了复合材料夹层板有限元动力单元模型,分别对上下面板和芯体建立了3个独立坐标系,考虑各部分转角变量独立,为具有厚夹芯和软夹芯的复合材料夹层板的动力分析提供了一种更为准确的有限元模型.采用有限元/边界元方法,建立了嵌在无限大障板上板在简谐平面声波斜入射情况下声传输的计算模型.根据推导的模型编制计算机程序,针对典型结构较为详细地研究分析了芯板材料参数和厚度变化对结构动力特性的影响,并研究分析了夹层板芯层材料、芯层厚度和平面声波入射角度对传声损失的影响.     

Two Models of DMFC under Effects of Cathode Humidification Temperature and Anode Flow Rate

This paper introduced a novel self-adjustment of parameters of fuzzy neural networks. Then, the effects of cathode humidification temperature and anode flow rate on the performance of direct methanol fuel celI（DMFC） were described respectively. Two dynamic performance models of DMFC under the influences of cathode humidification temperature and anode flow rate were established separately based on fuzzy neural networks. The simulation results show the accuracy of the models established is satisfactory.     

长江航运现代化指标体系构建

分析长江航运现代化发展的必要性,阐述长江航运现代化的内涵和特征,以安全、高效、公正、和谐为基础设定长江航运现代化评价指标,并构建长江航运现代化评价指标体系。