基于Witness集装箱码头物流系统仿真分析

以集装箱码头物流系统为研究对象,以研究船舶靠泊调度原则和码头最大通过能力、泊位利用率、船舶待泊时间之间的关系以及计算不同策略所时应的到港集装箱船舶待泊成本、泊位闲置成本等为目标,应用专业仿真软件Witness对集装箱码头物流系统进行仿真建模,寻找集装箱码头物流系统的作业"瓶颈",并进行优化.研究结果表明,应用Witness软件完全可以实现集装箱码头物流系统的整体建模和仿真,其可视化效果可以反映系统的动态性,并且有很广阔的实用价值.     

全场景城轨网络化运营指挥平台探索与研究

通过阐述运营调度指挥平台的现状和发展趋势,结合新一代信息技术和运营指挥业务需求,提出一套基于全时空多数据融合、全业务场景交互的运营调度指挥平台建设思路和系统设计方案,促进实现信息"需要即可呈现,需要即可操作,需要即可分析"的线网调度指挥和设备集中管控的新型调度指挥系统建设,打造网络化运营的"最强大脑",为城市轨道交通网...     

不同时间脾切除联用环孢素对协调性异种心脏移植物存活的影响

目的探讨脾切除联用环孢素对协调性异种移植心脏存活时间的影响及其机制。方法建立协调性异种心脏移植模型。分别采用不同时间脾切除联用环孢素,观察异种移植物的生存时间。用CH50法检测各组动物血清中总补体活性。应用流式细胞技术检测动物血清中异种反应性抗体IgG、IgM的滴度变化。移植物标本HE染色观察病理学改变。免疫组化染色观察各实验组不同时间移植物组织中IgG、IgM抗体的沉积。结果脾切除联用环孢素能够显著延长移植物的生存时间(P<0.05),降低受者体内异种反应性抗体的滴度。结论脾切除联用环孢素可以减少移植术后早期受者体内异种反应性抗体的产生,延长异种移植物的生存时间。     

基于低成本的RFID中量级安全认证协议的研究

对于低成本的RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)系统,其芯片内大约有5000~10000个逻辑门,由于标签计算和存储能力的限制,仅有250~3000个逻辑门用来保证系统的安全性。重量级的安全认证协议使用加密算法,对标签的成本要求过高,因此不适于低成本的RFID系统。轻量级的安全认证协议仅使用简单的逻辑运算,保证了系统低成本的要求,但安全性较差。基于轻量级的安全认证协议(LMAP),在保证RFID系统低成本的前提下,提出一种中量级的安全认证协议。     

基于关键度度量的决策树算法改进及其在铁路运输中的应用

采用决策树方法对客票数据及行车安全数据进行分析时,发现在训练数据集的主类类属分布不平衡的情况下,无法对数据量占相对少数的小类属数据进行描述,究其原因在于现有决策树方法的节点类标号标示采用的是"多数表决"的方式。为此,本文提出关键度度量的概念,用于改进决策树的叶节点竞争机制,旨在改进决策树方法在解决弱势类属在数据建模分析中公平获得"发言权"的问题。算例表明,这种改进较好地解决了偏类数据集的数据分析问题。     

Study of Controlling Measures for Existing Railway Deformation Caused by Metro Shield Tunnel Under-passing Construction北大核心CSCD

Based on the background of the first phase project of the R3 line of Jinan Rail Transit, and in view of the metro shield tunnel passing under the existing railway bridge and subgrade, this paper uses Abaqus to establish a numerical model to simulate the deformation of the existing bridge and subgrade of the Jiaoji railway line under the two conditions of non-active reinforcement and reinforcement. The results show that under the condition of no reinforcement, the maximum settlement of the top bridge on the pier is -5.88 mm, and the maximum settlement difference is 5.16 mm, which exceed the deformation control requirements of the 5 mm regarding the bridge pier of the railway with ballast track. The maximum lateral displacement and longitudinal displacement of the pier are 0.28 mm and -3.01 mm, respectively. After the reinforcement measures of the bored piles are adopted, the maximum settlement of the top bridge on the pier is -1.71 mm, and the maximum settlement difference is 1.16 mm, which fully meet the bridge pier deformation control standard. The maximum lateral displacement and longitudinal maximum displacement are -0.245 mm and -2.83 mm, respectively, which meet the requirements of the control standard. The vertical settlement of the railway subgrade is relatively small. The maximum settlement values under the two working conditions are -12.31 mm and -11.97 mm, respectively, which meet the subgrade settlement control requirement of 20 mm. It is proved that the reinforcement effect of the bored pile is good, and the reinforcement scheme is safe and feasible. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Minimization of Pedaling Induced Energy Losses in Off-road Bicycle Rear Suspension Systems

This paper presents the results of an optimization analysis performed on off-road bicycles in which the energy loss induced as a result of pedaling action was minimized. A previously developed computer-based dynamic system model (Wang and Hull, Vehicle System Dynamics, 25:3, 1996) was used to evaluate the power dissipated by a single pivot point rear suspension while pedalling uphill on a smooth surface. By systematically varying the location of the pivot point, the relationship between power dissipated and pivot location was determined. The optimal location was defined as the location which resulted in the least power dissipated. The simulation results show that the power dissipated was very dependent on the height above the bottom bracket but not the fore-aft location of the pivot point. If the pivot point is constrained to the seat tube, then the optimal pivot point was found to be 11 cm above the bottom bracket. Compared to a commercially available design, the optimal pivot point reduced the power dissipated from 6.9 to 1.2 Watts. Furthermore, the optimal pivot point was found to be very insensitive to pedaling mechanics, and both the spring and damping parameter values. The optimal pivot point did, however, have a linear dependence on the height of the chainline; as the chainline height increased so too did the optimal pivot point height.     

A conceptual analysis of the transportation impacts of B2C e-commerce

This paper discusses, at a conceptual level, a number of issues related to the evaluation of the transportation and spatial impacts of e-shopping. We review the comparative advantages of store shopping and e-shopping, and conclude that neither type uniformly dominates the other. We identify the building blocks of the shopping process, and note that information and communications technologies are making possible the spatial and temporal fragmentation and recombination of those elements. We analyze future shopping-related changes in transportation as the net outcome of four different fundamental causes, that can be viewed hierarchically: (1) changes in shopping mode share (i.e. shifts in the proportion of shopping activities conducted through store shopping, e-shopping and other modes), keeping the volume of goods purchased and per capita consumption spending constant; (2) changes in the volume of goods purchased, keeping per capita consumption spending constant; (3) changes in per capita consumption spending, independent of demographic changes; and (4) demographic changes. Some factors result in reduced travel while others lead to increased travel. The combined outcome of all factors does not appear to support any hope that e-shopping will reduce travel on net; to the contrary there may be negative impacts due to increased travel, even if those impacts are likely to be localized and/or small in magnitude for the most part. Thus, on the whole, we are likely (with some exceptions) to see continued adoption of both store shopping and e-shopping. Consumers will blend both forms as they conduct a sequence of shopping activities, and retailers will blend both in marketing to and serving customers. Assessing the transportation impacts of e-shopping – even in the short term, let alone the long term – presents some formidable measurement challenges. Nevertheless, those challenges are worthy of our most creative efforts at solution.     

Analysis of Clogging Mechanism and Filter-cake Structure of Slurry Containing Coarse-particle Materials in Sandy Strata北大核心CSCD

The problem of filter-cake formation in highly permeable strata is urgently to be solved for slurry shield tunnelling. Adding coarse-particle materials in slurry is an effective method to solve the problem. A selfdesigned test device of slurry invasion and filter-cake formation in strata was adopted, and one kind of lightweight sand was selected as coarse particle materials. By changing the particle sizes of light-weight sand particles, the filtrate mass and the time of filter-cake formation under the condition of different additive contents and pressures were measured. And the influence of particle size of coarse-particle materials on filter-cake formation characteristics was analyzed. A triangular constriction calculation method was proposed, which can be used to quickly determine the influence range of coarse-particle materials on the pore size variation of the strata. The test results show that: (1) the addition of coarse-particle materials can significantly reduce the inter-particle pore size and effectively improve the clogging effectiveness under the condition of this tested strata. (2) The particle size of coarse-particle materials has a great influence on filter-cake formation characteristics. The coarse-particle material with smaller particle size has a better clogging effect, and its filter-cake formation characteristics are more stable. The coarse-particle material with larger particle size has a higher volatility in its filter-cake formation characteristics. (3) Coarse-particle materials with different particle sizes result in different final filter-cake structures. When the coarse-particle materials possess a larger particle size, a mixed filtercake structure is formed, and when the particle size is small, a double-layer filter-cake structure is formed. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

汽车钢板弹簧多体动力学建模综述

本文中首先综述了板簧设计与建模的研究现状。接着,系统分析了螺旋弹簧模型、beam element模型、ANSYS模型、SAE三连杆模型这4种板簧模型的优缺点及适用情况,在模型复杂程度、仿真速度、参数化等方面进行了对比。最后,以某8×4重型货车为例,分别建立了包含4种板簧模型的整车模型,进行平顺性和操纵稳定性的仿真,并与实车试验进行了对比。结果表明,在4种板簧模型中,SAE三连杆板簧模型的综合性能最好。