Carbody elastic vibrations of high-speed vehicles caused by bogie hunting instability

In particular locations of the high-speed track, the worn wheel profile matched up with the worn rail profile will lead to an extremely high-conicity wheel–rail contact. Consequently, the bogie hunting instability arises, which further results in the so-called carbody shaking phenomenon. In this paper, the carbody elastic vibrations of a high-speed vehicle in service are firstly introduced. Modal tests are conducted to identity the elastic modes of the carbody. The ride comfort and running safety indices for the tested vehicle are evaluated. The rigid–flexible coupling dynamic model for the high-speed passenger car is then developed by using the FE and MBS coupling approach. The rail profiles in those particular locations are measured and further integrated into the simulation model to reproduce the bogie hunting and carbody elastic vibrations. The effects of wheel and rail wear on the vehicle system response, e.g. wheelset bifurcation graph and carbody vibrations, are studied. Two improvement measures, including the wheel profile modification and rail grinding, are proposed to provide possible solutions. It is found that the wheel–rail contact conicity can be lowered by decreasing wheel flange thickness or grinding rail corner, which is expected to improve the bogie hunting stability under worn rail and worn wheel conditions. The carbody elastic vibrations caused by bogie hunting instability can be further restrained.     

汽车继电器触点瞬态接触传热特性数值模拟分析

继电器是车辆电器控制的重要控制元器件,其工作环境是瞬间大电流通过周期性闭合的触点,由于接触触点间接触电阻在闭合瞬间大电流的作用下产生焦耳热,导致触点极易发生熔焊的可能,严重影响继电器的使用性能,危害行车安全,据统计触点部分的故障率占到继电器故障率的90%以上。揭示汽车继电器触点瞬态接触传热特性,对改善继电器触点触点熔焊故障具有重要的现实意。本文采用分型接触理论建立接触电阻模型,综合考虑触点间接触力、接触面积及材料的比热容、导热系数等,建立了继电器触点闭合瞬间大电流作用下的有限元模型,模拟计算触点间的瞬态热场分布,为改善继电器触头熔焊现象提供理论支撑。     

基于MIDAS/Civil的荷载横向分布系数简化计算

针对简支梁桥结构受力特点,结合荷载横向分布系数计算桥梁结构内力的基本原理,基于MIDAS/Civil软件,提出了荷载横向分布系数自动计算的有限元模型。这种新方法具有明确的计算理论,模型前、后的可视化处理使得计算过程大大地简化,并且计算结果可靠,易于桥梁工程师们掌握应用。     

小钢管劲性骨架混凝土箱拱施工阶段受力分析

通过有限元程序ANSYS建立箱拱的空间计算模型,采用内力叠加法和应力叠加法计算施工过程中拱桥的应力和位移,对2种方法的计算结果进行了对比,阐述了2种方法的特点和适用范围,并分析了初始应力和截面刚度变化对拱桥受力的影响.     

用夯实水泥土挤密桩加固客运专线黄土地基

阐述了夯实水泥土挤密桩加固湿陷性黄土地区客运专线路基基底土的作用机理,并以郑西客运专线工程为背景,通过实测资料说明其施工工艺和质量控制方法。     

CA4DC共轨系统柴油机排放控制研究

通过引入共轨燃油喷射系统,重新优化发动机结构参数,标定控制参数,使CA4DC柴油机在降低油耗和燃烧噪声的同时,显著减少了NOx和微粒的排放。结果表明,在不采用外部EGR和后处理技术的条件下,采取上述措施完全可以使轻型柴油机的排放达到满足欧Ⅲ标准的工程目标。     

汽车主动悬架和四轮转向系统的耦合分析及协调控制

针对汽车转向系统和悬架系统的相互作用,建立了转向动力学子模型、悬架动力学子模型以及考虑两者耦合效应的综合动力学模型.通过仿真分析发现:悬架系统主要通过轮胎动载荷引起轮胎侧偏力变化,从而引起转向特性发生显著变化;而转向系统则主要通过离心力影响簧上质量的侧倾运动,从而引起悬架运动特性发生变化;主动悬架与四轮转向协调控制系统在减小车身侧倾和前轮垂直载荷波动的同时,还能有效地改善车辆横摆响应和质心侧偏角响应.     

ALLELE DISTRIBUTION OF D12S304, D12S313, D12S1583, D12S1640 AND D12S1708 IN CHINESE HAN POPULATION

Analysisofshorttandemrepeat(STR)bypol ymerasechainreaction(PCR)techniqueisare markableimpactindeterminationofbiologicalre latednessbetweenindividualsandinhumanidentity test.DNAtypingafterPCRamplificationisanim portantmethodforlinkageandassociationanalysis…     

Estimation of rail passenger flow and system utilization with ticket transaction and gate data

Capturing the dynamics in passenger flow and system utilization over time and space is extremely important for railway operators. Previous studies usually estimated passenger flow using automatic fare collection data, and their applications are limited to a single stopping pattern and/or a single type of ticket. However, the conventional railway in Taiwan provides four types of ticket and five types of train service with a number of stopping patterns. This study develops a comprehensive framework and corresponding algorithms to map passenger flow and evaluate system utilization. A multinomial logit model is constructed and incorporated in the algorithms to estimate passenger train selection behavior. Results from the empirical studies demonstrate that the developed framework and algorithms can successfully match passengers with train services. With this tool, operators can efficiently examine passenger flow and service utilization, thereby quickly adjusting their service strategies accordingly to improve system performance.     

Modeling risks and uncertainties in residents’ license choice behaviors under a vehicle restriction policy

Understanding residents’ perception and reaction to vehicle restriction policies is significant for transportation management. However, few studies have examined it from a behavioral and disaggregated perspective, particularly from people’s responses to uncertainties in choices, and their consequent behaviors under potential risks. This paper proposes a multi-level nested logit method to model sequential choice behaviors considering uncertainties under a vehicle license restriction policy. Prospect theory is applied, where a novel reference point is proposed based on instances of ‘whether a risk happens’ rather than a hard number which is difficult to obtain in reality. A case study in Guangzhou, China is presented, where a vehicle restriction policy has been applied for three years. Residents’ attitudes and preferences under uncertainties and different risks are revealed, and these factors are significant in predicting people’s future decisions while policy changes.