关于建立我国船舶油污损害赔偿机制问题研究

船舶一旦发生溢油事故,往往给受害人带来巨额的经济损失。为了减少该损失,世界上几乎所有的石油进出口大国都建立了船舶油污损害赔偿机制。然而我国目前并没有专门的油污损害赔偿立法,种种弊端突显。因此,我国亟待建立适合我国国情的油污损害赔偿机制,借鉴国际上的成熟经验,逐步与国际接轨。     

连拱隧道无中导洞施工技术探讨

介绍黄（陵）延（安）高速公路羊泉沟隧道Ⅲ类围岩段采用的双连拱隧道无中导洞施工技术,及施工中采用的排水、临时支护和现场监控量测等工艺,为无中导洞施工双连拱隧道提供了一个成功实例.     

Potential benefits of an adaptive forward collision warning system

Forward collision warning (FCW) systems can reduce rear-end vehicle collisions. However, if the presentation of warnings is perceived as mistimed, trust in the system is diminished and drivers become less likely to respond appropriately. In this driving simulator investigation, 45 drivers experienced two FCW systems: a non-adaptive and an adaptive FCW that adjusted the timing of its alarms according to each individual driver’s reaction time. Whilst all drivers benefited in terms of improved safety from both FCW systems, non-aggressive drivers (low sensation seeking, long followers) did not display a preference to the adaptive FCW over its non-adaptive equivalent. Furthermore, there was little evidence to suggest that the non-aggressive drivers’ performance differed with either system. Benefits of the adaptive system were demonstrated for aggressive drivers (high sensation seeking, short followers). Even though both systems reduced their likelihood of a crash to a similar extent, the aggressive drivers rated each FCW more poorly than their non-aggressive contemporaries. However, this group, with their greater risk of involvement in rear-end collisions, reported a preference for the adaptive system as they found it less irritating and stress-inducing. Achieving greater acceptance and hence likely use of a real system is fundamental to good quality FCW design.     

有约束的最小能量法优化系杆拱桥成桥索力

为优化成桥索力,借鉴斜拉桥成桥索力的优化方法——有约束的最小能量法。以某系杆拱桥为工程背景,采用Midas/civil建立有限元模型,以各吊杆索力为自变量,求得主拱拱肋和主梁的拉压及弯曲应变能之和作为因变量,并限定节点位移、截面弯矩,以及吊杆索力。采用MATLAB建立数学模型求得最优成桥索力,并与刚性连续梁法、刚性吊杆法所得索力,以及成桥状态对比。有约束的最小能量法求得的索力使得主拱挠度平顺,拱脚处的弯矩更为合理。     

汽车电子电气设备的传导干扰试验方法的研究

根据国标GB/T21437.2-2008和GB18655-2002的要求,以汽车暖风电机为被测装备,对汽车电子电气设备的瞬态传导发射、连续传导发射和传导抗干扰试验方法进行系统研究,搭建试验平台进行试验,并对试验结果进行分析和评估.     

FDS工艺在电池包壳体连接中的应用研究

研究了薄板铝合金的FDS连接工艺,论述了FDS工艺的影响因素和质量评价标准。针对连接过程的钻速与压力进行了9组正交试验,并通过金相剖面,连接时间和扭矩曲线选择了合适的工艺参数,确定了FDS连接中步骤二与步骤三的转速与压力的设定范围。得出如下结论,FDS连接对工艺参数的容错性较高,增大转速与压力可以减小连接时间。     

定性仿真在车身概念装配设计中的应用研究

简述了公差设计、定性仿真及定性建模等方面的研究现状,并探讨了定性仿真在车身概念装配设计阶段的工程应用、定性装配的可行性分析与车身装配的定性公差分析描述。仿真系统对装配特征的物理参数进行了定性信息提取,通过定性分析确定装配过程偏差的主要影响因素。     

面波技术在滑坡勘察中的应用

面波技术在工程勘察及岩土工程检测中得到了较为广泛的应用,岩土工程勘察、路基压实质量检测及地基承载力等测试应用研究较多。运用面波技术对渝邻路的大湾滑坡进行了勘察,通过时域信号分析、频散曲线和波速云图3种判定方法查明了滑坡的滑动面。与钻孔资料对比,两者的结果较为一致。     

邵怀高速公路路基沉降与稳定观测及分析

以邵怀高速公路为例,结合山区高速公路的特点,提出了山区高速公路路基沉降与稳定观测方案,针对不同地质和地形条件采取了不同的沉降观测手段,对观测成果进行了分析,基本掌握了路山区高速公路基沉降变形的规律,得出路基稳定性结论,并提出了建议。