寒冷地区单塔双跨自锚式悬索桥主缆架设施工技术

通过位于北方寒冷地区的哈尔滨市松北区发生渠FK2-3#公路桥悬索主缆的安装,介绍了寒冷地区单塔双跨自锚式悬索桥主缆的安装过程及控制要点;通过该桥主缆施工,总结了一套寒冷地区单塔双跨自锚式悬索桥主缆架设施工技术,对今后类似工程的施工有较高的参考价值.     

汽车继电器触点瞬态接触传热特性数值模拟分析

继电器是车辆电器控制的重要控制元器件,其工作环境是瞬间大电流通过周期性闭合的触点,由于接触触点间接触电阻在闭合瞬间大电流的作用下产生焦耳热,导致触点极易发生熔焊的可能,严重影响继电器的使用性能,危害行车安全,据统计触点部分的故障率占到继电器故障率的90%以上。揭示汽车继电器触点瞬态接触传热特性,对改善继电器触点触点熔焊故障具有重要的现实意。本文采用分型接触理论建立接触电阻模型,综合考虑触点间接触力、接触面积及材料的比热容、导热系数等,建立了继电器触点闭合瞬间大电流作用下的有限元模型,模拟计算触点间的瞬态热场分布,为改善继电器触头熔焊现象提供理论支撑。     

液货舱透气系统设计与计算方法研究

针对IMO通函以及ISO标准的新要求，本文从船东、船厂和船舶设计院所应履行职责的角度，对新建油船和化学品船透气系统的设计与计算方法进行研究，并给出了实例。     

工业机器人在我国汽车生产中应用的技术分析

本文对汽车生产中采用机器人的应用领域进行了技术分析,就合理的选型、适宜的环境、完善的维护、恰当的布局等问题进行了深入的讨论。并指出应加强机器人技术的应用研究以适应未来10年我国汽车工业大发展需要。     

Carbody elastic vibrations of high-speed vehicles caused by bogie hunting instability

In particular locations of the high-speed track, the worn wheel profile matched up with the worn rail profile will lead to an extremely high-conicity wheel–rail contact. Consequently, the bogie hunting instability arises, which further results in the so-called carbody shaking phenomenon. In this paper, the carbody elastic vibrations of a high-speed vehicle in service are firstly introduced. Modal tests are conducted to identity the elastic modes of the carbody. The ride comfort and running safety indices for the tested vehicle are evaluated. The rigid–flexible coupling dynamic model for the high-speed passenger car is then developed by using the FE and MBS coupling approach. The rail profiles in those particular locations are measured and further integrated into the simulation model to reproduce the bogie hunting and carbody elastic vibrations. The effects of wheel and rail wear on the vehicle system response, e.g. wheelset bifurcation graph and carbody vibrations, are studied. Two improvement measures, including the wheel profile modification and rail grinding, are proposed to provide possible solutions. It is found that the wheel–rail contact conicity can be lowered by decreasing wheel flange thickness or grinding rail corner, which is expected to improve the bogie hunting stability under worn rail and worn wheel conditions. The carbody elastic vibrations caused by bogie hunting instability can be further restrained.     

The effect of wheel set gyroscopic action on the hunting stability of high-speed trains

This study explores the effects of wheel set gyroscopic action on hunting stability by calculating linear and nonlinear critical speeds. First, a dynamic model for a high-speed vehicle with 23 degrees of freedom is developed by considering wheel set gyroscopic action. The linear and nonlinear critical speeds are calculated by eigenvalue analysis and drawing a bifurcation map, respectively. Two computer programs for linear and nonlinear stability analysis are developed. Second, based on an actual high-speed vehicle in China, the effects of wheel set gyroscopic action on hunting stability are quantitatively investigated using computer simulation. Furthermore, the difference between the effects of gyroscopic moments about the x-axis and z-axis is discussed. The results show that the moment about the x-axis is harmful to hunting stability, but the moment about the z-axis is beneficial to hunting stability. However, the integrated effect of these two moments can enhance the critical speeds and suppress the hunting motion.     

高速铁路路基施工期沉降量的灰色预测模型及应用

为正确估算高速铁路无碴轨道路基施工期的沉降量,以京津客运专线工程为例,分别采用传统灰色预测模型和修正灰色预测模型对路基的沉降变形进行预测.研究结果表明:一方面,因为修正灰色预测模型对原始资料中已有信息的利用更加充分,所以,模型的精度更高;另一方面,修正灰色预测模型突破了传统灰色预测模型等间隔时序系统的限制,拓宽了模型在实际预测中的适用范围.因此.在实际应用中,推荐采用修正的非等时距灰色预测模型.     

基于建筑信息模型(BIM)的城市轨道交通设施设备分类与编码研究

城市轨道交通涉及多专业的设施设备,建设项目从设计、施工到运营维护,各阶段的设施设备信息采用不同的分类编码体系,难以开展设施设备的统一化管理。调研上海轨道交通既有的设施设备分类编码体系,基于建筑信息模型(BIM)技术研究,建立城市轨道交通全生命周期的设施设备分类编码体系。该分类编码体系是以城市轨道交通资产管理的分类编码为基础进行编制的,划分了21类,具有唯一性、稳定性、可扩展性等特点,可兼容既有的设施设备分类编码体系,并能够满足城市轨道交通运营维护管理的需求。     

铁路路基压实指标K30、Ev2、Evd对比分析

通过对铁路路基压实检测力学指标K30、Ev2、Evd之间检测原理的对比分析,表明K30、Ev2均反映了土的变形模量,是路基承载力大小的体现,是路基刚度大小参数,现场实测时建议以K30为主;Evd测试仪较静态变形模量Ev2各方面比较起来具有优势,已成为路基检测技术的发展方向。现场实测时,可作为首选检测指标,当Evd测试值检测合格后,再启用其他检测方法。     

基于不同本构模型的复杂地层大断面隧道开挖稳定性分析

多元结构地层中,土体单元触变性高,应力应变路径十分复杂,单一的本构模型不能满足隧道施工变形研究的需要。分析了摩尔库伦、修正剑桥、Druker-Prager和西原正夫等四种本构模型的屈服特性及应力应变关系,通过C++对FLAC软件二次开发,将本构模型程序化。以兰州轨道交通某大断面车站隧道为工程背景,模拟分析四种模型下大断面隧道开挖引起的地表沉降、底板隆起、两帮收剑的变化规律,发现摩尔库伦模型中洛德参数可识别土体单元处于压缩或拉伸状态,能较好地拟合地表沉降规律;修正剑桥模型可追踪岩土体的变形能力和抗剪强度随体积改变而变化的特性,能准确判断隧道直墙的水平位移变化趋势;Druker-Prager模型因考虑中间主应力及静水压力对相邻单元的作用,可反映出隧道内部土体移出后的底板隆起变形特点。以上规律可为复杂多元结构地层中隧道施工变形控制提供参考,从而保证隧道建设的高效与优质。