青藏铁路通信信号建设几个问题的探讨

结合青藏铁路特殊的自然地理环境和运营要求，探讨青藏铁路通信信号建设的技术原则、系统设备一体化、无线通信、“数字青藏铁路”等问题，并提出了几点建议。     

Prediction method of hydrodynamic forces acting on the hull of a blunt-body ship in the even keel condition

The mathematical modeling group (MMG) model is well known and is widely used in the field of ship maneuverability. However, the MMG model can be applied only after determination of the hydrodynamic coefficients either from comprehensive captive model tests or from general empirical data. Around the cruising speed, when a ship's drift angle is relatively small, several methods have been developed to predict hydrodynamic coefficients from the ship's principal particulars, e.g., Kijima's method. Kijima's method is efficient in predicting the ship's maneuverability at the initial design stage and is even able to assess the effect of changes in stern design. Similarly, for the low speed range when a ship's drift angle is relatively large, several methods for predicting the ship's hydrodynamic coefficients have been proposed, based on captive model tests, such as those by Kose, Kobayashi, and Yumuro. However, most of the methods developed for low speeds cannot be applied to general ship types without additional experiments being performed. In contrast, Karasuno's method uses theoretical and empirical approaches to predict the hydrodynamic forces, even for large drift motions. Although Karasuno's model utilizes the ship's principal particulars and is applicable to a general vessel, it has not been widely used. This is because the form of Karasuno's model is relatively complicated and its accuracy around the cruising speed is less than that for other methods that have been specifically developed for the cruising speed range. A practical method for predicting hydrodynamic forces for the entire operating speed range of blunt-body ships is proposed in this article. It is based on the MMG model and predicts hydrodynamic coefficients based on a ship's principal particulars. A regression model for the proposed method has also been proposed by analyzing 21 different blunt-body ships. Finally, simulations of a very large 4-m crude carrier (VLCC) model using the proposed method were carried out and the results compared with free-running experiments (both at the cruising speed and at low speeds) to validate the efficacy of the model.     

有限大小神经元细胞膜动作电位的温度效应

研究了温度对有限大小神经元细胞膜动作电位的影响．发现随着温度的增加，在相同的时间内神经元产生的脉冲数目有先增加再降低的变化．在中等面积下，平均脉冲间间隔有类似于共振的先降低，达到最小值，再增加的现象．通过计算功率谱以及由功率谱定义的卢因子,很清楚地看到β在某些温度时达到了最大值，产生了相干共振．     

A review of the effect of a／W ratio on fracture toughness （Ⅰ）—experimental investigation in EPFM

Many experimental investigations have previously been performed and recently done on different shipbuilding structural steels where the specimens size and crack depth/specimen width (a/W) were varied. A series of interesting results have been gained. It is worthwhile to have a review on the effect of a/W ratio on fracture toughness, and further theoretical analysis is necessary. In this paper, experimental work in elasticplastic fracture mechanics (EPFM) was discussed. Tests had been carried out on 10 kinds of strength steels. Results showed that J _i and δ₁ values increased with decreasing a/W when a/W<0.3 for three-point bend specimens and that shallow crack specimens which have less constrained flow field give markedly higher values of toughness than deeply notched specimens. However, for a/W>0.3, the toughness was found to be independent of a/W. Slip line field analysis shows that for shallow cracks, the hydrostatic stress is lower than that from standard deeply cracked bend specimen which develops a high level of crack tip constraint, provides a lower bound estimate of toughness, and will ensure an unduly conservative approach when applied to structure defects especially if initiation values of COD/J-integral are used.     

Geometric modelling of bulbous bows with the use of non-uniform rational B-spline surfaces

Nowadays, bulbous bow forms have become a common design feature in most conventional ship designs. The design of a bulbous bow is usually attempted with the use of certain form parameters that are imposed using the designer's experience or regression values that provide the optimum parameters based on experimental tests or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations. In this article, the geometric modelling of a bulbous bow form that complies with a series of parameters is presented. First, a wire model was constructed with cubic B-spline curves that hold certain form parameters that the designer wants to impose. Second, a B-spline surface that fits these splines was mathematically constructed. A review of the influence of the design parameters used on the bulbous bow properties was made. This method could be used prior to numerical optimization of a bulbous bow because different variations of the design can be easily generated. These variations can be tested numerically using CFD software. A practical application example of the method is shown.     

硒与大骨节病关系的研究

本研究结果说明,病区儿童血(全血、血浆、血细胞)、尿和发硒含量显著低于相邻和远离非病区和硒强化食盐区;发或尿硒含量与大骨节病干骺端病变检出率有显著或非常显著负相关关系;血硒在病区内与大骨节病干骺端病变检出率间关系不密切。     

陕西渭北大骨节病区儿童血清锌和发锌含量分析

通过测定陕西渭北大骨节病区和关中非病区儿童血清Ｚｎ、发Ｚｎ含量，分析和评估了该病区儿童血清Ｚｎ、发Ｚｎ含量状况和锌营养状态。结果表明，陕西渭北大骨节病区儿童、大骨节病儿和病区健康儿童血清Ｚｎ、发Ｚｎ含量均接近非病区，群体锌营养状态基本良好，似可说明锌与大骨节病发生之间并无有意义的联系。     

New Model and Simulation of Condenser for Ship Nuclear Power Plant

A new reasonably perfect dynamic mathematic model has been established for condenser used in ship nuclear powerplant according to its structural features and Operating principle. The model has been solved by the Runge-Kutta method. Andan analysis program has been developed for dynamic numerical simulation under steady operation condition, disturbance condi-tion, and accident condition. The dynamic characteristics of condenser has been calculated and analyzed under several kinds of     

高速铁路接触网振动特性分析

简要介绍了法国、德国及日本高速铁路受电弓和接触网结构。建立了各类接触网的欧拉梁－集中质量模型及受电弓的框架模型，开发了其数值模拟软件。应用此软件分析了简单链形悬挂、弹性链形悬挂以及双链形悬挂的振动特性，并进行了相互间的比较分析。