Shipbuilding trends in response to environmental issues

This paper offers an overview about how societal issues and environmental challenges will influence shipbuilding in the near future. It begins with an evaluation of societal developments and refers to globalization and climate change. The paper then continues to assess the impact of these developments on ship design and operation, and considers how the adverse effects of shipping in this context can be reduced. In this respect, topics like emission control and scrapping of ships are considered.     

城市轨道交通通信传输系统技术选择与应用分析

现行《地铁设计规范》（GB50157-2003）第15．2．1条，规定：为满足地铁通信各子系统和信号，电力监控，防灾、环境与设备监控系统和自动售检票等系统各种信息传输的要求，应建立以光纤通信为主的传输系统网络。它明确指出了轨道交通通信传输系统在建设时必须考虑的因素：技术选择与应用。技术选择应“以光纤通信为主”，因为光纤通信具有很多优点．     

Asymptotic analysis of mode I propagating crack-tip field in a creeping material

Adopting an elastic-viscoplastic, the asymptotic problem of mode I propagating crack-tip field is investigated. Various asymptotic solutions resulting from the analysis of crack growing programs are presented. The analysis results show that the quasistatically growing crack solutions are the special case of the dynamic propagating solutions. Therefore these two asymptotic solutions can be unified.     

基于Michell理论的多体船阻力计算

利用Michell线性兴波理论,从单体船的波谱函数出发推广到多体船,推导了多体船兴波阻力计算公式,并将计算结果与试验结果进行了比较,计算兴波阻力结果可以反映试验趋势,有效马力比较接近于试验结果,可以为多体船的方案优选提供依据.     

A review of the effect of a/ W ratio on fracture toughness （Ⅲ） ——theoretical analysis

In part I and II of this series, experimental investigation in both EPFM and LEFM had been discussed. In this part, further theoretical analysis is given. The theoretical development of Two Parameter Fracture Mechanics by Hancock etc, has rationalized our experimental results. This method can be applied to engineering practice, and will allow the advantage of enhanced toughness for specimens with low levels of constraint to be taken into account for defect assessment.     

长江水路集装箱运输现状及发展

1 长江水路集装箱运输现状 长江水路集装箱运输,开始于1976年,经历了试验、起步和发展三个阶段。 (1)试验阶段1976年-1983年 1976年4月,长江上开辟了第一条水路集装箱班轮航线:武汉-沙市航线,以后又相继开辟了武汉-上海(1980年因上海十六铺码头改建而中断)、武汉-宜昌、武汉-黄石航线以及沙市-宜昌等航线,大多采用甲板驳,运输5吨的内贸箱。1983年干线港口共完成运量25638箱。     

An experimental testbed for mobile offshore base control concepts

 The concept of a mobile offshore base (MOB) reflects the need to stage and support military and humanitarian operations anywhere in the world. A MOB is a self-propelled, modular, floating platform that can be assembled into lengths of up to 2 km, as required, to provide logistic support to US military operations where fixed bases are not available or adequate. It accommodates the take-off and landing of C17 aircraft, and can be used for storage, as well as to send resources quickly to shore. In most concepts, the structure is made of three to five modules, which have to perform long-term station-keeping in the presence of winds, waves, and currents. This is usually referred to as dynamic positioning (DP). In the MOB, the alignment is maintained through the use of thrusters, connectors, or a combination of both. In this paper, we consider the real-time control of scaled models of a MOB. The modules are built at the 1 : 150 scale, and are kept aligned by rotating thrusters under a hierarchical hybrid control scheme. This paper describes a physical testbed developed at the University of California, Berkeley, under a grant from the US Office of Naval Research, for the purpose of evaluating competing MOB control concepts. Received: June 4, 2002 / Accepted: October 30, 2002 Acknowledgments. This material is based on work supported by the MOB Program of the US Office of Naval Research under grant N00014-98-1-0744. The authors would like to thank the Link Foundation for its support. Many thanks go to Stephen Spry for his experimental work. The photographs are courtesy of Bill Stone, Gerald Stone, and Jay Sullivan of the PATH Publications staff. Address correspondence to: A.R. Girard (e-mail: anouck@eecs.berkeley.edu)     

湛江港15万吨级铁矿石码头皮带输送控制系统方案初探

探讨以PLC为中心的控制系统和以现场总线为核心的分布式控制系统各自的特点以及各自的应用领域，认为以PLC为中心的控制系统较适合湛江港15万吨级铁矿石码头皮带输送系统的控制系统。     

Prediction methods for the surf-riding threshold and the wave-blocking threshold based on Melnikov’s method

A ship operating in following and/or quartering seas may be susceptible to broaching-to preceded by the surf-riding phenomenon. Therefore, for the safety assessment of fast vessels such as destroyers and patrol craft, the estimation of the surf-riding condition is important. As shown by previous research, there are two boundaries for ship motion in following and quartering seas. These are the surf-riding threshold and wave-blocking threshold. In this study, the theoretical methods to estimate both boundaries are obtained by making use of Melnikov’s method. In order to validate the formulae, free-running model experiments are conducted in the towing tank. Comparisons between the results obtained from calculations and experiments show good agreement. It is concluded that the formulae based on Melnikov’s method could be applicable to the safety assessment of surface ships.     

A new method for calibration of unidirectional double-peak spectra

This study aims at presenting a new approach in calibrating standard two-peak design spectra for specific regions in absence of wind data. The main principle in these kinds of fitting for a new area is to minimize the least square error between measured and fitted spectra and there has been less attention to double-peak spectra individual characteristic as co-existence of wind-sea and swell parts in one spectrum. Here, separation frequency, approximately dividing such parts, is implemented to virtually extract wind-sea and swell components of a measured spectrum considering their intrinsic overlap near the separation frequency. Then, they have been easily utilized to calibrate two parts of standard double-peak spectrum in a revisory manner. To verify benefits of this new methodology, it has been applied on Ochi-Hubble as well as Torsethaugen spectra regarding field measurements in a coastal region at Gulf of Oman, Chabahar bay. Results obviously show a better adjustment of formula to field spectrum using this simple approach when compared with output of calibration on integrated field spectrum irrespective of its main characteristic such as availability of two-wave systems.