永磁同步电机直接转矩控制的建模与仿真研究

为了研究永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统的动态性能,利用Matlab/Simulink建立了永磁同步电机直接转矩控制模型,并对电机的启动性能以及负载为阶跃输入情况进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明所构建的系统模型动态过程符合实际调速系统运动过程。     

Li-O_2(Air)电池研究进展

随着社会的发展,人们越来越需要绿色节能的储能电源。高比能量的Li-O2(Air)电池逐渐受到人们的关注。本文从Li-O2(Air)电池体系和电池阴极两方面入手,对近年来在电解液、炭载体、催化剂方面取得的突破性进展进行介绍,并对研究方面存在的科学问题进行了介绍,指出了该电池发展过程中需要解决的关键科学问题。     

Bicycle mode share in China: a city-level analysis of long term trends

In the past 15 years, cities in China have experienced big changes in socioeconomic and traffic conditions, resulting in a long term change in bicycle use. This study aims to quantify the changes in bicycle mode share in Chinese cities and explore the potential causes. Based on data from 51 cities, it is found that bicycle mode share at the city level decreased gradually in the past. Conventional bicycle mode share decreased with a rate of 3 % per year, but electric bicycle mode share increased with a rate of 2 % per year. The correlations between city features such as demographics and built environments and bicycle mode share at different city sizes are compared. The generalized linear models are estimated to relate the changes in the share of different trip modes to various city-level factors. The results show that the bicycle mode share in a city is impacted by factors including city area size, population density, number of cars, percentage of local road mileage among all roads, and trip purpose. Possible reasons for the changes in bicycle uses in Chinese cities are explored and policy implications are discussed.     

Airline energy efficiency measures using the Virtual Frontier Network RAM with weak disposability

In this paper, airline energy efficiency is divided into three stages: the operations stage, the services stage and the sales stage. Greenhouse gas emissions are treated as an undesirable output of the services stage. This new three-stage strategic operating framework is a modification of existing models. A new model, Virtual Frontier Network Range Adjusted Measure with weak disposability, is proposed to evaluate the efficiencies of 22 international airlines, from 2008 to 2012. The results show that the new model can establish more reasonable rankings and confirm new benchmarking airlines and that inclusion in the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme has had little influence on the improvement of airline energy efficiency.     

Long-term impact of the Shinkansen on rail and air demand: analysis with data from Northeast Japan

This paper analyses how the high-speed rail construction in Northeast Japan (Tohoku) has affected total demand and interregional travel patterns. We use annual interregional passenger data from 1989 to 2012 and apply regression analysis with the demand between Tokyo and the Tohoku prefectures as the dependent variable. We distinguish particularly between the ‘Full-’ and the ‘Mini-’ Shinkansen, where the latter are branch services running with reduced speed. We find that the ‘Full-Shinkansen’ quickly increases rail and total public transport trips and generates additional rail demand year on year. The ‘Mini-Shinkansen’ impacts are less pronounced. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the Shinkansen has shifted some demand from air to rail once it started operation and increased rail share gradually. We therefore suggest that predictions of demand impacts should carefully distinguish immediate from gradual impacts. We also discuss differences in regional demand in that not all prefectures have gained equally from Shinkansen construction.     

浦东机场一次低云能见度天气过程的分析

2017年4月8日夜间到清晨,浦东机场发生了持续的低云低能见度天气,机场在期间启动了CATⅡ运行程序。本次天气过程持续时间较长,结束时间晚,对浦东机场航班起降造成明显影响。本文通过对当天各类气象资料的分析,总结了本次天气过程产生的原因和预报思路,并进一步对恶劣天气情况下机场气象台提供的气象服务进行了探讨。     

我国海洋生态环境损害程度评价技术发展现状

本文通过对目前海洋生态环境的判定技术的综合分析,按海洋污染生态毒性损害、海洋污染对渔业资源的损害以及涉海工程对海洋生态环境损害三个方面入手,介绍了国内外的海洋生态环境损害程度评价技术的发展现状,并指出我国相关研究中存在的不足。     

三峡水库变动回水区洛碛河段年内冲淤变化过程*

针对三峡水库175 m蓄水后变动回水区典型河段冲淤特点变化及航道条件变化的问题,利用三峡水库变动回水区洛碛河段近期连续测图,采用实测地形图对比分析的方法,对洛碛河段年内冲淤过程进行研究,得到洛碛年内冲淤变化特点及对航道条件的影响,为航道维护管理及船舶航行安全提供参考。     

洋山深水港西港区岸线功能规划调整

为满足洋山深水港生产营运需要,有关部门希望保留颗珠山—蒋公柱潮流汊道,这与总体规划布置不一致。为此需进行深水港西港区岸线功能规划调整研究。考虑到汊道的颗珠山一侧潮流具有岬角绕流型特点,而蒋公柱一侧有岬角环抱型特点;在此认识基础上针对多种岸线方案进行试验。试验结果表明,采用岸线优化方案后,可以保持甚至改善汊道内和已建港区潮流条件。从水流角度看,采取合理的岸线布置和适当的工程措施后,保留和开发利用颗珠山—蒋公柱潮流汊道是可行的。     

船舶稳定计算在浅水倒驳抛石中的应用

针对船舶施工安全稳定性问题,以马来西亚槟城吹填二期（STP2）工程为例,介绍特定条件限制下的浅水抛石施工方法,以施工过程中的船舶稳定性验算为理论基础,判定了船舶的横倾角并通过工程实例验证,为类似工程提供相对简单、实用的船舶安全验算基础。