Regional impacts of new transport infrastructure: a multisectoral potentials approach

This is the second of two background papers sponsored for the Symposium by the Administrative Commission for the north of the Netherlands. Its purpose is to provide an indication of the effects of the proposed high speed rail line between Amsterdam, Groningen and Hamburg on employment in the corridor. The authors first review the techniques of forecasting these effects discussed in the literature. The potentials approach is adopted for their analysis, the mathematics and underlying assumptions of which are presented. Finally, this model is run to provide an estimate of the impact on regional employment of three variants of the proposed rail line.     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

人类仿真技术在铁路系统中的应用

摘要：对应用于铁路人机工程学的人类仿真方法进行了总结,即一种仿真器是采用虚拟现实技术来模拟环境,例如驾驶仿真器、乘坐舒适度仿真器、铁路车站仿真器等。另一类仿真器则采用计算机仿真技术来评价列车司机工作时承受的精神负担、列车碰撞引起的旅客运动方式及损伤等。     

铁道车辆侧风倾覆安全性研究

通过理论分析,提出了基于风速、风向角、线路服役条件,车速、车辆参数的车辆侧风倾覆安全性计算方法,为车辆侧风倾覆安全性的计算提供参考。     

上海轨道交通11号线北段车辆的工业设计研究

分析了上海轨道交通11号线北段车辆的定位,从区域文化和线路特征提出"F1运动"和"玉兰花"两种意境相结合的工业设计解决方案。结合计算机辅助设计的手段对创意理念进行演绎和研究,提炼出整个设计流程和创意的方法,为车辆工业设计的发展提供借鉴。     

高原低气压对道路工程混凝土性能的影响及原因

为研究高原低气压对道路工程混凝土性能的影响,在拉萨（气压约60 kPa）和北京（气压约100 kPa）两地采用相同配合比的道路混凝土分别进行性能对比试验,测试了混凝土含气量、坍落度、强度、NEL法氯离子渗透系数和单面盐冻耐久性等性能指标,进一步测定了引气剂溶液的泡沫体积、表面张力和硬化混凝土孔结构。试验结果表明：在低气压下,引气混凝土的含气量和坍落度分别比常压下降低8%~36%和4%~9%;抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度分别比常压下降低1.6%~14.8%和1.5%~10.8%;氯离子渗透系数比常压下增加29%~135%;可见低气压下其抗冻耐久性降低。在低气压下,引气剂溶液的表面张力比常压下增加3.0%~4.5%,溶液泡沫体积比常压下降低2%~14%,混凝土内的气体压缩系数比常压下减小,这些原因导致了低气压环境下施工的道路混凝土含气量降低,坍落度减小;与此同时,硬化混凝土平均气孔直径增大6%~18%,气泡间距系数增加45%~92%,最终使得低气压下混凝土强度、抗氯离子渗透性和抗冻耐久性降低。     

基于BIM的三维配筋技术在小清河复航工程中的应用

船闸工程结构物体量庞大、结构复杂,钢筋图绘制、钢筋计量工作量大、难度高。针对传统二维配筋的技术手段存在配筋效率低下、成果质量差强人意、适应工程变更能力差的问题,对基于BIM的三维配筋技术进行研究,并结合小清河复航工程金家桥船闸工程,实现三维空间内对结构体的自动化配筋、钢筋编号计量、输出二维图纸。结果表明,基于BIM的三维配筋技术应用于船闸工程时具有有效提升配筋过程可视化程度、实现钢筋的信息管理和数据驱动的技术优势,其应用效果良好。     

Research on the Influence of Vertical Deformation of Bridge on the Track RegularityEI北大核心

Research purposes: The vertical deformation of high-speed railway (HSR) bridge will cause the track irregularity, which threatens the safe and efficient operation of the HSR. Taking the 32 m simple supported beam bridge as the research object, based on the existing mapping analytical model for bridge vertical deformation and rail geometry, the influence of the track regularity of the CRTS Ⅰ slab ballastless track structure caused by the key parameters such as the bridge vertical deformation amplitude, the hanging length of the beam end and the vertical stiffness of mortar layer were studied, and the corresponding measures to control the rail deformation were proposed, to provide theoretical reference for comprehensive treatment of rail deformation of HSR bridge. Research conclusions:(1) The pier settlement, the vertical rotation of the beam end and the beam fault will cause the rail to follow the beam deformation, and "up-warping" of the rail on the vertical deformation boundary will appear. (2) The rail deformation is directly proportional to the vertical deformation amplitude of the bridge and the key to control the rail deformation is to reduce the vertical deformation of the bridge. (3) The rail deformation can be controlled by reducing the hanging length of beam and vertical stiffness of mortar layer. (4) The research results can provide a theoretical reference for controlling the vertical rail deformation of high-speed railway bridges. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.     

The Reinforcement Analysis of Prestressed Anchor Frame Beam in the Deep Cutting Slope under Three Dimensional Strong EarthquakeEI北大核心

Research purposes: In order to further study the reinforcement of prestressed anchor frame beam in the deep cutting slope under three dimensional strong earthquake, a model of the deep cutting slope is built through FLAC 3D simulation software, the seismic wave to the model from three directions of x,y and z is input, and the dynamic response of the slope is analyzed. Then, the prestressed anchor frame beam reinforcement measures are applied to the model, and this paper analyzes the reinforcement effect of the prestressed anchor frame beam to the deep cutting slope under three dimensional strong earthquake. Research conclusions:(1) The prestressed anchor frame beam has a good effect on restraining the horizontal displacement of the deep cutting slope. (2) Under the three dimensional strong earthquake, the prestressed anchor frame beam has a good effect on the horizontal acceleration and horizontal velocity of the deep cutting slope, which reduces the peak of horizontal acceleration and horizontal velocity. (3) Through the comparison of the response before and after the reinforcement of the prestressed anchor frame beam is given under the 9 degrees three dimensional strong earthquake, it can be concluded that the prestressed anchor frame beam can provide good reinforcement effect to the deep cutting slope. (4) This research can be used for reference to the earthquake resistance of the slope engineering. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.     

曲线对高速货车转向架焊接部件疲劳损伤的影响

依据UIC510—3:1994规定的疲劳试验加载方法,基于有限元法研究了不同左右曲线变换次数取值时高速货车转向架焊接构架及摇枕疲劳关注部位累积损伤的变化程度及规律。仿真结果及综合分析表明,当左右曲线变换次数取值变化并不十分显著时,其对结构疲劳损伤影响很小,样机疲劳试验中可直接应用UIC规范中的建议值。