Simulation of city bus performance based on actual urban driving cycle in China

This paper establishes the simulation model of a city bus on the basis of the EQ6110 bus prototype and its experimental data. According to the actual urban driving cycle, the fuel economy and the traction performance of the EQ6110 city bus have been simulated, and factors such as the driving cycle, the loss of power to engine accessories, the gear-shifting strategy, the fuel shut-off strategy of the engine, etc., which influence on the bus’s fuel economy, are also quantitatively analyzed. Some conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) driving cycles have a great influence on the fuel economy of a city bus; (2) under the typical urban driving cycle of the public bus in China, the engine fuel shut-off strategy can save about 1 to 1.5 percent of the fuel consumption; and (3) the optimized gear-shifting rules can save 6.7 percent of the fuel consumption. Experimental results verify that the fuel economy for the EQ6110 public bus is improved by 7.2 pecent over the actual Wuhan urban driving cycle of the current public bus in China.     

尿素晶体的线性和非线性光学性质的从头算研究

采用从头计算平面波赝势方法（pwp）和局域密度近似,计算了尿素晶体的电子能带结构和光学性质,计算表明尿素晶体属直接带隙晶体,计算带隙为5,lleV。在剪切操作下,采用密度矩阵理论计算了介电常数和倍频系数,理论结果与实验符合甚佳,并成功地将二阶非线性光学系数谱的特征峰与介电函数光谱结合起来,按单、双光子共振项进行了分析。不同跃迁过程对二阶非线性光学系数的贡献的研究表明,二阶非线性光学极化率在低频下几乎全部来自于虚电子过程。     

密立根油滴实验中平衡电压和下落时间关系的研究

通过分析平衡电压和下落时间的隐函数关系表达式,推导出了两者之间的直接函数表达式和变化关系。同时用数值模拟和实验验证的方法,得到这样的结论：随着下落时间的逐渐增长,平衡电压是逐渐变小的,而且变化率是越来越小。实验过程中油滴质量的减小很好地解释了两者之间的变化关系。剔除掉由于电量减小造成的不合理数据可以提高实验的准确度。     

基于Zigbee和GPRS的无线公交考勤管理系统

目前各城市公交公司主要采用人工打卡方式作为公交车考勤的主要手段,操作起来既不方便又费时。本文提出一种基于Zigbee技术和GPRS的无线智能公交考勤系统。该系统通过Zigbee无线传输技术实现车载终端与考勤打卡机通信,由打卡机记录下公交车的车号和时间,再通过GPRS技术传输到管理中心,实现对运行中的公交车进行监控和定位,具有方便省时,简单可靠,成本低等优点。     

Bolster spring fault detection strategy for heavy haul wagons

An on-board health monitoring system is proposed for heavy haul wagons in this paper including a signal-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) method and an on-line fault diagnose strategy. Such a system, to be feasible on freight wagons, must be sufficiently cheap and robust, hence the design assumes the constraint of using only two accelerometers mounted on the front left and right rear part of each carbody in a heavy haul train. This paper focuses on the detection of bolster spring fault conditions. The problem is made more complex by the modes of failure which might be expected in bolster spring nests. Types of spring failure are firstly identified and discussed covering situations of broken (shortening springs) and softening (individual spring loss from a nest or cross-section loss through corrosion). The effects of these faults and their detectability were investigated using simulations on straight and curved track and using a fully detailed model of a typical 40?t axle-load heavy haul wagon. The simulation results were then examined and compared using cross-correlation analysis and an FDI system was proposed. The FDI system introduced five possible fault indicators. Initial results indicated that it was possible to detect changes in bolster stiffness of ±25%. An on-line fault diagnoses strategy is proposed for bolster spring faults which only requires data from wagon monitoring during travel around sharp curves to detect and the occurrence of confirm faults. The functionality envisaged needs only a ‘once per trip’ monitoring site, such as a sharper curve, and is aimed at condition monitoring rather than the provision of alarms or comprehensive monitoring of all events.     

氨氮废水处理技术发展现状

结合不同浓度氨氮废水的水质特点,评述了近二三十年来国内外主要的除氮技术,包括折点氯化法、吹脱法、离子交换法、化学沉淀法等物理化学法,以及传统生物处理技术和新型生物处理技术,如厌氧氨氧化、短程硝化反硝化、同时硝化反硝化等,并指出以上处理技术的适用条件及其优缺点和氨氮废水处理技术今后的发展趋势。     

基于博弈论的供应链金融监管合同奖惩研究

将银行和物流监管公司签订的监管合同中的奖惩条款为研究对象,基于博弈论探讨了监管方和借款方的博弈行为,找到了纯粹决策和混合决策的纳什均衡。通过算例,对比计算了有无奖励和惩罚时,混合决策的纳什均衡点的差异性:当在合同中增加奖励和惩罚措施时,纳什均衡的点将离原点更远,双方将以更大的概率选择合作。以此为基础,科学设立监管合同中监管项目的评价指标体系,明确监管奖惩措施,将有效降低供应链金融风险。     

城市桥梁与公路桥梁设计荷载标准对比与思考

城市桥梁与公路桥梁两者设计规范相比具有很多不同,其设计荷载标准也存在不同。分析两者的差异性,对比变化着的城市桥梁和公路桥梁的行业标准,多方面地对它们的设计荷载标准进行对比和思考,以促进更多桥梁设计的多元化发展,并不断与国际接轨,缓解城市交通压力,提高人们出行水平。     

预应力砼连续箱梁施工技术

结合青银高速公路三座预应力砼连续箱梁工程,详细论述了预应力砼连续梁在施工过程中的注意事项,以及对施工中出现的问题进行了分析。     

代建制模式下工程总承包公司进行水利工程项目管理的研究

政府投资项目实行代建制已经成为必然趋势,然而,水利工程由于其行业特殊性,在代建制模式的实施上出现了急需专业化项目管理与水利行业企业无法胜任的矛盾。本文通过对以水利工程总承包公司为基础创建高水平项目管理公司的可行性与发展途径的研究,结合实例分析,得到了一些积极的成果。这些结论对推进水利工程建设领域代建制的完善与发展、提升水利工程项目管理水平,提高水利工程总承包企业的市场竞争力,拓展企业生存空间,都有重要的意义。