Subjective-utility travel time budget modeling in the stochastic traffic network assignment

ABSTRACT

In this article, we propose a new model called subjective-utility travel time budget (SU-TTB) model to capture travelers' risk-averse route choices. In the travel time budget (TTB) and mean-excess travel time (METT) model, a predefined confidence level is needed to capture the risk-aversion in route choice. Due to the day-to-day route travel time variations, the exact confidence level is hard to be predicted. With the SU-TTB model, we assume travelers' confidence level belongs to an interval that they may comply with in the route choice. The two main components of SU-TTB are the utility function and the TTB model. We can show that the SU-TTB can be reduced to the TTB and METT model with proper utility function for the confidence levels. We can also prove its equivalence with our recently proposed nonlinear-expectation route travel time (NERTT) model in some cases and give some new interpretation on the NERTT with this equivalence. Finally, we formulate the SU-TTB model as a variational inequality (VI) problem to model the risk-averse user equilibrium (RAUE), termed as generalized RAUE (GRAUE). The GRAUE is solved via a heuristic gradient projection algorithm, and the model and solution algorithm are demonstrated with the Braess's traffic network and the Nguyen and Dupuis's traffic network.     

红外探水在高水位下断裂破碎带隧道施工中的应用

在隧道施工中,断裂破碎带富水段常出现涌水、突水突泥等地质灾害问题,在施工过程中进行超前预报探水可以在一定程度上减少人员伤亡以及财产损失。以揭(阳)惠(来)高速公路小北山一号隧道高水位断裂破碎带施工为工程背景,阐述红外探水技术的基本原理、实施方案、操作方法,以及HS-S310红外探水仪在工程中的应用实践。实践表明:超前红外探水技术针对于断裂破碎带隧道掌子面前方隐伏含水构造体的预报具有一定的准确性以及可参考性。     

基于灰色理论的雪山梁隧道施工过程渗漏水水源识别研究

为了解决黄龙景区雪山梁隧道开挖过程中的涌水水源识别问题,结合黄龙景区雪山梁隧道的相关施工资料,依据已有的地质资料和涌突水预测,通过水分析化学实验,采用灰色理论计算方法研究不同水系之间的关联度;而后针对单一水源和混合水源分别进行试验和分析,得出雪山梁隧道出口段内渗漏水来源最可能为大气降水,关联度较高的还有淘金沟上游水系和隧道出口处水系;最后进行比对,得出隧道渗漏水主要来源是大气降水和淘金沟上游水体的结论,并依据现场资料及实地踏勘,验证了灰色理论分析结果的可靠性。     

小直径盾构施工中管片纵向应力监测研究

为了探索小直径盾构法隧道在施工过程中管片纵向应力的变化规律,对北京槐房再生水厂污水隧道管片纵向应力进行了现场监测:将第976环、第1 054环管片分别设为第1和第2监测断面,2监测断面各预埋5个纵向应力计,各监测断面从本监测断面管片安装后即开始监测,当盾构掘进至第1 129环时停止监测。研究表明:1)在管片离开盾尾50环后,其纵向应力波动值小于管片拼装期间应力值的5%。2)在盾构掘进期间,管片距离盾构越远,其纵向压应力值越小。3)在管片拼装期间,管片距离盾构越远,其纵向压应力经历了先增大后减小的过程。4)管片距离盾构108环后,该管片纵向压应力趋近于0.2~0.3 MPa。5)随着盾构推进,管片纵向应力经历了4个阶段的变化过程,即周期性剧烈波动阶段—动态稳定阶段—逐渐衰减阶段—趋于稳定阶段。     

面向控制的SCR催化转化器温度模型

为了建立面向控制的SCR催化器温度模型,根据能量守恒和质量守恒方程并考虑热平衡中所涉及的换热过程不同,建立了4种SCR催化器温度的数学模型,并利用Matlab/Simulink构建图形化的计算模型。采用柴油机欧洲稳态循环(ESC)和欧洲瞬态循环(ETC)条件下的台架实测数据对模型进行检验,基于最大离散程度、拟合度和计算时间3个指标对模型进行评价和比较。结果表明,考虑催化器与废气和周围环境对流换热的温度模型具有良好的预测精度和实时性,更适合用于SCR控制策略。     

社会转型期大学生思想道德教育对策思考

随着网络化、经济全球化的进程,中国社会正处在深刻变革和快速转型期,人们的价值观念、思维方式和行为方式发生剧烈变化,传统的道德规范受到了强烈冲击。正处在人生观、价值观、道德观的形成时期的大学生,面临极大的道德冲突与思想困惑。文章在分析大学生的思想道德现状及其成因的基础上,就社会转型期如何加强大学生思想道德建设进行探讨。     

某地下通道浅埋暗挖法施工中的时空效应分析与计算

在浅埋暗挖法施工中,位移预报十分重要,但位移量测值受时空效应的影响,计算很复杂。结合某地下通道的浅埋暗挖法施工,对施工过程中时空效应的产生机理、规律进行探讨,介绍了观测前已发生的位移量、开挖面到达前产生的位移损失量和总沉位移量的计算方法,以提供准确的位移预报。     

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借鉴定性推理中描述参数的相关方法,首先提出了描述城市快速路各车道交通流同态程度的概念——同态度量指数（Homogeneous Measure Index ,HMI),大量对快速路的实证研究得到的HMI指数反应了不同情况下交通流状态的定性差异。通过对北京环路交通拥堵发生与消散过程的观察和分析,本文发现当交通拥堵发生或消散的过程被触发时,不同车道交通流的同态度量指数HMI会发生定性跃迁变化,并且各车道交通流的同态性变化将是一个“同态 非同态同态”的过程,因此可以利用这一性质,将HMI作为一个指标来对城市快速路交通拥堵是否可能发生进行预警。     

现浇薄壁筒桩技术及其施工工艺

介绍现浇混凝土薄壁筒桩技术以及与其它形式桩基技术的比较.     

The changes of neuronal activity of the zone incerta in a rodent model of Parkinson＇s disease

Objective To study the changes in neuronal activity of the zone incerta (ZI) following the unilateral lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway. Methods Eiectrophysiological recordings of ZI neurons were made in normal rats and in two groups of rats at different time intervals after injection of 6-hydrodopamine (6-OHDA) into the pars compacta of snbstantia nigra by extracellular recording in vivo. Results The results showed a significant increase in the mean firing rate of ZI during the second and fourth weeks after 6-OHDA lesion [-n=32, (3.6±2. 2)Hz, P<0.001; n=35, (9.3±6.6)Hz, P<0. 001, respectively] compared to that of normal rats [n=39, (9.2±5.2)Hz]. However, no significant change was observed between two groups of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. With regard to firing pattern, 7.7%(3/39) of ZI neurons discharged regularly, 82.1% (32/39) irregularly and 10. 3% (4/39) in bursts in normal rats. During the second week after 6-OHDA lesion, the regular, irregular and bursting firing neurons recorded in the ZI were 9.4% (3/32), 59. 4% (19/32) and 31.3% (10/32), and during fourth week, the regular, irregular and bursting firing neurons were 14.3% (5/35), 57.1% (20/35) and 28. 6% (10/35), respectively. The firing pattern of the neurons in the three different groups did not change significantly. Conclusion These results suggest that the firing rate of ZI neurons in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats is increased significantly, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.