甲醇汽车冷起动性研究

甲醇的冷起动性是车用甲醇燃料应用中普遍存在的问题。本文针对这一问题,分析了甲醇发动机冷起动差的原因,阐述了当前改善甲醇发动机冷起动性的方法,通过对比分析得出:预热和甲醇中添加改善冷起动性的添加剂可以保证环境温度较低时发动机可靠的冷起动性,与电热塞预热相比,电热丝预热和共轨管预热甲醇发动机冷起动可靠性好。     

汽车轮胎压力监测系统综述

近些年因汽车轮胎压力故障引起的交通事故越来越多。为了规避危险,需要轮胎压力监测系统对轮胎压力进行实时监测。文中对汽车轮胎压力监测装置的功能要求及其性能指标和系统的关键问题进行了论述,并浅谈了轮胎压力监测系统今后的发展方向。     

基于设计思维的市场调研分析

本文运用各种现实生活中的例子直白讲述设计思维,并把设计思维引入到市场调研中去。文中阐述了市场调研的具体流程及创新性的调研方式,并结合实例着重讲述如何进行用户需求的挖掘。鼓励产品设计者运用设计思维进行用户需求的分析,指导产品设计开发。     

An experimental study of irregular wave forces on multiple quasi-ellipse caissons

An experimental investigation of irregular wave forces on quasi-ellipse caisson structures is presented. Irregular waves were generated based on the Jonswap spectrum with two significant wave heights, and the spectrum peak periods range from 1.19 s to 1.81 s. Incident wave directions relative to the centre line of the multiple caissons are from 0＆#176; to 22.5＆#176;. The spacing between caissons ranges from 2 to 3 times that of the width of the caisson. The effects of these parameters on the wave forces of both the perforated and non-perforated caissons were compared and analyzed. It was found that the perforated caisson can reduce wave forces, especially in the transverse direction. Furthermore, the relative interval and incident wave direction have significant effects on the wave forces in the case of multiple caissons.     

Rear‐end crash potential estimation in the work zone merging areas

This paper proposed a methodology to estimate rear‐end crash potential of the merging vehicles traveling in the merge lane, on the basis of the traffic data extracting from the available videotapes. First, we developed a binary logit model to identify drivers' merging behavior in the work zone merging area. Subsequently, the occurrence potential of rear‐end crash based on time‐to‐collision was computed between the merging vehicle and its neighboring vehicles. The overall crash potential of the merging vehicle was finally determined. It was found that the crash potential decreases with the remaining distance to work zone. Moreover, there will be a rear‐end crash potential of 4.0% if the merging vehicle fails to complete merging at the end of work zone merging area. If the merging vehicle takes an early merge, there will be a lower rear‐end crash potential (1.2%). These findings suggest that we should encourage merging vehicles to take early merges for improving the traffic safety in the work zone merging areas. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

电液伺服负载模拟器多余力补偿及控制策略

为了抑制多余力值,改善电液伺服系统加载精度与系统性能,在对正弦信号施力机构数学建模的基础上,提出了基于结构不变性原理的改进方案,利用驱动伺服机构位置反馈信号进行辨识,构造理想的速度补偿信号进行流量前馈补偿,抑制多余力,并利用最小二乘法在线辨识补偿信号修正相位有效地补偿了多余力.对正弦运动施力机构多余力的补偿提供了理论依据.     

既有地下人防洞库对基坑变形的影响分析

为了深入研究既有人防洞库对基坑变形的影响情况,运用 PLAXIS有限元程序对开挖进行模拟,得到在基坑开挖过程中,既有人防结构对基坑周边位移场、沉降变形及坑底土体隆起变形情况的影响。模拟计算结果表明,在相对于无人防洞库基坑开挖情况下,基坑开挖到人防结构时,基坑支护结构周围沉降变形模式明显改变,同时最大沉降有少许降低,而最终隆起量降低明显。人防洞库的存在对基坑变形有明显的限制作用,这种作用主要是限制坑底隆起,从而影响周围沉降。同时,总结出了基坑开挖地层变形的基本规律,为今后类似工程提供有益的参考。     

并联真空断路器断口结构仿真分析

通过数学建模分析阻抗分配对电流转移过程的影响,并通过Ansoft仿真软件仿真两种并联真空断路器结构的电流分配、电动力以及温升情况,为并联真空断路器断口结构优化设计提供理论支持和技术依据.     

The Application of RFID Technologies in Construction

RFID technologies have advanced greatly and deployed successfully in many industry sectors in recent years. Construction industry could benefit from the applications of RFID technologies but as yet has not found sufficient application areas. This project gives a comprehensive awareness of the RFID technologies, which focus on the investigation on the UK construction industry. The current status of RFID in construction and its potentials are specified in the analysis of questionnaires and case studies. Finally, basing on the investigations, some further tasks in developing RFID technologies are carried, including some recommendations, for the construction industry.     

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研究了求解城市交通连续网络设计问题的模拟退火算法参数选择原则。采用双层规划模型来描述固定需求下的城市交通连续网络设计问题,其中上层问题的目标函数为整个网络的总阻抗和总投资额之和,下层问题则是用户平衡配流模型。利用模拟退火算法求解上层模型,下层模型则采用基于路径的GP算法进行求解。本文首次采用了灵敏度分析方法分析参数选择对模拟退火算法求解连续网络设计问题影响,比较了各个参数对算法结果及时间的影响,确定了参数的选择原则。根据上述分析方法得到的参数选择原则来设定参数的取值,能够提高算法的执行效率和收敛精度。