国内外船用中高速柴油机产业现状和发展动态

未来10－15年，中高速柴油机仍将是大中型舰船，中型民船主机，辅机和高速艇的主要动力，与船用低速机不同，中、高速柴油机机型分布很分散，这就给我国船用中高速柴油机的发展带来了很多困难。本文较全面地分析了国内外船用中高速柴油机产业现状和发展动态，为我国船用中高速柴油机的发展提供参考依据。     

铁路运营效益分析决策支持系统应用研究

分析建立铁路运营效益分析决策支持系统的必要性和重要意义,提出研究方法和步骤,重点围绕效益可计量、使用全覆盖、流程可再造等方面进行探索,最终使其成为铁路运输企业生产运营信息化、管理决策现代化所紧密依赖的数字神经系统.     

Effectiveness of different orthoses on joint moments in patients with early knee osteoarthritis: Lateral wedge versus valgus knee bracing

The purpose of the study was to test the biomechanical differences between a lateral wedge and a valgus knee bracing on the knee joint moment during walking in patients with early stage of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA). We conducted a crossover randomized design to compare gait parameters of 32 patients (with early stage medial compartment knee OA) in three different conditions during walking: with a custom-made lateral wedge of 5° (in standard shoes), with a valgus knee bracing (in standard shoes), and with control condition (in standard shoes). Both two-orthose conditions showed decreased loading patterns (knee adduction moment and knee adduction angular impulse) on the knee joint in dynamic condition (statistic probability P < 0.05). The decreased loading on OA knee in wedge condition was associated with a laterally shifted location of centre of pressure and increased ankle valgus degree and moment at the same foot (P < 0.05). It was not found significant differences in loading of the knee between these two-orthose conditions. These results indicated that, under dynamic condition, patients wearing lateral wedge and valgus knee bracing showed changes of moments on knee joints. Lateral wedge was as effective as valgus knee bracing in the treatment of early stage of knee OA.     

酵母双杂交系统筛选HBV PreS1相互作用蛋白

目的利用Sos招募系统(SRS),构建含HBV PreS1基因的酵母双杂交诱饵载体,筛选人肝细胞与HBV PreS1蛋白相互作用的蛋白,进一步探讨HBV侵入肝细胞的机制。方法以HBV ayw亚型全长质粒PCP10为模板,PCR扩增HBV PreS1基因,克隆到酵母表达载体pSos中,构建诱饵质粒pSos-PreS1,将其转化cdc25酵母感受态细胞,提取酵母蛋白质进行Western blot分析,证实其在酵母细胞中的表达;将pSos-PreS1分别与pMyr Lamin C、pMyr SB共转化酵母,证实诱饵蛋白无自激活作用。将pSos-PreS1与人肝cDNA文库共转化cdc25酵母感受态细胞,通过营养及温度选择性培养筛选阳性菌落,扩增阳性菌落目的基因并测序。结果成功构建了HBV PreS1基因酵母双杂交诱饵载体pSos-PreS1,筛选得到5个准阳性克隆,序列分析表明其分别与人类钾通道调制因子1(KCMF1)、细胞色素C、VitD结合蛋白、人源去唾液酸糖蛋白受体(ASGPR)和人白蛋白具有高度同源性。结论利用SRS筛选出5个可能与HBV PreS1蛋白相互作用的蛋白,为进一步了解HBV侵入肝细胞的机制奠定了基础。     

振动压路机振动液压系统吸空问题分析

对振动压路机振动系统闭式液压回路原理进行分析,得出停振时液压系统容易产生高压腔吸空问题的原因。提出通过延长停振时间和增加补油量来解决液压系统吸空的措施,同时,给出了在补油回路增设低压蓄能器来抑制发生吸空问题的方案。     

振动压路机振幅的探讨

探讨了振动压路机振幅的定义。通过数学建模与试验数据分析的方法,对压路机的名义振幅和实际振幅进行分析,得出压路机的实际振幅受作业对象的性质影响较大的结论。同时,提出数学建模分析中将振动轮看作一个质点来分析振动压路机的振幅,分析结果与实际工况有一定差距。     

Assessing the accuracy of the Sydney Household Travel Survey with GPS

Over the past few years, GPS has been used in a number of surveys in the US to assess the accuracy of household travel surveys. The results have been somewhat alarming in that most of these exercises have shown that the standard trip-based CATI survey conducted in the US under-reports travel by about 20–25%. It was decided to use GPS to assess the accuracy of the Sydney Household Travel Survey, a continuous survey conducted by face-to-face interviewing. The procedure used was for the interviewers to recruit households for the household travel survey in the normal manner, and then, if the household met certain criteria, to endeavour to recruit the household to also undertake a GPS survey. A small sample of about 50 households was obtained, and GPS devices successfully retrieved that measured data on the same day as the travel diary was completed. In addition, participants in the GPS survey completed a prompted recall survey a week or two later, using maps and tabulations of travel obtained from the GPS devices, to identify mode, purpose and occupancy for trips measured by the GPS, and also to check for accuracy in defining trip ends and total number of trips. Based on the analysis of the GPS compared to the diary results, it was found that respondents under-reported their travel by about 7%, which is much less than in the US CATI results. Respondents were also found to under-report travel distances and over-report travel times. There was also a high incidence of non-reporting for VKT.

浅析滨海新区给天津港发展带来的机遇

国家将天津滨海新区的发展纳入到"十一五"总体发展规划中,给天津港的发展带来前所未有的机遇。介绍了天津滨海新区的情况,研究了天津滨海新区发展的现状,分析了滨海新区的发展给天津港带来的历史机遇,指出天津港要抓住这一机遇,加快自身的建设,实现自身的跨越式发展。     

高弹体改性SMA在桥面铺装中的应用

通过介绍桥面铺装使用要求和SMA的结构特点,对高弹体改性沥青和改性沥青SMA10进行了沥青及混合料性能对比试验,并在实体工程中应用。试验结果和实体工程使用情况说明,高弹体改性沥青SMA可以满足桥面铺装的要求,应用是成功的。     

CNG汽车增大点火提前角的性能试验

针对汽车油改气后所表现出的动力下降、加速性能差及气耗大等不足,从改变汽车发动机点火提前角大小的思路着手,对所研制的点火提前角控制器的结构、工作原理及安装调试等进行了较为详细地分析。表明采用增大天然气汽车点火提前角的方法,可以在不改变原车结构的情况下,能有效地提升天然气汽车的动力,是克服天然气汽车改装后动力不足最简单和直接的手段,是保障汽车油改气之效果的必要措施。