Response spectrum method for extreme wave loading with higher order components of drag force

Response spectra of fixed offshore structures impacted by extreme waves are investigated based on the higher order components of the nonlinear drag force. In this way, steel jacket platforms are simplified as a mass attached to a light cantilever cylinder and their corresponding deformation response spectra are estimated by utilizing a generalized single degree of freedom system. Based on the wave data recorded in the Persian Gulf region, extreme wave loading conditions corresponding to different return periods are exerted on the offshore structures. Accordingly, the effect of the higher order components of the drag force is considered and compared to the linearized state for different sea surface levels. When the fundamental period of the offshore structure is about one third of the main period of wave loading, the results indicate the linearized drag term is not capable of achieving a reliable deformation response spectrum.     

长江南京以下12.5m深水航道二期工程安全应急方案研究

安全应急预案对于提高安全事故中的救援能力、减少安全事故带来的损失具有重要的意义。以南京以下12.5m深水航道二期工程为背景,对拟定的安全应急预案进行分析研究,总结出安全应急预案体系包括综合安全应急预案、专项应急预案和现场处置方案,提炼各层次预案对应的事件类型和具体内容,并编制首接责任制下的应急组织机构和应急流程。     

Numerical modeling of ground response during diaphragm wall construction

Construction of diaphragm wall panels may cause considerable stress changes in heavily overconsolidated soil deposits and can induce substantial ground movement. The 3D Lagrangian method was adopted to model the mechanical response of ground, including horizontal normal stress and shear stress, lateral ground displacement and vertical ground surface settlement, during the slurry trenching and concreting of diaphragm wall panels. Numerical results show that slurry trenching leads to horizontal stress relief of ground, reducing the horizontal stress of the ground from initial K0 pressure to hydrostatic betonite pressure. Wet concrete pressure lies between the hydrostatic bentonite pressure and the initial K0 pressure, so it can compensate partially the horizontal stress loss of the ground adjacent to the trench and thus reduce the lateral movement of the trench face as well as the vertical settlement of the ground surface.     

体外预应力技术在牛首山河大桥加固中的应用

体外预应力技术是加固既有钢筋混凝土桥梁结构最有效的方法之一,本文结合南京机场高速牛首山河大桥体外预应力加固工程实例,介绍了这一技术的设计原则、施工工艺及其效果评价、检验方法等。     

Timing sequence changes of landscape plants in Shanghai Area,China

Based on published reports and direct observation, the common resources of landscape plant species in the Shanghai area were identified and studied in terms of the landscape characteristics of timing sequence changes over a one year time period. The results showed that there were 199 common landscape plant species in Shanghai, distributed in 67 families and 129 genera. These plants were categorized by three ornamental characteristics: flowers, foliage and fruits. The species were thus further analyzed according to the time periods which these characteristics were present. The results showed that flower ornamental distributed throughout the year, particularly from April to June, and plant species with colorful foliage could be seen every month, and particularly in November and December. On the other hand, few plant species with fruit ornamentals were observed in Shanghai area. The diversity of landscape timing sequence changes of the 199 plant species under examination was then analyzed by using the Shannon-Weiner and Simpson index formulas. The results showed that the higher diversity was observed in January, February and from August to October, while the lowest diversity was recorded from March to July and during November and December. The diversity of landscape characteristics of these plants was ranked according to foliage, flowers and fruit. Using this method, one park and one plant community were selected to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of their time-changing plant landscape, with the goal of assessing the validity of the chosen ranking method. These results in the present study would be helpful to evaluate the plant landscape in a specified space and further enrich the diversity of plant and landscape by a target-oriented way.     

钢板桩挡土结构加固方法研究

基于天津港某码头钢板桩在恶劣海洋环境下出现的严重锈蚀破损现象,采用ANSYS有限元建立了钢板桩结构与土相互作用的数值计算模型,分析了钢板桩在锈蚀及局部破损状况下的结构安全性。通过对帽板加固法、局部外包法的有限元计算分析,得到了以上2种加固方案下的土体变位和钢板桩受力情况,并结合经济性和施工可行性等指标推荐局部外包法为最优加固方案。     

双馈风力发电机系统有功和无功功率的解耦控制

双馈发电机的有功和无功功率的解耦控制是变速恒频(VSCF)风力发电系统的关键技术.文章阐述了变速恒频风力发电系统的工作原理,在分析双馈感应电机的动态数学模型以及定子磁链定向矢量控制的基础上,介绍了一种有效的有功和无功功率解耦控制方法.Matlab仿真结果表明,该控制方案能够很好地实现双馈电机的有功和无功功率的解耦控制,验证了其正确性和有效性.     

潮汕车站软土地基桩网复合地基试验研究

桩-网复合地基是近年发展起来的一种处理软土地基的有效方法,由桩、网和桩间土共同承担上部荷载,其作用机理复杂。通过潮汕车站试验段中桩-网复合地基处理段进行的路基现场试验,对桩-网复合地基中基底土压力、桩和土的沉降及地基侧向位移等进行观测测试,分析了桩土应力分担比的变化过程、沉降及侧向位移规律,有助于桩-网复合地基各组成部分的承载机理和应力传递机理的深入研究。     

“房桥合一”轨道层结构车致振动响应测试研究

为研究“房桥合一”轨道层结构车致振动特性与传播规律,选择天津西站轨道层结构,测试客、货列车通过时的轨道层结构振动加速度响应.16种工况共128组数据的分析结果表明:在列车低速通过时,“房桥合一”轨道层结构的加速度振级范围为83～113 dB;同一测点在相同振源距离、相同车型下,其振级随车速的增加而增大;在相同车速和车型下,测点的振级随距振源距离的增加而呈非线性减小,减小程度随距振源距离增加而降低.车速对“房桥合一”轨道层结构的主要车致振动响应频率的影响不大;距振源越近,频谱峰值越大;车速越高,频谱峰值越大.客、货列车对“房桥合一”轨道层结构的激振频率不同;货车对结构有低频激励影响,且高频激振不稳定;客车高频激励较为稳定.采用点振源函数拟合“房桥合一”轨道层结构的车致振动响应,获得了可以表征“房桥合一”轨道层结构车致振动传播规律的振动衰减曲线.     

生态护坡根系纤维土强度和变形特性实验研究

研究目的:目前在土坡工程防护设计中,植被防护土坡一般还仅局限于园林工程师的活动范畴。然而,在提倡环境保护的今天,利用根系发达的植被,把园林工艺学和土力学与环境岩土工程技术结合到一起应用到实践中去,可以很好地实现硬化和绿化的和谐统一。为此开展植被护坡的根系固土实验研究,借鉴纤维加筋土的研究思路,研究1 mm粗和1～2 cm长的根系纤维,在不同根系拌合长度和拌合量时对根系复合土强度和变形的影响。研究结论:实验表明根系能够提高土体的粘聚力c,但一般不改变土体的内摩擦角φ,类似于加筋土的试验发现;根系对土体延展性有一定的改善作用,多年生植被长的根系更加有利于边坡防护。