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271.
Bevan Marten 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2011,10(1):45-61
This article discusses the enforcement of shipping standards, with a particular focus on Part XII of UNCLOS. Section 6 of
Part XII contains the only comprehensive set of vessel-related enforcement provisions in the Convention, but the Part’s scope
is limited to “the preservation and protection of the marine environment.” Therefore, not all shipping standards fall clearly
within Part XII’s ambit, including those centered on safety, security, and crewing considerations. The enforcement provisions
of Section 6 are favorable to flag states and their vessels, and Section 7 contains a number of safeguards for their benefit,
so it is in the interests of these parties to have coastal state enforcement governed by Part XII. However, the ability of
coastal states to establish and enforce shipping standards that apply within the territorial sea extends to more than just
environmental matters. The result is that different standards give rise to different enforcement powers, depending on the
maritime zone in which a vessel is located, even if those standards arise from the same international agreement. It is suggested
that to remedy these problems, UNCLOS would need to be amended in order to provide a comprehensive enforcement regime for
the enforcement of shipping standards. 相似文献
272.
A novel method toward color image segmentation is proposed based on edge linking and region grouping. Firstly, the edges extracted
by the Canny detector are linked to form regions. Each of the end points of edges is connected by a direct line to the nearest
pixel on another edge segment within a sub-window. A new distance is defined based on the feature that the edge tends to preserve
its original direction. By sampling the lines to the image, the image is over-segmented to labeled regions. Secondly, the
labeled regions are grouped both locally and globally. A decision tree is constructed to decide the importance of properties
that affect the merging procedure. Finally, the result is refined by user’s selection of regions that compose the desired
object. Experiments show that the method can effectively segment the object and is much faster than the state-of-the-art color
image segmentation methods. 相似文献
273.
Democratic group signature (DGS) is a group-oriented primitive with great flexibilities, i.e., no group manager, anonymity,
and traceability. In a DGS scheme with (t, n)-threshold traceability, any subset of not less than t members can jointly reveal the identity of the signer while preserving security even in the presence of an active adversary
can corrupt up to t − 1 group members. This paper proposes an efficient DGS scheme. We use publicly verifiable secret sharing (PVSS) to distribute
the trapdoor via which the real signer is revealed. The computation cost and communication overhead of our DGS signatures
are greatly reduced, compared with the existing work. For example, the size of the resulting signature contains only 2n + 1 elements of Z
q
, except the PVSS output. 相似文献
274.
对加快我军航空运输装备建设发展的若干思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析了我军当前航空战略投送装备存在的主要问题,在借鉴美军先进经验的基础上,提出了加强我军军用运输机(运输直升机)等航空战略投送装备建设发展的对策建议,例如尽快生产并配备大型运输机、发展超大型战略运输机及直升机、升级改造现有中型运输机和开展新型多用途飞机预研,对于有效增强我军战略投送能力具有重要意义。 相似文献
275.
自行车在城市交通中的定位 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
自行车交通具有方便、快捷、无污染的优点,但也存在不少问题,应认真研究其特点及其对城市交通的影响,以便对自行车交通进行科学合理的规划和引导,明确自行车在城市交通中的定位及发展方向。 相似文献
276.
277.
278.
An analysis of the determinants of children’s weekend physical activity participation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper examines the out-of-home, weekend, time-use patterns of children aged 5–17 years, with a specific emphasis on their
physical activity participation. The impact of several types of factors, including individual and household demographics,
neighborhood demographics, built environment characteristics, and activity day variables, on physical activity participation
is analyzed using a joint nested multiple discrete–continuous extreme value-binary choice model. The sample for analysis is
drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey. The model developed in the paper can be used to assess the impacts
of changing demographics and built environment characteristics on children’s physical activity levels. 相似文献
279.
多刚体系统动力学在汽车转向和悬架系统运动分析中的应用 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
多刚体系统动力学是近20年发展起来的力学新分支。本文以该领域中的R-W方法为理论基础,编制了可自动建模半进行计算机值仿真计算的汽车转向,悬架运动分析通用程度,运用该程度对大量的实车进行了计算分析,经整车和转向悬架系统的试验结果表明,用该程序进行汽车转向,悬架运动分析,所得结果准确,计算迅速,可方便地进行转向,悬架设计方案的比较和参数的选择。 相似文献
280.
车用汽油发动机动力性与机械损失功率的快速检测 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文阐述了无外载惯量加速测功原理,指出了国内现有同类仪器存在的问题。提出了采用油门定开度、多次自由加、减速测量在用汽车发动机动力性与机械损失功率的方法,从而提高测量精度,获得重复性的测试结果。 相似文献