扩散层孔隙率随机分布对燃料电池性能的影响

质子交换膜燃料电池气体扩散层孔隙率分布对燃料电池性能有着重要的影响.本文建立了一个单电池的三维模型,分别考虑了扩散层孔隙率均匀统计分布、正态统计分布、单一统计分布三种情况,并用有限控制体法对模型进行了求解.结果表明,孔隙率单一统计分布扩散层的传质性能最好,且MEA的温度分布最均匀,因此电池性能最好.     

关于车辆燃油箱取油方案的技术改进

针对目前车辆燃油箱在取油时,采用连接法兰的方案对燃油箱本体造产生了严重的焊接变形,笔者通过分析焊接法兰方案找出不足,提出了新的改进方案。     

嵌入式油船排油监控系统的设计

以基于ARM Cortex^(TM)-M3内核的STM32F107VCT6微处理器为硬件平台,将μC/OS-II嵌入式实时操作系统移植到微处理器之上,搭建了系统软件开发平台,开发出排油监控系统控制器,集数据采集、GPS定位、分析计算、指令执行、数据存储、记录打印等功能于一体。给出了控制单元具体的软硬件实现方法,在.Net开发环境下利用Visual C#编程语言完成计算机监控软件的构建,实现了与控制单元的通信。在油船货油装卸模拟系统的运行结果表明,该排油监控系统可满足国际海事组织(IMO)关于油船排油监控系统的有关要求。     

构建船舶微电网的研究

本文提出了船舶微电网概念,对船舶微电网的概念进行了定义和阐述,提出船舶微电网不能以"补充"角色接入船舶主电网,而应该以"船舶功能电网替换升级"的角色接入的研究思路,从而彻底改变传统的船舶电力系统功能网络架构。以四机组单主电站供电的大型远洋船舶电力系统为例,给出了与其相适应的船舶微电网架构形式,分析了船舶微电网独特的运行方式和相对于陆地微电网的差异,探讨了船舶微电网系统须研究的关键技术,最后指出船舶微电网建设对于我国船舶工业发展的意义和实施过程中的优势。     

嵌入式PC的喷水推进装置监控系统的设计与实现

如今在高速船舶领域,喷水推进装置正被广泛的应用,在很大程度上取代了传统的螺旋桨驱动方式。由于计算机和通讯技术的发展,很多新技术被应用到喷水推进装置监控系统上,取得了良好的效果。文章首先对喷水推进装置进行了简要的介绍,然后根据工程的实际需求,设计并实现了基于嵌入式PC的喷水推进监控系统。     

论基于生命线工程的城市桥梁防灾减灾

进入21世纪以来,随着我国城市化进程的大力推进,各地的城市桥梁建设得到日新月异的发展,呈现出大规模城市桥梁建设的新高潮。与此同时,针对各地频繁出现一些灾害事故,国家住房和城乡建设部发布了"关于建设系统防灾减灾工作的意见"。该文首先诠释了作为城市生命线工程的重要组成部分——城市桥梁防灾减灾的内涵,通过对发生在美国、日本和中国的7个防灾减灾典型案例进行综合分析,客观地指出了当前我国城市桥梁防灾减灾的现状和存在的问题,指出了当今国际桥梁界在该领域的发展趋势,并提出了相关对策建议,以期引起人们对城市桥梁的防灾减灾问题的高度重视,推动我国城市桥梁建设的健康和可持续发展。     

基于ASP技术的中国铁道机车车辆网站开发

中国铁道机车车辆网是中国铁道机车车辆行业性网站,网站信息采用数据库管理,采用ASP(Active Server Pages)和ADO(ActiveX Data Objects)技术,实现网页内容的动态显示以及数据的录入、搜索等,并开发了一个后台管理程序,用于数据库的管理维护.网站开发过程表明,通过ASP技术建设行业性动态网站是非常快速可靠的.     

基于整数提升小波和Rice编码的机车信号波形数据的无损压缩方法

针对铁路现场机车信号实际运用情况,提出了一种基于整数提升小波变换和Rice编码的机车信号记录波形数据的无损压缩方法.该方法利用提升结构的整数小波原位运算实现对信号波形数据的快速预测和更新,再对变换后的数据进行Rice无损压缩编码.实验证明,该方法能够达到对机车信号记录器波形数据进行快速、高效的无损压缩存储的要求.     

On the effect of operational service attributes on transit satisfaction

Public transport (PT) providers aim to offer services that meet users’ satisfaction, and for this, they can control some operational service attributes such as frequency, speed, crowdedness and reliability. Understanding how these objective attributes affect user satisfaction is essential to improve it cost-effectively, but these associations have not been examined enough in the PT literature. This study aims to unveil how key transit operational variables actually experienced by users affect their satisfaction. We analysed data derived from a multiannual consumer satisfaction survey for the Santiago de Chile Metro system; between January 2013 and June 2016 (n?=?41,993), where approximately 1000 questionnaires were completed each month. We also gained access to a set of operational variables managed by Metro for the same period, including more than 1.4 million records. With this unique dataset, we first developed a structural equation model (SEM) with users’ perceived attributes, finding that safety, ease of boarding, response to critical incidents (CI), the number and type of CI endured, and information, were the variables that mostly affected satisfaction. We also examined heterogeneity in transit satisfaction with SEM-MIMIC models, by characterising the user population through their trip and socioeconomic characteristics, finding a striking result: that as users age they are more satisfied with the system. Next, we assessed whether including operational service attributes, such as crowding levels, frequency, commercial speed and CI, added predictive power to the proposed model. We found that the number of CI, speed, frequency and crowdedness, plus their variability (measured through the coefficient of variation), affected transit satisfaction at significant levels. Including these objective service attributes provided more explanatory power to the SEM-MIMIC transit satisfaction models. Policy recommendations for improving satisfaction, derived from our results, are: to implement an automatic control system for the number of passengers on Metro platforms (as safety and ease of boarding are critical issues for passengers); and to deploy a comprehensive tactical plan to address CI: determine which happen more often, take actions to minimise them and provide better responsive actions.

     

软硬交替地层超深地下连续墙施工技术

基于杭州地区上部软土、下部硬质岩的软硬交替地层中超深地下连续墙施工背景,文章针对杭州某地铁车站、过江隧道、供水管道等地下连续墙成槽时间长易导致失稳、成槽垂直度控制难、钢筋笼对接质量控制难等问题,通过采取台阶式交替开挖、超声波检测加强过程跟踪、钢板加焊修正槽壁前后偏差、千斤顶微调下笼姿态等施工技术措施,保证基坑工程的地下连续墙施工质量,接缝位置处均无渗漏水现象。