基于BIM的山岭隧道施工信息化管理系统研发与应用

隧道施工现场采集的结构、地质、施工信息碎片化严重，缺乏统一组织手段，分析利用难度大，隧道动态设计与信息化施工水平有待提高。为支撑隧道工程施工信息化，对施工数据进行标准化定义，开发数据标准化工具，以支撑施工期异构数据统一组织应用。针对BIM技术在设计与施工中难以落地、工程数据难以集成的问题，研究多尺度BIM模型建立方法，并以里程为索引，集成地质、进度、设计方案等信息，实现施工数据统一管理与可视化。基于动态更新的施工现场数据与轻量化BIM模型，建立以集成信息模型为核心，桌面端、网页端与移动端应用综合服务的施工信息化管理系统，提供全面施工决策信息，动态评估施工风险，保障工程效率与安全。经云南老营特长公路隧道工程实践验证，本系统基本满足信息化管理需求，对隧道工程信息化管理及BIM技术的工程应用具有借鉴意义。     

面向大型活动的交通应急预案快速生成与动态优化方法

现阶段大型活动突发事件下的交通组织应急预案多依赖人工经验，缺少针对性和定量化应急措施。针对预案的快速匹配问题，提出利用交通应急预案库中的历史案例提取突发事件特征属性，基于案例推理和朴素贝叶斯分类快速生成初始预案，并依据贝叶斯分类算法所得后验概率选取属性不完备情况下的最佳匹配预案。在此基础上，基于改进的规则推理建立交通应急预案库知识库和规则库，并采用正向推理修改预案内容。为构建评价指标体系，基于模糊层次分析法对预案应急能力水平和突发事件严重程度进行模糊评价。以北京2022年冬奥会为仿真案件，试验结果表明该方法可以快速生成最佳匹配预案并完成动态调整与完善。      

A programmable calculation procedure for number of traffic conflict points at highway intersections

Traffic movement conflict points at intersections are the points at which traffic movements intersect (including crossing, merging, and diverging). Numbers and distribution of different types of conflict points are used to evaluate intersection access management designs and safety performance. Traditionally, the determination of the numbers of conflict points for different traffic movements is based on manual methods, which causes the difficulty for computerized procedures to evaluate safety performance of different access management designs. Sometimes, a programmable calculation procedure may provide more effective solutions as compared with manual methods. This paper presents a programmable calculation procedure for the determination of the numbers of conflict points, which could be used as a basis for a computerized procedure. Concepts of virtual movement lanes and intersection quadrants are introduced to specify types of intersections, traffic lane configurations, and traffic movement regulations. Calculation models, based on such concepts, for traffic movement conflict points at signalized and unsignalized intersections can be obtained. In support of the procedure, case studies are presented in the paper. The procedure presented in the paper can be programmed into a computer program for the purpose of a computerized evaluation of intersection safety and design performance of different access management or control approaches. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国汽车电商气候已成?

<正>当前汽车电商主要有四种模式,垂直门户电商、传统电商平台、厂商自建平台,经销商自建平台,这四种模式各有优劣,但整体而言,汽车电商未来的发展被市场所看好。2014年,随着京东、阿里巴巴成功在美国上市,标志着我国电子商务发展进入一个新的阶段。当下,众多媒体、传统电商、车企、经销商也借着这股东风,纷纷布局汽车电商,至"双十一",各家涉足者立足自身优势,各展神通,形成汽车电商的新高潮,甚至有人称2014年为中国汽车电子商务元年。     

大型船可调桨推进装置机动工况分析不容忽视

论述主柴油机螺旋桨(FPP、CPP)推进特性的同时,结合螺旋桨推力系数(KP)、扭矩系数(Km)、随螺旋桨进程比,(λp)的变化情况,指出λp在大于某一定值后,螺旋桨将出现负推力和负转矩,这称为螺旋桨的水涡轮工况。此现象多发生在船舶机动作业的紧急换向工况中,对于CPP船若控制不慎,可能引发主机飞车或使船舶实际换向时间太长,两者都将延误船舶紧急避碰时机。现推荐一种"能耗法"的控制方法,可以有效地缩短船舶紧急换向实际时间,避免海难事故,保障航行安全。     

计算机自动控制热电偶检测系统

计算机自动控制热电偶检测系统是按照检定规程对检测精度要求采用数字PID控制，运用工业控制软件开发工具对炉温控制系统进行优化，使温控达到标准化，同时对标准偶和被检偶的数据采集、处理、检定结果进行综合分析。     

基于虚拟试验场的强化路面建模方法研究

虚拟试验场是依据某汽车试验场建立的,可用于在仿真环境下对车辆进行路试试验。虚拟试验场的路面建模需要保证具有实际路面特性,文章针对虚拟试验场建立中强化路面的建立问题进行研究,提出一种方法,可以准确的建立虚拟试验场的强化路面。利用双轨路面计测量强化路面的不平度,对测试数据进行分析处理,保证测量结果的准确性,应用试验场规则路面的详细尺寸信息建立模拟路面。对于规则强化路面,应用实际尺寸和技术规范等信息建立,对于不规则强化路面,利用实际测量的路面不平度,通过功率谱估计、路面等级分析、路面不平度数字化等建立模拟路面。通过相关性分析,保证所建立的模拟路面的准确性和可信性。     

基于模糊综合评价法的馈能悬架结构方案评价

馈能型悬架是可以回收悬架之间振动能量的新型悬架,研究国内外几种馈能型悬架方案的结构和工作原理,运用模糊综合评价法对馈能型悬架的结构方案进行评价.结果表明液电馈能型悬架方案具有明显的优势,是最可行的馈能型悬架结构方案.     

Safety modeling for two‐way left‐turn lanes and a procedure to identify two‐way left‐turn lane segments with safety concerns

In the past, two‐way left‐turn lane (TWLTL) median treatments have been frequently used in Florida to inexpensively improve traffic and safety performances. In order to identify factors that may have significant impacts on safety operations in TWLTL sections and to identify TWLTL locations that present existing and future safety concerns, a research project was carried out and results are summarized in the paper. In the research, a three‐year crash history database with crashes and section characteristics from a total of 1688 TWLTL sections all over Florida was developed and used. A negative binomial regression model was developed to determine the statistical relationship between the number of crashes per mile per year and several variables such as traffic volume, access density, posted speed, and number of lanes. In regard to the methodology, in order to identify locations with safety concerns, several steps are needed: development of real crash data distribution, determination of statistical distribution models that better represent the actual crash data, determination of percentile values for the average number of crashes, estimation of crash rates for sections with the same characteristics, estimation of critical values for the variables corresponding to the percentile values for average number of crashes, calculation of tables of critical average annual daily traffic values, and generation of a list of TWLTL locations with critical safety concerns. Results presented in the paper have been used in real applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.