动力定位船舶的FMEA介绍

围绕DP2和DP3动力定位船舶的设计、建造、检验及运营管理,介绍了FMEA在整个周期中所起的重要作用,结合各船级社和IMO规范要求,详述了FMEA的概念,分析和试验的方法、步骤和流程,并对单点故障、冗余等相关概念作了具体描述;最后简述了船舶DP操作手册的基本概念。     

国外测量船技术现状及其发展趋势

本文介绍世界主要海洋国家的测量船、观测仪器、设备的现状及其发展趋势。     

Correcting injection pressure maladjustments to reduce NOX emissions by marine diesel engines

Emissions from the exhausts of marine diesel engines comprises several different gases including NO_X. These are currently regulated at the international level under Regulation 13 of ANNEX VI of MARPOL 73/78, but this regulation only applies to new engines and is based on bench tests, for only a single engine designated the “parent engine”. Here, the need to take measurements from across their whole range and once in operation on board a vessel is examined. This would not only improve assessment of new equipment against the current regulation, but would also detect defects in the functioning of the engine.     

Surface patterns of zooplankton spatial variability detected by high frequency sampling in the NW Mediterranean. Role of density fronts

High frequency sampling was performed in daylight hours along a 35 km transect in the Ligurian Sea to investigate the upper layer zooplankton distribution during the spring phytoplankton bloom. The results show detailed spatial structure and biomass of key zooplankton functional groups, copepods, salps and krill larvae, within the different water masses characterizing this region. Although observed values of total copepod biomass distribution were rather constant along the transect, species-specific patterns were observed in the copepod spatial distribution. The larger species Calanus helgolandicus, as well as Centropages typicus, Oithona spp., and Oncaea spp., were associated with the frontal zone. However, Acartia spp. had a scattered distribution, and Clausocalanus/Paracalanus did not have a clear pattern. In addition, krill larvae were concentrated in the frontal area and salps had a scattered pattern. The cross-shore zooplankton distribution appeared strongly influenced by both the Northern Ligurian current governing inshore waters, which acts as a major flushing forcing, and the Ligurian front, which governs offshore waters and may act as retention area for zooplankton.     

Can mixed logit reveal the actual data generating process? Some implications for environmental assessment

Recent advances in the specification of the utility function of mixed logit models allow the analyst, in principle, to consider a vast variety of individual heterogeneity. Nevertheless, when estimating the model it is common practice to experience severe difficulties in discriminating between different specifications to infer the “true” data generating process. We investigate possible sources for this difficulty focusing on the confounding effects inherent in two basic assumptions of discrete choice model utilities: linearity in the parameters and added error terms. We analyse the role of these assumptions in giving rise to confounding effects and why this increases the difficulty of discriminating among different structures. Finally, we investigate how these problems may affect benefit appraisal using these models. Empirical evidence is provided for two different environmental contexts and a more typical transport context using various kinds of data.     

桥梁支座典型病害分析及对策

随着桥梁建设的飞速发展和荷载等级的不断提高,支座也被广泛地使用于桥梁中,同时也出现了支座使用、安装和耐久性问题等等,这些问题都是影响结构安全性和耐久性的重要因素,需要通过科学手段、方法加以诊断、评价。     

二尖瓣脱垂综合征患者QT离散度分析

测定了30例二尖瓣脱垂综合征伴室性心律失常患者的QTd。结果发现，二尖瓣脱垂组QTd、QTcd、JTd显著延长，说明心室肌复极有局部的不均一性和电不稳定性，离散度与室性心律失常的发生密切相关，可能是室性心律失常发生的机理之一。QTd不仅能预测室性心律失常及猝死，而且能指导临床用药，是一很好的临床观察指标。     

坪口2号桥10号墩裂缝水下探测研究

以沪昆铁路坪口2号桥10号墩为研究对象，采用水下探测成像技术，取得桥墩水下部分的影像资料。通过对影像资料的分析，得出病害发生的原因以及墩身状态，并制定出解决方案。水下探测成像技术相对其他探测技术，有着直观、准确等优势。将砌体结构看成由砌块、砂浆以及它们之间的粘结带组成的复合结构体，从受压砌体的工作原理入手探寻砌体桥墩裂缝发生的原因。     

结合均值导纳法的声呐腔自噪声统计能量分析

讨论了湍流边界层激励下声呐腔自噪声统计能量分析.采用圆柱一圆板组合结构模拟艏部声呐罩,重点讨论了湍流边界层输入功率计算,及利用均值导纳法求解多耦合结构之间的直接耦合损耗因子及间接耦合损耗因子,给出了详细的理论推导,最后给出了具体的算例.分析结果可作为湍流边界层激励下声呐腔自噪声工程估算的参考.     

内河干线航道服务区布局研究

为了有效地指导我国水网地区内河干线航道服务区规划建设,提升内河航道服务水平和水运行业形象,增强航道服务性功能,从内河航道服务区研究背景与研究现状分析入手,从航道服务性功能角度出发,对内河航道服务区进行系统定义与分类;结合船民服务需求意向调查,对各类服务区进行功能定位;分析内河干线航道服务区布局的指导性原则、要求、步骤,提出分类布局、整体优化的航道服务区布局方法.