枢纽下游近坝段不同类型河段的再造床过程及其对航道条件的影响

枢纽蓄水运用改变了坝下河段的水沙条件,其中径流过程的变化,改变了不同流量级水流的水动力条件和造床能力,输沙量的改变.是引发坝下游河床调整的关键.根据三峡和丹江口下游近坝河段实测资料,分析了相对窄深.低水分汊、两岸约束很强,以及低水分汊、两岸约束很弱等3种类型河段在蓄水以后冲淤调整特点,在此基础上分析了其冲淤变化对航道条件的影响.结果表明:当河段相对窄深时,河段冲刷主要为下切;当河段为相对宽浅的低水分汊河段且河岸约束较强时,蓄水以后的冲淤变化主要体现为江心洲潍的冲淤调整、汊道深泓高程差的冲淤调整,并引起主支汊分流比的调整:当河段为较为宽浅的低水分汊河段且河岸约束相对较弱时,则冲刷调整不仅限于分流比的调整,甚至会导致大的分汊格局的调整.无论如何调整,都有可能引起新的航道问题.     

Statistical comparison of trace metal concentrations in wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) in selected sites of Galicia and Gulf of Biscay (Spain)

Concentrations of five trace metals (Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu and Zn) in wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Galician and Gulf of Biscay areas in Spain were monitored from 2000 to 2004. A pool of mussel soft tissue was prepared using 50 or more individuals representing the available size range (35–60 mm) present at the sampling points (A Coruña, Pontevedra and Vigo–Galicia, NW of Spain—and Avilés, Bilbao and Santander–Gulf of Biscay). Metals were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry, AAS, (flame–AAS: Cu and Zn; graphite furnace–AAS: Cd and Pb; flow injection-cold vapour–AAS: total Hg). Quality of the chemical analyses was assessed by participation in periodic QUASIMEME intercalibration exercises carried out from 2000 to 2004, while the present study was developed . Univariate statistical studies, Anova (Analysis of the Variance) and Principal Component Analysis (autoscaled data, Varimax rotation) were carried out. Differences between the two areas as well as certain temporal trends were found and, in general, the Gulf of Biscay samples showed higher metallic contents, mainly close to Avilés, where iron and steel factories thrown residues for years into a nearby coastal area.     

Safety modeling for two‐way left‐turn lanes and a procedure to identify two‐way left‐turn lane segments with safety concerns

In the past, two‐way left‐turn lane (TWLTL) median treatments have been frequently used in Florida to inexpensively improve traffic and safety performances. In order to identify factors that may have significant impacts on safety operations in TWLTL sections and to identify TWLTL locations that present existing and future safety concerns, a research project was carried out and results are summarized in the paper. In the research, a three‐year crash history database with crashes and section characteristics from a total of 1688 TWLTL sections all over Florida was developed and used. A negative binomial regression model was developed to determine the statistical relationship between the number of crashes per mile per year and several variables such as traffic volume, access density, posted speed, and number of lanes. In regard to the methodology, in order to identify locations with safety concerns, several steps are needed: development of real crash data distribution, determination of statistical distribution models that better represent the actual crash data, determination of percentile values for the average number of crashes, estimation of crash rates for sections with the same characteristics, estimation of critical values for the variables corresponding to the percentile values for average number of crashes, calculation of tables of critical average annual daily traffic values, and generation of a list of TWLTL locations with critical safety concerns. Results presented in the paper have been used in real applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅谈城市轨道交通建设项目水土保持防治措施

以上海市徐汇区某轨道交通工程项目为例,围绕工程及项目特点,展开分析了该类型生产项目建设的水土流失特点及防治分区特征,并对水土保持措施进行总体布局,以确保城市轨道交通项目水土保持防治措施全面有效地发挥作用.     

Further study on the ultimate strength analysis of spherical pressure hulls

From a comparative study it is concluded that current design rules for the spherical pressure hull of manned submersible need to be updated and unified. In this paper, a series of spherical pressure hulls are calculated by nonlinear FEM. Based on these numerical results, the influence of critical arch length and the relationship of ultimate strength with t/R and structural imperfection are studied. Finally, empirical formulae for the ultimate strength of the titanium alloy spherical pressure hull of deep manned submersible based on numerical computations are given. The formulae can be used as the core equations to update current design rules.     

Carrier冷藏集装箱微电脑控制器排气压力故障排除

通过对CARRIER冷藏集装箱排气压力故障的分析,阐述修理冷藏集装箱微电脑控制器的一般分析方法、测试方法及应注意问题。     

橡胶球形关节压装装置的设计与应用

介绍了DF11型内燃机车轮对橡胶关节压装装置的工作原理、主要结构、关键部件的设计及应用情况。     

余杭水路运输应对运河综合治理与保护的发展策略

详细分析了余杭区水运发展现状,指出应充分利用自身的区位优势,紧紧抓住机遇,制定科学合理的规划和措施,更好地应对运河综合治理与保护,真正发挥运河“黄金水道”的价值。     

大跨度软岩公路隧道控制爆破技术

介绍凉风凹1#隧道进口段光面爆破的特点及爆破方案的确定,进而阐述爆破参数的选择、施工方法及工艺对控制隧道超欠挖起的作用,该工程开挖段光爆效果良好。     

视频压缩技术的发展方向

MPEG的发展历史、MPEG-1、MPEG-2及MPEG-4标准的特点，并对MPEG的发展方向提出了自己的观点。