盐冻条件下矩形氯丁橡胶支座受压性能试验

为了研究矩形氯丁橡胶支座在盐冻条件下的各项力学性能指标变化,将矩形氯丁橡胶支座分别进行20,40,60,80 d盐冻处理,并采用压力试验机对其进行轴心受压试验,研究盐冻对矩形氯丁橡胶支座的承载力、极限抗压强度、竖向刚度、抗压弹性模量的影响。试验结果表明:在盐冻条件下,矩形氯丁橡胶支座更易发生脆性破坏,弹性阶段缩短,发生钢板外露、裂缝、层状破坏等现象更严重;承载力、极限抗压强度、竖向刚度、抗压弹性模量随盐冻程度的加深而逐渐降低。采用最小二乘法对试验结果进行回归得到盐冻条件下矩形氯丁橡胶支座50 a抗压强度及抗压弹性模量衰减曲线和衰减模型,统计分析表明衰减曲线和衰减模型符合实际情况。     

钢铁企业成品出运全天候码头关键技术

水路运输是钢铁成品出口的重要运输途径之一,然而该出运方式极易受到雨天影响,这使产品周转受到制约、企业蒙受经济损失。本文引出全天候码头设计概念,分析设计要素,对设计关键技术进行探讨。     

无线网状网路由协议的路由判据研究与改进

针对AODV协议的跳数路径判据的不足,以传统的ETX判据为基础,将链路质量、链路干扰和节点负载等参数相结合,提出新的路径判据计算方案,通过仿真实验证明,新的方案的路径选择算法有助于提高网络吞吐量,降低丢包率和平均延时,对于提高网络性能是行之有效的。     

Review of GPS Travel Survey and GPS Data-Processing Methods

Abstract

Global positioning system (GPS) devices have been utilised in travel surveys since the late 1990s. Because GPS devices are very accurate at recording time and positional characteristics of travel, they can correct the trip-misreporting issue resulting from self-reports of travel and improve the accuracy of travel data. Although the initial idea of using GPS surveys in transport data collection was just to replace paper-based travel diaries, GPS surveys currently are being applied in a number of transport fields. Several general reviews have been done about GPS surveys in the literature review sections in some papers, but a detailed systematic review from GPS data collection to the whole procedure of GPS data processing has not been undertaken. This paper comprehensively reviews the development of GPS surveys and their applications, and GPS data processing. Different from most reviews in GPS research, this paper provides a detailed and systematic comparison between different methods from trip identification to mode and purpose detection, introduces the methods that researchers and planners are currently using, and discusses the pros and cons of those methods. Based on this review, researchers can choose appropriate methods and endeavour to improve them.     

高危害交通事故形态及致因的灰色分析

高危害交通事故是指在交通事故统计中造成主要人员伤亡及财产损失的事故,为识别高危害交通事故的主要形态,探寻其致因,提出一种基于灰色理论的分析方法.将道路交通事故危害程度划分为4个灰类,构建4个灰类的白化权函数,通过灰色定权聚类系数确定高危害交通事故的主要形态和致因.以深圳市为例,基于全年交通事故数据,识别出深圳市高危害性交通事故的4类主要形态和6种主要致因.研究表明:车辆碰撞是高危害事故的主要形态,驾驶过程中妨碍安全行车的行为、酒驾以及未保持安全车距等是产生高危害事故的主要原因.针对高危害交通事故的主要形态和致因,提出相应的交通安全管理对策,有利于减少高危害交通事故,提升道路安全水平.     

港口物流与核心腹地经济发展关系的协整分析

为了响应国家中部崛起战略,分析武汉港口物流与核心腹地经济发展之间的关系.根据2000～2010年武汉市港口物流与经济发展的数据,利用协整理论及其计量学分析软件eviews6.0,对武汉市港口物流与经济发展进行协整分析.通过协整检验发现,港口物流与区域经济发展之间存在长期的均衡关系;Granger因果检验表明,港口物流与经济发展之间存在单向的Granger因果关系,经济发展是港口集装箱吞吐量的格兰杰原因,表明武汉经济快速发展促进了港口集装箱吞吐量的增长,是港口物流发展的重要推动力.     

900t轮胎式提梁机吊杆的有限元分析

900 t轮胎式提梁机是为高速铁路施工而开发的新机型。其主要功能是在预制梁场内对混凝土箱梁进行起吊、搬运和配合运梁车进行装车;其具有性能稳定、高效、功能集成化高的特点。主要介绍900 t轮胎式提梁机吊杆在吊运过程中的主要受力情况及在不同工况情况下的受力分析,根据最不利的工况进行有限元分析,分析结果跟实际应用中探伤结果进行比较,发现设计的吊杆可以满足1 000次吊装,并且改进延长探伤时间为加工吊杆提供优化的设计方案。     

Effectiveness of different orthoses on joint moments in patients with early knee osteoarthritis: Lateral wedge versus valgus knee bracing

The purpose of the study was to test the biomechanical differences between a lateral wedge and a valgus knee bracing on the knee joint moment during walking in patients with early stage of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA). We conducted a crossover randomized design to compare gait parameters of 32 patients (with early stage medial compartment knee OA) in three different conditions during walking: with a custom-made lateral wedge of 5° (in standard shoes), with a valgus knee bracing (in standard shoes), and with control condition (in standard shoes). Both two-orthose conditions showed decreased loading patterns (knee adduction moment and knee adduction angular impulse) on the knee joint in dynamic condition (statistic probability P < 0.05). The decreased loading on OA knee in wedge condition was associated with a laterally shifted location of centre of pressure and increased ankle valgus degree and moment at the same foot (P < 0.05). It was not found significant differences in loading of the knee between these two-orthose conditions. These results indicated that, under dynamic condition, patients wearing lateral wedge and valgus knee bracing showed changes of moments on knee joints. Lateral wedge was as effective as valgus knee bracing in the treatment of early stage of knee OA.     

大跨度悬索桥鞍座出口处主缆的二次应力

大跨度悬索桥主缆的应力在主鞍座处最高,主缆次应力在此处也比较大。采用不同的假设条件可建立主鞍座处主缆二次应力的几种计算方法,针对某实桥,将不同计算方法所得到的计算结果与实测结果进行了比较,并对悬索桥索鞍出口处主缆在恒载和活载作用下的二次应力和安全系数进行了计算。结果表明:在主缆变形较小时,不同计算方法所得到的计算结果与实测值较吻合;在主缆变形较大时,索鞍出口处主缆的二次应力计算需将钢丝的滑移及钢丝间极限摩擦剪力随主缆轴力增大而发生改变的影响考虑进去。通过计算所得到的索鞍出口处主缆的安全系数达到2.0,并且在施工过程中采取适当的措施可以减小这一位置处的二次应力。     

地铁隧道活塞风成风影响因子分析

地铁列车在进站或驶离车站过程中产生的活塞效应及其活塞风与地铁通风和能耗关系密切。随着地铁的广泛应用,如何在保证满足站厅和站台层舒适度要求的前提下,尽可能的降低能耗,减少运行费用,是建设和管理部门必须考虑的问题。所以有关活塞风的合理利用对于实现地铁运营节能具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。从活塞风的成因出发,系统的研究了影响活塞风成风大小的因素,对影响活塞风成风的主要因素进行了SES单因素模拟试验,并指出活塞风成风因素的优化选择。这既是合理利用活塞风以实现进一步节能的有效途径,也为地铁设计和运营提供理论上的支持和技术上的参考。