尾压浪板升力研究及其对WPC耐波性的影响

尾压浪板出现近半个世纪,较好改善了船舶性能。尾压浪板受到方尾、自由液面及鸡尾流的影响,其水动力性能极其复杂。目前大多数资料是试验探索而无理论方面的研究。采用势流理论,考虑方尾、自由液面及鸡尾流的影响,对尾压浪板升力系数斜率和零升力攻角进行研究,推导的公式和试验结果吻合良好。试验和计算表明:升力中心在船体上,升力系数斜率随Fr增加而减小,Fr0.5左右趋于稳定;零升力攻角随Fr增加而减小,对升力系数影响较大,低速可达-19°,高速可达-6°。研究结果用于穿浪双体船(WPC)耐波性研究,尾压浪板对垂荡几乎没有影响,可减少纵摇约10%。     

液化天然气船的船岸兼容性研究

液化天然气运输船和液化天然气终端兼容性是液化天然气船舶终端准入程序的重要组成部分,是船舶和终端海事安全管理的重要课题之一。船岸兼容性研究包括航行兼容性、靠泊兼容性、装卸料臂兼容性、储存能力兼容性和人员进入兼容性等方面。船岸兼容为船舶进出港、靠泊和货物装卸等作业提供必要的安全保障。只有通过了船岸兼容性研究,LNG船才能获准靠泊LNG终端进行作业。     

堆料机悬臂皮带机打滑原因的分析与处理

堆料机的悬臂皮带机在使用过程中,当悬臂上仰角度达到正常需要工作角度的某一值时,皮带会发生打滑现象,尤其是应用于运送铁矿和采用螺旋张紧或液压张紧装置张紧的悬臂皮带机,更易出现打滑的现象。通过实例分析其打滑机理,并提出解决办法。     

A havelock source panel method for near-surface submarines

A panel method is described for calculating potential flow around near-surface submarines. The method uses Havelock sources which automatically satisfy the linearized free-surface boundary condition. Outputs from the method include pressure field, pressure drag, wave resistance, vertical force, trim moment and wave pattern. Comparisons are made with model tests for wave resistance of Series 58 and DARPA SUBOFF hulls, as well as with wave resistance, lift force and trim moment of three length-to-diameter variants of the DSTO Joubert submarine hull. It is found that the Havelock source panel method is capable of determining with reasonable accuracy wave resistance, vertical force and trim moment for submarine hulls. Further experimental data are required in order to assess the accuracy of the method for pressure field and wave pattern prediction. The method is implemented in the computer code “HullWave” and offers potential advantages over RANS-CFD codes in terms of speed, simplicity and robustness.     

A non-geometrically similar model for predicting the wake field of full-scale ships

The scale effect leads to large discrepancies between the wake fields of model-scale and actual ships, and causes differences in cavitation performance and exciting forces tests in predicting the performance of actual ships. Therefore, when test data from ship models are directly applied to predict the performance of actual ships, test results must be subjected to empirical corrections. This study proposes a method for the reverse design of the hull model. Compared to a geometrically similar hull model, the wake field generated by the modified model is closer to that of an actual ship. A non- geometrically similar model of a Korean Research Institute of Ship and Ocean Engineering (KRISO)’s container ship (KCS) was designed. Numerical simulations were performed using this model, and its results were compared with full-scale calculation results. The deformation method of getting the wake field of full-scale ships by the non-geometrically similar model is applied to the KCS successfully.     

Experimental and numerical investigations on vibration characteristics of a loaded ship model

In this paper, vibration characteristics of the structure in the finite fluid domain are analyzed using a coupled finite element method. The added mass matrix is calculated with finite element method (FEM) by 8-node acoustic fluid elements. Vibration characteristics of the structure in finite fluid domain are calculated combining structure FEM mass matrix. By writing the relevant programs, numerical analysis on vibration characteristics of a submerged cantilever rectangular plate in finite fluid domain and loaded ship model is performed. A modal identification experiment for the loaded ship model in air and in water is conducted and the experiment results verify the reliability of the numerical analysis. The numerical method can be used for further research on vibration characteristics and acoustic radiation problems of the structure in the finite fluid domain.     

Numerical calculation of supercavitating flows over the disk cavitator of a subsonic underwater projectile

To deal with the effect of compressible fluids on the supercavitating flow over the subsonic disk cavitator of a projectile, a finite volume method is formulated based on the ideal compressible potential theory. By using the continuity equation and Tait state equation as well as Riabouchinsky closure model, an “inverse problem” solution is presented for the supercavitating flow. According to the impenetrable condition on the surface of supercavity, a new iterative method for the supercavity shape is designed to deal with the effect of compressibility on the supercavity shape, pressure drag coefficient and density field. By this method, the very low cavitation number can be computed. The calculated results agree well with the experimental data and empirical formula. At the subsonic condition, the fluid compressibility will make supercavity length and radius increase. The supercavity expands, but remains spheroid. The effect on the first 1/3 part of supercavity is not obvious. The drag coefficient of projectile increases as the cavitation number or Mach number increases. With Mach number increasing, the compressibility is more and more significant. The compressibility must be considered as far as the accurate calculation of supercavitating flow is concerned.     

基于最小阻力的某大型船舶型线优化

应用船舶设计软件Maxsurf,在国外某大型船舶现有型线的基础上,建立等尺度模型。通过仿似变换改变其长宽比、方形系数及排水量,在Hullspeed软件中计算相应方案下的阻力值,分析船舶总体设计中主参数的变化对快速性的影响。在快速性最优的原则下,统筹考虑该大型船舶的初稳性及耐波性,并计入飞行甲板及机库尺度对大型船舶主尺度的限制,优化设计出新船型。与母型船相比,在其他性能不变的前提下,新船的航速从32 kn提升到35kn,快速性得到优化。本文所得结果与国外研究相符,对大型船舶的总体设计研究具有一定参考意义。     

附加质量对水中平面板振动噪声特性的影响

在结构的生产加工和使用过程中,由于结构设计、施工工艺、使用安装及维修保养等过程中存在种种问题,导致结构的附加质量成为一种普遍存在且无法避免的现象,同时又对主体结构的声振特性存在着较大影响,因此研究附加质量对主体结构振动及噪声特性的影响具有重要的基础意义。以水中平板结构为例,对由不同分布情况的附加质量所引起的水中平面板声-振特性的变化进行数值分析。建立带有附加质量主结构的有限元模型,将其与声流体介质的瑞利积分相互耦合用于求解流固耦合问题,以获得耦合系统的响应。通过模型降阶法求解由附加质量所引起的结构模态参数变异。数值计算结果表明,不同分布情况的附加质量的影响有所不同,对于主结构声振特性的影响随频率的变化而变化。在主结构低频振动时,附加质量的影响主要反映在主结构固有频率和阻尼系数的改变上。