高速铁路振动荷载作用下的土体动力响应及对下穿地铁隧道的影响分析

利用动力响应分析原理,通过有限元分析程序模拟某高速铁路现场条件,得出结构体的位移、速度及加速度时程曲线.通过对特征点的位移、速度及加速度的变化情况分析,评价在该高速铁路路基下修建下穿地铁隧道的可行性,得出下穿地铁隧道对该高速铁路后期运营的影响不大,可以满足各项指标要求;其主要的风险是施工期间的工程安全.     

深圳地铁线网客流分析及与运行图匹配措施研究

深圳地铁二期工程于2011年6月28日投入试运营,形成178 km线网,客运量激增,并具明显特点。通过分析线网客流,尤其是3号线客流特点,制定了工作日早晚高峰及休息日全天的调图措施,以满足服务并买现运能匹配和成本控制。     

Performance indicators for transit management

Transit performance can be evaluated through quantitative indicators. As the provision of efficient and effective transit service are appropriate goals to be encouraged by federal and state governments, these goals are used to develop performance indicators.Three efficiency and four effectiveness indicators are described, together with two overall indicators. These nine indicators are analyzed for comparability utilizing operating and financial data collected from public transit agencies in California.Performance indicators selected for this study should not be viewed as final. Twenty-one performance indicators proposed by previous studies were reviewed. Theoretical considerations and unavailability or unreliability of data caused omission of several useful measures like passenger-miles. Circumstances such as improved data, emphasis upon goals other than efficiency and effectiveness, and local conditions might warrant the inclusion of indicators deleted from this research.This paper is based on work conducted for the Urban Mass Transportation Administration under University Research and Training Grant CA-11-0014, Development of Performance Indicators for Transit. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the University of California or the United States Government. We are indebted to John Feren for assistance with the statistical processing and data gathering.     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement     

用稀土催化剂净化柴油机排气的研究

介绍了所研制的用于柴油机排气净化的新型稀土钙钛矿型复合金属氧化物催化剂LaMnO3／γ-Al2O3。通过发动机试验的方法研究其净化效果，并与γ-Al2O3，颗粒、贵金属催化剂Pd／γ-Al2O3进行了比较。结果表明，LaM-nO3／γ-Al2O3对CO、HC、微粒及微粒中的有机组分SOF均有化学催化净化效果，尤其是对SOF净化效果明显。     

基于MPC555高性能32位单片机的混合动力汽车工况控制研究

介绍了基于NPC555的混合动力汽车动力总成控制系统的组成，阐述了其底层驱动模块、状态转换判断模块、电机驱动模块、内燃机单独驱动模块、内燃机与电机联和驱动模块、串联驱动模块、制动能量回收模块等的功能。试验表明，该控制系统可以实现混合动力汽车运行工况控制。     

金属带式无级变速器电液控制系统的试验研究

通过对金属带式无级变速液压控制系统功能进行分析，把该系统分为夹紧力控制和速比控制系统。设计了金属带式无级变速器电—液控制系统，对控制阀特性进行了研究，为夹紧力控制系统和速比控制系统分别设计了控制器。最后对所设计的CVT控制系统进行了实车道路试验，取得了较好的效果。     

Storage space allocation in container terminals

Container terminals are essential intermodal interfaces in the global transportation network. Efficient container handling at terminals is important in reducing transportation costs and keeping shipping schedules. In this paper, we study the storage space allocation problem in the storage yards of terminals. This problem is related to all the resources in terminal operations, including quay cranes, yard cranes, storage space, and internal trucks. We solve the problem using a rolling-horizon approach. For each planning horizon, the problem is decomposed into two levels and each level is formulated as a mathematical programming model. At the first level, the total number of containers to be placed in each storage block in each time period of the planning horizon is set to balance two types of workloads among blocks. The second level determines the number of containers associated with each vessel that constitutes the total number of containers in each block in each period, in order to minimize the total distance to transport the containers between their storage blocks and the vessel berthing locations. Numerical runs show that with short computation time the method significantly reduces the workload imbalance in the yard, avoiding possible bottlenecks in terminal operations.     

Process Save Reduction by Macro Joint Approach: The Key to Real Time and Efficient Vehicle Simulation

Applying a non-linear model reduction method to the tire suspension system of road vehicles enables an automatic transfer of complex offline simulation vehicle models to a mathematical model, which fits the real time simulation requirements. The basic assumption, that high frequent inner suspension dynamics are not relevant to handling manoeuvres, converts the differential algebraic equation system (DAE) of suspensions with kinematical closed loops into pure elasto-kinematical linkage equations. The equations of motions can be represented as an ordinary differential equation system (ODE) and considerable simulation time reductions are obtained for the off-line simulation and real time simulation is enabled. This so-called macro joint approach is an alternative modelling method to the well-known look-up table representation of suspension kinematics but it keeps the parameterisation of the original suspension model and is suitable to parameterised real time MBS models. With a second step the dynamics, caused by compliance in the suspension bushings, are reduced to their quasi-static behaviour. The consideration of these quasi-elasticity has nearly no influence on the necessary simulation time. This contribution shows the theoretical background and demonstrates the advantage of the macro joint model reduction approach on a typical vehicle example.     

变截面钢板弹簧梯形叶片的斜面位置分析

梯形变截面钢板弹簧具有轧制的线形简单、对设备要求不高等优点。将梯形截面与抛物线截面进行对比分析，以梯形叶片的斜面与抛物线相切为基础，以切点在材料利用最充分处、端部、根部为重点，分析了梯形叶片在不同位置时的端部厚度、斜面的水平长度、梯形叶片与抛物线叶片的质量比，其结果对梯形叶片的设计具有一定的参考价值。