大鼠耳蜗α_(1D)L-型电压门控钙通道组织特异性异构体的剪切方式及其意义

目的　研究α1DL 型电压门控钙通道基因在大鼠耳蜗的剪切 (splicing )方式及其意义。 方法　以显微解剖取材的大鼠耳蜗基底膜为起始材料 ,利用外显子特异性 (exon specific)引物的RT PCR扩增和序列测定确定耳蜗表达的α1DL 型电压门控钙通道的剪切方式。结果　耳蜗表达的α1D钙通道cDNA剪切部位发生在功能域Ⅰ、Ⅱ之间的细胞内连接区和羧基末端。结论　大鼠耳蜗存在α1D钙通道组织特异性的剪切异构体 ,选择性剪切可能是内耳基因表达调控的重要机制     

无水乙醇肾动脉栓塞的并发症

报告无水乙醇肾动脉栓塞治疗肾肿瘤18例的临床并发症,简要讨论了与并发症有关的因素和预防措施。     

A New Proposal of Inverse-Time Characteristics for Overcurrent Relay Based on Microcomputer

The conventional time function of electromechanical relays is hard to coordinate with other relays．In order to promote the application of inverse-time overcurrent relays，a new time function for microprocessor-type relay is proposed．The setting of the trip time for this relay is performed by determining the shortest trip time and the longest trip time，respectively．The results of analysis show that with the new time function，the inverse-time overcurrent relay is easy to coordinate with other relays and has a comparatively shorter trip time，and that the fault happens in the protective zone．     

Five-axis interpolation of continuous short linear trajectories for 3[PP]S-<Emphasis Type="Italic">XY</Emphasis> hybrid mechanism by dual Bezier blending

A novel five-axis real-time interpolation algorithm for 3[PP]S-XY hybrid mechanism is proposed in this paper. In the algorithm, the five-axis tool path for controlling this hybrid mechanism is separated into two sub-paths. One sub-path describes the movement of 3[PP]S parallel kinematic mechanism module, and the other one describes the movement of XY platform. A pair of cubic Bezier curves is employed to smooth the corners in those two sub-paths. Based on the homogenous Jacobian matrix of 3[PP]S mechanism, a relationship between the position errors of every driving joint in hybrid mechanism and the position deviation of the tool tip center point at the moving platform is established. This relationship is used to estimate the approximation error for the corners smoothing according to the accuracy requirement of tool tip center in interpolation. Due to the high computational efficiency of this corner smoothing method, it is integrated into the look-ahead module of computer numerical control (CNC) system to perform online tool path smoothing. By performing the speed planning based on a floating window scheme, a jerk limited S-shape speed profile can be generated efficiently. On this basis, a realtime look-ahead scheme, which is comprised of path-smoothing and feedrate scheduling, is developed to acquire a speed profile with smooth acceleration. A monotonic cubic spline is employed for synchronization between those two smoothed sub-paths in tool path interpolation. This interpolation algorithm has been integrated into our own developed CNC system to control a 3PRS-XY experimental instrument (P, R and S standing for prismatic, revolute and spherical, respectively). A club shaped trajectory is adopted to verify the smoothness and efficiency of the five-axis interpolator for hybrid mechanism control.     

电磁波在大气非平衡等离子体中的吸收

采用平板模型对入射电磁波在大气非平衡等离子体中的吸收特性进行了数值模拟,着重研究了大气中的负离子的存在、外加磁场以及碰撞频率等因素对电磁波吸收的影响,并给出了相关参数的数值模拟结果.     

Study on lift-up speed of aerodynamic compliant foil thrust bearings

Objective The experimental study on the lift-up speed of a new kind of compliant aerodynamic foil thrust hearings was performed on the multifunetional test rig established for testing the performances of foil gas bearings. Methods The lift-up speed of foil gas thrust hearing under given axial load was analyzed through the spectrum of axial displacement response in frequency domain. Results The test results indicated that the difference in the spectrum of axial displacement responses before and after lifting up of the rotor was obvious. After lifting up of the rotor, there were only larger components of rotation frequency and lower harmanie frequencies. If the rotor wasn＇t lift-up, there were also larger components of other frequencies in the spectrum. Conclusion So by analyzing the spectrum of axial displacement response, the results showed that the lift-up speed was about 1 860 rpm when the axial load was 31N.     

气体燃料/汽油两用燃料汽车自适应燃料点火器

气体燃料 /汽油两用燃料汽车燃用不同燃料时 ,最佳点火提前角相差悬殊。采用自适应燃料点火器可根据发动机使用燃料的不同自动改变点火提前角。论述了单片机控制自适应燃料点火器的软、硬件结构和工作原理。试验结果表明 ,加装自适应燃料点火器后 ,发动机动力性增加 2 .6%～3.1 % ,燃料消耗率下降 2 .6%～ 3.4%。     

PROPERTIES OF PROLIFERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF NEONATAL RAT RETINAL PROGENITOR CELLS IN VITRO

Objective To investigate the properties of proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat retinal progenitor cells （RPCs） in vitro. Methods RPCs were isolated from neonatal SD rats neural retina and cultured in DMEM/F12 ＋ N2 with EGF and bFGF （suspension medium ） or 10 % FBS without EGF and bFGF （ differentiation medium）. The cells grew as suspended spheres or adherent monolayers, depending on different culture conditions. The neural stem cells or retinal progenitors, neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells, rod photoreceptors and the proliferating cells were evaluated with immunofluorescence analysis by Nestin or Pax6, Map2, GFAP, Thy-1, Rhodopsin and BrdU antibodies respectively. Results RPCs could propagate and differentiate in suspension or differentiation medium and express the markers of Nestin （92.86%） or Pax6 （86.75%）, Map2 （38.54%）, GFAP （20.93%）, Thy-1 （27. 66%） and Rhodopsin（13. 33%）in suspension medium; however, Nestin （60.27%）, Pax6 （52%）, Map2 （34.94%）, GFAP （38.17%）, Thy-1 （30.84%） and Rhodopsin （34.67%） in differentiation medium. 96.4 % of the population in the neurospheres was BrdU-positive cells. The cells could spontaneously adherent forming some subspheres and retinal specific cell types. Conclusion Neonatal rat RPCs possess the high degree of proliferation and can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells and rod photoreceptors in vitro. There are different proportions for RPCs to differentiate into specific cell types.     

T-2毒素对胎儿软骨细胞凋亡、Bcl-2和Bax表达的影响及硒的保护作用

目的　探讨T 2毒素对软骨细胞凋亡的作用,和对凋亡调控蛋白Bcl 2 与Bax表达的影响,以及微量元素硒对软骨细胞的保护作用。方法　采用电镜,Annexin V/PI法检测T 2 毒素致人软骨细胞凋亡的情况,采用流式细胞仪检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl 2和Bax的表达。结果　T 2 毒素可引起软骨细胞发生凋亡的典型电镜形态改变;不同浓度(1~20μg/L)的T 2毒素均可以引起软骨细胞早期凋亡率和晚期凋亡率明显增加,且在一定范围内呈浓度依赖性,T 2毒素浓度为20μg/L时早期凋亡率最高达5.60%,晚期凋亡率最高达8.61%。生理浓度的微量元素硒可部分减弱T 2毒素引起的凋亡;不同浓度(1~20μg/L)的T 2毒素都能引起Bcl 2和Bax表达水平提高,浓度为10~20μg/L时,Bax/Bcl 2比值升高;硒能部分对抗T 2 毒素引起的Bcl 2 和Bax 表达的提高,使Bax/Bcl 2 比值下降,以降低凋亡率。结论　T 2毒素在浓度为1 ~ 20μg/L 时,可以引起软骨细胞凋亡; T 2 毒素引起的软骨细胞凋亡与软骨细胞内Bax/Bcl 2比值升高有关,硒对T 2毒素引起的软骨细胞凋亡有一定保护作用。     

TGF-β_2对体外培养的牛眼小梁细胞MMP_2表达和活性的影响

目的了解转化生长因子-β2(TGF-β2)对体外培养的牛眼小梁(TM)细胞基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP2)的表达和活性的影响,探讨TGF-β2在原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)发病机制中的作用。方法用含有1.0μg/L TGF-β2或含1.0μg/L TGF-β2+100g/L鼠抗人PAI-1IgG(PAI-1中和抗体)的无血清DMEM分别孵育TM细胞24、36、48h。对照组(Co)加入不含实验药物的无血清DMEM,用Western印迹法检测MMP2及纤溶酶原活化抑制剂-1(PAI-1)的表达。结果TGF-β2可显著增强TM细胞MMP2前体及PAI-1的表达。PAI-1中和抗体可促进MMP2前体向其活化形式转化。结论TGF-β2可通过抑制MMP2的活化过程导致TM细胞的细胞外基质(ECM)的异常堆积,造成房水引流阻力的增加,参与POAG的发病。