Field measurements of the evolution of wheel wear and vehicle dynamics for high-speed trains

This investigation demonstrates the wheel wear evolution and related vehicle dynamics of high-speed trains with an operating distance (OD) of around two million kilometres. A long-term experimental test lasting two years was conducted to record the wheel profiles and structural vibrations of various trainsets. The wheel wear, namely the profile shape, worn distribution and wheelset conicity, is investigated for several continuous reprofiling cycles. Typical results are illustrated for the stability analysis, and the ride quality is examined with increasing OD. In addition, the vibration transition characteristics between suspensions are investigated in both the time and frequency domains. The experiments show that the dominant wear concentrates on the nominal rolling radius, and the wear rate increases with OD because of the surface softening resulting from the loss of wheel material. The vibration of structural components is aggravated by the increase of the equivalent conicity of the wheelset, which rises approximately linearly with the wheel wear and OD. High-frequency vibrations arise in the bogie and car body related to the track arrangement and wheel out-of-roundness, causing the ride comfort to worsen significantly. Additionally, the system vibration characteristics are strongly dependent on the atmospheric temperature. Summaries and conclusions are obtained regarding the wheel wear and related vehicle dynamics of high-speed trains over long operating times and distances.     

Effects of Residual Ash on Dpf Capture and Regeneration

To study the effects of residual ash on the capture and regeneration of a diesel particulate filter (DPF), repeated capture and complete regeneration experiments were conducted. An engine exhaust particulate sizer was used to measure the particle size distribution of diesel in the front and back of DPF. Discrepancies in the size distribution of the particulate matter in repeated trapping tests were analyzed. To achieve complete DPF regeneration, a DPF regeneration system using nonthermal plasma technology was established. The regeneration carbon removal mass and peak temperatures of DPF internal measuring points were monitored to evaluate the effect of regeneration. The mechanism explaining the influence of residual ash on DPF capture and regeneration was thoroughly investigated. Results indicate that the DPF trapping efficiencies of the nuclear-mode particles and ultrafine particles have significant improvements with the increase quantity of residual ash, from 90 % and 96.01 % to 94.17 % and 97.27 %, respectively. The exhaust backpressure of the DPF rises from 9.41 kPa to 11.24 kPa. Heat transfer in the DPF is improved with ash, and the peak temperatures of the measuring points accordingly increase. By comparing the regeneration trials, the elapsed time for complete regeneration and time difference for reaching the peak temperature between adjacent reaction interfaces are extended with increased quantity of ash. The carbon removal mass rises by 34.00 %.     

共轨柴油机燃烧纯生物柴油的试验研究

对一台国产涡轮增压直喷柴油机燃烧0#柴油和纯生物柴油的动力性、燃油经济性和排放性能进行对比试验研究。试验结果表明,在柴油机不进行任何调整的情况下,燃烧纯生物柴油会降低其动力性和燃油经济性,但可大幅度改善CO、HC和PM的排放性能。     

某款纯电动客车系统匹配和方案设计

结合某款纯电动客车的研发与应用,介绍纯电动系统的匹配设计和整车CAN网络架构,并提出合理的纯电动系统高压配电管理方案。     

全断面硬岩地层盾构隧道管片上浮控制技术研究

为了解决盾构在全断面硬岩地层中管片上浮的问题,确保管片衬砌的施工质量,结合广州7号线某全断面硬岩段的盾构施工,从力学条件和空间条件等方面分析了导致管片上浮的原因和机制,从盾构施工和设计等方面提出了减小管片上浮的新措施。包括:采用豆砾石回填灌浆工艺进行管片壁后填充、利用止浆环与隔水环防止浆液流失、半敞开式掘进提高同步注浆的填充效果、采用前盾底部设计千斤顶防止盾构栽头等。     

小尺度桩柱与波浪相对运动对结构响应的影响研究

针对海洋工程中常见的小尺度桩柱结构,利用MATLAB软件编写程序,分别计算了基于Airy线性波浪理论和Stokes五阶波理论的考虑结构物与波浪相对运动和不考虑结构物与波浪相对运动情况下结构响应,对比分析了考虑相对运动和不考虑相对运动情况下结构响应的差别,并利用有限元软件ANSYS进行建模求解验证了本文结果的正确性.分析结果表明,两种情况下结构的响应存在较大差异,在实际工程计算中,有必要考虑结构物与波浪的相对运动.     

高速磁浮列车悬浮电磁铁挠曲变形位移补偿技术

高速磁浮列车悬浮电磁铁采用轻量化总体结构方案,狭长的铝合金箱体作为主体承载结构,悬浮时会发生较大挠曲变形,中间位置磁极位移大于两端磁极,磁极装配平面成拱形,影响传感器对悬浮气隙的测定.文章分析了电磁铁悬浮时的变形量,并设计磁极装配预凹方案,即中间磁极装配位置最低,相邻磁极装配位置依次升高,端部磁极装配位置最高.通过对悬...     

EB1基因表达与胚胎染色体数目异常的关系

目的研究EB1基因在胚胎绒毛细胞中的表达,并分析其对染色体分离的影响。方法采用荧光定量PCR技术检测EB1基因在人工流产绒毛核型分析正常的胚胎细胞和自然流产绒毛核型分析异常的胚胎细胞中的表达差异;免疫组织化学方法检测EB1蛋白在两者中的表达情况,并用Western blot加以验证。结果EB1基因mRNA拷贝数/GAPDH基因mRNA拷贝数的均值在人工流产绒毛核型分析正常的胚胎细胞中为0.010 04±0.008 223,在自然流产绒毛核型分析异常的胚胎细胞中为0.150 9±0.063 3。Western blot和免疫组织化学结果表明其在自然流产绒毛核型分析异常胚胎细胞中的表达也高于其在人工流产绒毛核型分析正常胚胎细胞中的表达。经统计分析,EB1基因mRNA水平和蛋白水平在上述两组细胞中的表达均有显著差异。结论EB1基因在自然流产绒毛核型分析异常的胚胎细胞中的表达明显高于其在人工流产绒毛核型分析正常的胚胎细胞中的表达,其高表达可能导致染色体分离异常。     

水中钻孔灌注桩施工工艺及施工要点

本文就京杭运河苏北段航道中部分航标水中灯桩钻孔灌注桩的施工方法及施工要点进行了探讨实施,并在实际的施工过程中取得了良好的效果,对工程技术人员有一定的参考价值。     

基于嵌入式单片机的角度自动控制系统的可靠性设计

从方案设计、硬件设计、重要件设计、控制软件设计等几个方面,对某型基于单片机的角度自动控制系统的可靠性设计内容进行了介绍.