Users’ perceptions and willingness to pay in interurban toll roads: identifying differences across regions from a nationwide survey in Spain

Users’ acceptability is considered one of the key drivers for the successful implementation of transport policy measures. This is especially crucial in the case of toll roads since they are financed through drivers’ contributions. Previous literature in this field has mainly focused on measuring users’ attitudes towards urban congestion pricing strategies. However limited research has been developed concerning interurban toll roads. Previous research shows that socioeconomic variables are not conclusive to explain users’ perceptions towards tolls. By contrast, other drivers such as regional differences seem to play a more important role, especially when charging conditions within the same nation greatly vary across regions. This paper analyzes regional differences in users’ attitudes within an asymmetrical distribution of the toll road network across regions. Based on a nationwide survey conducted to road users in interurban toll roads in Spain, we develop both a binomial logit and a censored regression (tobit) model to explore drivers’ perceptions and willingness to pay. The research concludes that users from regions with a more extensive tolled network generally show a more negative attitude towards charges, but not necessarily a lower willingness to pay. The paper also points out that an asymmetrical distribution of toll roads across regions may result in negative perceptions among those users perceiving to be unfairly treated when compared to citizens in other regions.     

Drivers of transit service loyalty considering heterogeneity between user segments

Users’ loyalty to public transit service is fundamental to promote its popularity in the transportation market. A four-step analytical framework is advanced to investigate the importance of service attributes that heterogeneous transit user segments place on their public transit service loyalty, measured in terms of overall satisfaction and re-use intention. Critical service attributes perceived by transit users that are relevant for loyalty enhancement are explicitly determined, which vary between user segments. It is suggested that the design of strategies aimed to promote the use of public transit by increasing user loyalty towards transit service be targeted at specific attributes that contribute most to loyalty and specific user segments whose original loyalty level is significantly different to others.     

制动器在水力式升船机中的应用

依托景洪升船机工程,探讨水力式升船机制动器的应用。通过对比分析电力驱动和水力驱动式升船机制动器的布置特点及工作方式,阐述制动器在水力式升船机中面临的新的技术问题,据此对水力式升船机制动器的制动力、同步性以及制动方式提出设计指标和要求,并探讨制动器的使用范围。建议水力式升船机制动器采用常开式,升船机正常运行时,制动器在船厢上、下游对接时投入使用。     

锌氧化银电池注液激活系统仿真模拟

利用ANSYS Fluent软件对锌氧化银一次电池注液激活系统进行模拟分析,在三种不同特性的点火器匹配注液激活系统条件下,模拟计算各个阀门能否正常开启、开启时间以及开启的顺序。分析计算得出各个阀门开启的时间,能够很好的指导注液系统设计。     

长江南京以下12.5m深水航道二期工程安全应急方案研究

安全应急预案对于提高安全事故中的救援能力、减少安全事故带来的损失具有重要的意义。以南京以下12.5m深水航道二期工程为背景,对拟定的安全应急预案进行分析研究,总结出安全应急预案体系包括综合安全应急预案、专项应急预案和现场处置方案,提炼各层次预案对应的事件类型和具体内容,并编制首接责任制下的应急组织机构和应急流程。     

快速城市化地区公交规划方法研究

目前中国许多地区进入快速城市化发展阶段,在长期城乡二元格局影响下,这些地区形成独特的公交需求特性.本文研究了快速城市化地区社会经济发展特性和公交统筹发展要求.根据公交线路服务特性将公交线路分为城乡公交线路和城区公交线路两类,提出了基于层次分析的快速城市化地区公共交通线网规划方法.通过张家港市公交规划的实例分析,体现出该方法适应地区发展趋势以及城乡统筹发展的战略要求.     

复合材料剪切圆柱壳在轴压下的屈曲与后屈曲

给出了非对称正交铺层剪切圆柱壳广义Donnell型大挠度方程,并运用位移型摄动技术构造出该圆柱壳在轴压作用下的后屈曲渐近级数解.为保证边值问题摄动解的一致性,本文研究了边界效应对中短圆柱壳的影响,亦即运用奇异摄动技术详细分析了该圆柱壳端部边界层方程和奇异摄动解.并讨论了横向剪切变形、Batdorf数、弹性模量比和初始几何缺陷对圆柱壳屈曲与后屈曲性态的影响.比较显示,横向剪切变形对圆柱壳的屈曲与后屈曲有重要影响.     

高速铁路路基上双块式无砟轨道道床板混凝土裂纹综合防治技术

在分析比较双块式无砟轨道纵连道床板优缺点的基础上,提出从根本上解决路基地段双块式无砟轨道道床板开裂问题的途径是设计采用单元结构的双块式无砟轨道。在此基础上,提出了可以采用钢筋混凝土结构底座板和水硬性支承层2个具体的设计方案。另外,提出了混凝土水灰比、入模温度等施工控制工艺及养护控制措施。     

基于分子动力学的车流运行动态特性及其模型

车辆跟驰行为受前导车和道路环境等的影响,将车辆抽象成相互作用的分子,基于分子动力学构建相互作用势函数,建立基于相互作用势函数的分子跟驰模型.采集试验路段不同点位的交通流样本,从视频中获得所需数据,并对加速度波动特性进行分析.将车辆运行状态分为常态行驶,起动加速和减速停车3种,根据实测交通数据对3种车辆运行状态进行模型参数标定,同时对分子跟驰模型进行稳定性分析验证,结果表明,相对于经典GM模型,分子跟驰模型稳定性更好,对实际交通状态拟合程度更高.     

河床边界条件改变对强约束型分汊河道冲刷调整的影响

通过实测资料分析的方法,以宜都河道为例,研究了水库蓄水后强约束型分汉河道的冲刷调整规律.在此基础上,进而通过概化模型试验,研究强约束性分汊河道中,河床边界条件的变化对分汊河道水流运动和冲刷调整规律的影响.研究表明:1)由于水库蓄水后河床发生剧烈的冲刷调整,将导致河道河床边界条件特别是两汊高程差的变化,分流格局随之改变;2)河道边界条件发生变化,水流动力轴线可以由稳定于一汊转化为两汉交替,其冲刷调整形式也从一汉冲刷占优转化为两汊冲刷交替占优;3)分汊河道在水库蓄水初期的剧烈调整过程及其河床边界条件的变化一定程度上影响着分汊河道的发展趋势,要充分认识分汊河道在水库蓄水初期剧烈调整过程中所可能出现的问题,引导其朝好的方向发展.