温拌沥青混合料合理施工温度及压实特性的研究

温拌沥青混合料(WMA)是一类使用特殊添加剂或制备工艺技术来达到节能环保目的的混合料。通过对国内外研究资料的总结发现,现有的温拌沥青混合料配合比设计方法及施工温度确定有一定的不合理性。该文对温拌沥青混合料配合比设计及温拌沥青混合料的合理施工温度进行基础性研究,并为温拌沥青混合料的合理施工温度提供一定的参考,并通过旋转压实试验对比温拌沥青混合料与热拌沥青混合料的压实特性。     

高速公路软基加固中旋喷桩的应用研究

高压旋喷桩是公路进行软基处理的一种有效形式。该文结合某高速公路软基处理实例,探讨了高压旋喷注浆法加固地基的机理,通过数值模拟对设计方案进行分析计算,重点分析了随上部逐级加荷,地基中的沉降变化,以及有无褥垫层对地基沉降及应力的影响。分析结果与工程的实测数据吻合较好。     

碎石化条件等级路水泥混凝土路面加铺层结构优化

该文采用有限元法建立了碎石化条件下混凝土路面二维平面应变模型,对标准轴载和超载条件下不同类型加铺层结构的力学响应进行计算,综合比较路面弯沉、层底拉应力、层底拉应变等各项指标,提出半刚性基层加薄层沥青罩面可作碎石化条件下的加铺层结构;通过优化比较,得出采用半刚性基层加沥青面层可满足设计要求,并对各种基层材料的抗干、温缩,抗水损害等性能进行了比较。     

上荆江河段客观因子碍航程度的加权评价

在对上荆江客观碍航因子进行调研分析的基础上,针对各客观因子的碍航程度,结合其多维性、模糊性的特点,将层次分析(AHP)和模糊综合评价这两种方法有机结合起来,对各种碍航因子进行加权和综合评价.这种模糊层次评价方法(FAHP)将定性分析与定量分析的方法相结合,弥补了单纯层次分析法的不足,对综合评价碍航程度具有良好的参考价值.     

Recycling of aluminum from fibre metal laminates

Recycling of aluminum alloy scrap obtained from delaminated fibre metal laminates (FMLs) was studied through high temperature refining in the presence of a salt flux. The aluminum alloy scrap contains approximately mass fraction w(Cu) = 4.4%, w(Mg) = 1.1% and w(Mn) = 0.6% (2024 aluminum alloy). The main objective of this research is to obtain a high metal yield, while maintaining its original alloy compositions. The work focuses on the metal yield and quality of recycled Al alloy under different refining conditions. The NaCl-KCl salt system was selected as the major components of flux in the Al alloy recycling. Two different flux compositions were employed at NaCl to KCl mass ratios of 44:56 and 70:30 respectively, based on either the eutectic composition, or the European preference. Different additives were introduced into the NaCl-KCl system to study the effect of flux component on recycling result. Although burning and oxidation loss of the alloying elements during re-melting and refining take place as the drawbacks of conventional refining process, the problems can be solved to a large extent by using an appropriate salt flux. Experimental results indicate that Mg in the alloy gets lost when adding cryolite in the NaCl-KCl salt system, though the metal yield can reach as high as 98%. However, by adding w(MgF₂) = 5% into the NaCl-KCl salt system (instead of using cryolite) all alloying elements were well controlled to its original composition with a metal yield of almost 98%.     

Microstructure and property of friction stir welding joint of 7075Al and AZ31BMg

Microstructure and forming quality of friction stir welding joints of 7075Al and AZ31BMg with different welding parameters were analyzed. The results show that, good welded joint is obtained when the rotating frequency is 13 r/s and the welding speed is 30 mm/min. An irregular area is formed in the welding center. Meanwhile, the river pattern and eddy-like distribution are found in the weld nugget zone. Besides, brittle intermetallic compounds Al₁₂Mg₁₇ and Al₃Mg₂ are found in the welded joint. They cause the increase of microhardness of welded joint. The maximum tension stress of welded joint is 112MPa.     

基于AMESim的自适应柔性夹具机械手指的动态特性研究

提出了一种基于液压驱动的仿手指自适应柔性夹具结构,根据其驱动系统工作原理及结构参数,建立了驱动系统的数学模型,及基于AMESim电液比例闭环控制系统的仿真模型;研究了放大比例增益值(K)对系统动态特性的影响,及PID控制器对机械手指动态特性的影响。结果表明:存在一个最佳K值,对系统的动、静态特性影响显著;加入PID控制器后,系统的精度和稳定性可得到明显改善。     

沥青路面粗集料微观纹理评价方法研究

选取5种不同材质石料,借助自主开发的激光纹理仪,测量集料微观纹理曲线;运用分形分维理论中的盒子计数法,通过MATLAB编程实现对不同粗集料分维数的快速计算。研究表明:该评价方法可以准确的评价粗集料的微观纹理,进而为抗滑层路面选材提供更为丰富的手段和科学依据。     

基于AFC系统的苏州市轨道交通网络化客流特征分析及启示

从运营轨道线网客流中找寻规律,可以有效指导城市科学合理地预测轨道交通客流。本文根据目前苏州市AFC系统运营数据积累,从网络、线路、车站三个层面探讨苏州市轨道交通客流特征,分析目前线网客流特征,为后续预测模型的参数选择提供参考和依据,并且针对轨道交通规划设计及运营提出相关工作建议。     

基于IC卡数据的武汉市轨道交通客流时空特征

为了精准评估武汉市轨道交通运行现状、科学辅助编制轨道交通线网规划与建设规划、探寻运营组织中的潜在问题,通过对全市公共交通IC卡记录以及地理信息数据的融合与挖掘,从全网、走廊、断面等方面量化分析轨道交通发展历程和客流时空分布特征。在此基础上建立职住辨识模型,用于获取典型居住和就业区域的空间分布信息。基于此分析通勤群体的出行时间、距离、范围、方向不均衡性以及换乘等特征,并通过群体出行规律分析城市空间布局。最后对城市轨道交通发展提出建议:建立多样化运营模式,大力发展公共交通一体化换乘,注重轨道交通沿线土地开发利用和配套设施建设,加强各行政区协同发展和鼓励就近就业等。