美国高等教育内部管理体制运行模式探讨

美国高等教育具有高度的自治性和独立性。正是这种高度的自治性和独立性使得美国高等教育获得了竞争发展的机遇。本文着重从美国国家制度产生的渊源入手,详尽地分析了美国高等教育内部管理体制运行模式。     

表面处理对高强度紧固件机械性能的影响探讨

采用表面处理的方法不合适或操作不符合工艺参数要求,直接影响到紧固件的机械性能,绝非局限于表面抗腐性能或外观     

Purification effects of C2Cl6 on A00 aluminum

The effects of several fluxes on purification, microstructures and properties of A00 aluminum have been studied. The experimental results and analyses indicate that many cracks and large porosities exist in the surface film above the melt purified by C₂Cl₆ and that the film is floc and mostly composed of Al₂O₃ and pure aluminum, which carries many carbon particles and AlCl₃ not fully volatilized. And then over 50% (mass fraction) of the all-melting residue is pure aluminum, which is one of the major reasons for high melting loss. Moreover, because of a mass of gas bubbles and a state of seethe, there are many inclusions which size is under 10 ??m in the microstructure of A00 aluminum purified with C₂Cl₆ or fluxes containing C₂Cl₆. With this purifying method, the aluminum crystal grains are extended along the radius that was observed firstly and the average crystal size of A00 aluminum are about 100?C150 ??m. In addition, small size inclusions have little affected on tensile strength and micro inclusions under 10 ??m have little affected on elongation.     

近接隧道中减振孔的爆破振动控制效应研究

新建隧道爆破施工时, 邻近既有隧道在爆破应力波作用下会产生一定的振动响应, 严重时会引起既有隧道衬砌结构开裂、 崩落等, 对既有隧道结构的安全与稳定构成一定威胁。 为了有效降低新建隧道爆破作业对邻近既有隧道的危害, 研究近接隧道中减振孔的爆破振动控制效益就显得尤为重要。 基于此, 本文分析研究了不同减振孔直径、 间距、 位置、 排数条件下的岩体质点振速及减振效率的变化规律, 得出描述减振率与减振孔参数间的关系式。 并借助数值分析软件 ANSYS / LS-DYNA, 分析近接隧道爆破中减振孔的降振效果。 研究结果表明: (1) 减振孔直径越大, 减振孔间距越小, 对爆破应力波的衰减作用越显著。 (2) 减振孔距爆源越近, 减振孔排数越多, 对爆破应力波的衰减作用越显著。 (3) 四个因素对爆破振动强度的影响程度由大至小依次为减振孔排数、 减振孔位置、 减振孔直径、 减振孔间距。 (4) 既有隧道中心断面前后 10m 范围内是关乎结构安全的重点部位, 单排减振孔对中心断面各部位的减振率达到 30% ~40%。     

综合客运枢纽旅客换乘服务水平评价方法

为提高城市客运系统的运行效率,提升综合客运枢纽服务水平,适应综合客运枢纽建设的发展趋势,从“设施设备、客流组织、换乘效率、换乘服务”四个方面入手,分析综合客运枢纽旅客换乘服务水平的重要影响因素,建立了旅客换乘服务水平评价指标体系。基于层次分析法,提出旅客换乘服务水平评价方法,并通过案例进行验证。研究结果表明,该方法可有效衡量综合客运枢纽的旅客换乘服务水平,并对综合客运枢纽的换乘衔接、交通组织、换乘服务等方面进行评估,可为综合客运枢纽旅客换乘服务水平评估提供参考。     

自动进路原理中触发时刻的最优化分析

首先分析了进路触发时刻对自动进路以及运营效率的影响,然后本着运营效率最大化的原则,针对三种不同的信号布局,详细阐述了进路触发时刻的最优测算原则,最后对自动进路功能在复杂情况下的综合应用进行了分析。     

湿空气透平循环（HAT循环）中饱和器性能实验台的设计

本实验模拟了实际ＨＡＴ循环中饱和器的热力过程，通过实验，研究分析，影响饱和器性能的主要因素，从而探讨了ＨＡＴ循环的商业化途径，本文介绍了实验装置流程，饱和器结构，喷雾嘴布置及水加热设备的设计。     

Estimation of delay variability at signalized intersections for urban arterial performance evaluation

Urban arterial performance evaluation has been broadly studied, with the major focus on average travel time estimation. However, in view of the stochastic nature of interrupted flow, the ability to capture the characteristics of travel time variability has become a critical step in determining arterial level of service (LOS). This article first presents a stochastic approach that integrates classic cumulative curves and probability theories in order to investigate delay variability at signalized intersections, as a dominant part of the link travel time variability. This serves as a basis for arterial travel time estimation, which can be obtained through a convolution of individual link travel time distributions. The proposed approach is then applied in the estimation of travel time along one arterial in Shanghai, China, with abundant automatic vehicle identification (AVI) data sources. The travel time variability is evaluated thoroughly at 30-min intervals, with promising results achieved in comparison to the field measurements. In addition, the estimated travel time distributions are utilized to illustrate the probability of multiple LOS ranges, namely, reliability LOS. The results provide insights into how we might achieve a more reliable and informative understanding of arterial performance.     

兔眼环孢霉素A缓释微球的眼内释药性研究

目的建立兔眼房水中环孢霉素A缓释微球的高效液相测定方法,考察在不同给药剂量下兔眼房水中的药物代谢特性,为该药预防后发性白内障提供理论依据。方法兔眼行晶体囊外摘除,左眼前房及囊袋内注射环孢素微球,右眼给予空白微球作对照,采用高效液相色谱法监测给药后4周内兔眼房水中环孢霉素A的浓度。色谱柱为反相C18硅胶柱,柱温为60℃,流动相为乙腈-水(67∶33),检测波长210nm。结果兔眼房水中环孢霉素A的浓度在0.13-1.25mg/L范围内呈良好线性关系(r=0.9951),最低检测浓度0.13mg/L,回收率95.91%,日间和日内精密度均小于5.0%。缓释微球的释药速率适中,兔眼前房给药后可在2周内维持较高浓度,高低两种给药剂量下,环孢霉素A的吸收半衰期(t1/2Ka)和血浆清除速率(CL)经检验无统计学差异,药时曲线下面积(AUC)和峰浓度(Cmax)与剂量之间线性相关。结论环孢素A缓释微球在兔眼内有较高的生物利用度,实验期内可达到抑制后发性白内障的有效浓度。     

超大型预制桥墩吊装过程数值计算

以某跨海工程超大型预制桥墩吊装方案为例,基于有限元分析软件ANSYS建立超大型预制桥墩的数值模型,施加重力场模拟吊装过程,得到了吊装过程中桥墩的受力状态,评定了吊装方案的优劣。针对吊装过程中桥墩及吊装件较危险的受力区域进行分析,提出了优化建议。