斗轮堆取料机回转机构定位方式浅析

斗轮堆取料机回转减速机连接螺栓经常松动、断裂,设备运行存在安全隐患。分析了堆取料机回转机构定位方式、定位结构,查找了减速机连接螺栓松动原因。制定可行性解决方案,便于设备进行合理化改造,保障设备安全可靠运行。     

移动式近海基地的动力定位控制研究

移动式近海基地是一个大型的、浮动的、自行驱动的、由三至五个模块组成的海洋结构.其中的每个模块均能在风、浪、流作用力下实现长期定位.本文首先讨论了针对移动式近海基地的控制架构.然后针对近海基地中的单独模块设计了一个非线性带前馈的比例微分(PD)控制器,并将其应用到多个模块的运动控制中.文中同时给出了所设计的控制系统的仿真结果.     

京沪高铁天津西站曲线变宽异型钢箱梁设计实践

在恒载、温度荷载和活载等因素作用下连续曲线钢箱梁会出现支座脱空、梁体侧移和翻转等问题。同时相对直梁桥,弯桥扭转效应明显,应引起重视。该文通过京沪高铁天津西站异型连续曲线钢箱梁的设计实践,探讨该类桥梁设计中应注意的若干问题,使连续曲线钢箱梁设计安全、合理、经济。     

Investigation of particle emission characteristics from a diesel engine with a diesel particulate filter for alternative fuels

Particle number measurement is a new approach to determine emission, which may be more accurate at very low emission levels than when using gravimetric measurements. An experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of fuel properties on the performance, combustion process, regulated gaseous emissions and particle number emissions of a diesel engine with an uncatalyzed diesel particulate filter (DPF). The effect of the filter on the particle size distribution was reported. The DPF number-based filtration efficiency in terms of number efficiency and fractional efficiency for petroleum diesel fuel and two alternative fuels, BTL and GTL, were analyzed. For nearly all test modes, the filter had a higher number efficiency for diesel than for BTL and GTL. The DPF fractional efficiency showed it was highly dependent on fuel type and varied widely at each size range. For diesel, the filter fractional efficiency was sufficiently high and behaved as predicted by filtration theory. For BTL and GTL, the fractional performance of the filter decreased when unexpectedly low efficiencies within the nuclei mode were exhibited. This research will be helpful in understanding DPF number-based filtration performance for alternative fuels and will provide information for the development of particulate emission control technology.     

Design and Combustion Characteristic Analysis of Free Piston Stirling Engine External Combustion System

The free piston Stirling engine external combustion system was simulated to investigate the diesel-air combustion characteristics in order to demonstrate its feasibility by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The different effects on combustion were distinguished by analyzing the combustion burner, the injection position of diesel oil, the front tube arrangement of Stirling heater head and the back fin. The results show that the tilted front tube arrangement of the heater head with the back fin is the best practicable technology while the distance between the diesel nozzle position and the swirler top is 0. Its total heat flux is 15.6 kW, and the average heat transfer coefficients of the front and back tubes are 127W/(m² · K) and 192W/(m² · K), respectively. The heat transfer is mainly through convection, and the proportion of radiative heat transfer is only 16.9%. The best combustion efficiency of the free piston Stirling engine external combustion system is 86%.     

高速列车底部空气流动特性对转向架区域积雪的影响

针对高速列车转向架区域的积雪问题, 建立了包含精细化转向架的列车空气动力学模型; 采用分离涡模拟方法, 对运行速度为350 km·h-1的高速列车周围空气流场进行了模拟, 分析了空气流场特性对车底与转向架区域雪粒输运的影响; 提取了涡核线, 研究了转向架区域的涡流特征与雪粒输运的关系。研究结果表明: 车底气流主要由前后轮对后部向上翻转进入转向架区域, 绕轮轴形成旋转气流; 转向架底部区域涡量大于1 000 s-1, 涡流基本为纵向; 转向架顶部区域涡量小于200 s-1, 涡流基本为纵向; 转向架轮对与前后端墙的空隙处涡流多为竖向, 且后部轮对处的涡量较前部轮对处大5倍以上; 转向架内部区域涡量小于200 s-1, 涡流走向杂乱; 涡流的尺度、强度与走向特性反映出进入转向架区域的气流具有较强的挟带雪粒的能力, 而流出转向架的气流挟带雪粒的能力较弱; 头车下部区域负压较大, 车底与裙板两侧存在强度较大的涡流, 易卷起轨道积雪形成雪烟; 除头车外, 车底与转向架表面绝大部分区域壁面剪切应力小于1 Pa, 对应的摩擦风速小于0.9 m·s-1, 沉积的雪粒不易被内部气流剪切走。      

重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥钢-混凝土接头模型静载与疲劳试验研究

重庆石板坡复线桥在连续刚构桥中首次实现330 m的跨径,钢-混凝土接头的采用,在世界同类型桥梁设计中也属首次。由于设计的安全合理至关重要,所以通过理论与试验分析来检验钢-混凝土接头结构设计的合理性,验证设计计算理论和方法的正确性。该试验研究成果为钢-混凝土接头在同类桥型中推广使用积累了试验资料和科学依据。     

公路通过湿地建设的环境影响与保护对策

结合内蒙古荷叶花湿地的自然环境、生态功能和通辽—鲁北段公路建设的具体情况,从湿地面积、动物、植被、生物多样性、水文、水土流失、湿地环境等方面分析公路建设对荷叶花湿地的环境影响。在此基础上提出减缓公路建设对湿地环境影响的保护对策,可以为维持湿地生态系统的独特功能,保持湿地生物多样性,有效控制湖泊萎缩等提供依据。     

地质超前预报在葵岗隧道施工中的应用

以地质雷达法及地震反射波法在葵岗隧道超前预报中的成功运用为例,介绍采用地质雷达法及地震波反射法进行隧道地质超前预报的原理、方法。     

从驾驶员的心理角度分析道路线形对交通安全的影响

从驾驶员的心理角度出发,研究了道路线形设计对驾驶员驾驶行为的影响,并从道路的线形(直线、曲线、线形组合)、视距及道路景观的协调性方面阐述了公路线形设计因素对交通安全的影响,分析了不合理的道路线形设计造成交通事故的过程,并对道路设计中易忽视的细节作出了总结.