高速公路项目后评价问题研究

结合在北京、南京、西安等地的调研经验,对我国目前高速公路项目后评价工作中存在的问题作了细致剖析,并在此基础上提出几点建议。     

流态水泥粉煤灰轻质回填材料在高速公路中的应用

对流态水泥粉煤灰混合料的实施要求、反应机理、配合比情况及力学特性进行详解和分析。同时,对该混合料的搅拌、浇筑、养护及注意事项等方面进行了阐述。     

双电机电动助力转向系统在无人驾驶小型客车上的应用

介绍双电机电动助力转向系统的组成、功能,以及其在4m无人驾驶客车上的应用情况.     

钢壳沉管端钢壳三维姿态验收测量技术

在钢壳沉管隧道施工中,钢壳管节浇筑前后的验收主要是对端钢壳进行三维姿态测量,主要包括端钢壳面板(端面板)平整度、端钢壳横向垂直度(水平偏角)和竖向倾斜度(竖向偏角),目的是保证沉管精确地沉放安装。根据深中通道沉管隧道端钢壳施工验评标准,要求端钢壳总体测量精度达到mm级,难度较大。为满足测量精度,采用了一种钢壳沉管三维姿态测量技术,主要是利用高精度全站仪+全圆法观测软件+MATLAB数学软件对钢壳沉管端钢壳三维姿态进行测量并处理分析各项数据指标,评定端钢壳在钢壳管节浇筑前后的精度,同时能确保工序之间合理衔接。     

MODIFIED DISSECTION OF SUBPECTORAL SPACE FOR BETTER AESTHETICAL AUGMENTED BREAST

Objective To reconstruct an augmented breast that resembles a virginal one that is difficult to be achieved by the traditional technique. Methods We modified the dissection of the subpectoral space by extending it over the sternum edge 1cm medially and beyond the breast crease 2cm inferiorly, yet keeping strictly the upper border of the space on the third rib and the lateral border on the anterior axillary line. Results All 50 patients were satisfied with their augmented breasts which nearly resembled the virginal ones. Conclusion Our modified dissection enabled the mammary implant to stay in the position where it originally was and not be pushed upward and laterally by the pectoral muscle contraction as usually seen by the traditional technique.     

Effects of Dynamic Changes in Ultrasound Attenuation and Blood Perfusion on Lesion Formation of Multiple focus Pattern during Ultrasound Surgery

A nonlinear finite-element program was developed to simulate the dynamic evolution of coagulation in tissue considering temperature and thermal-dose dependence of the ultrasound attenuation and blood perfusion rate.The effects of these dynamic parameters on the lesion formation were investigated in the particular case of ultrasound hepatic ablation with bi-focus intensity pattern.The results of simulations were compared that incorporate dynamic changes of ultrasound attenuation and perfusion and results that neglect these effects.The result shows that thermal-dose-dependent ultrasound attenuation is the dominating factor in the full dynamic model.If the dynamic ultrasound attenuation is ignored, a relatively significant underestimation of the temperature rise appears in the focal plane and the region next to the focal plane, resulting in an underestimation in predicting diameter of coagulation.Higher heating intensity leads to greater underestimation.     

Predicting the Dielectric Strength of c-C4F8 and SF6 Gas Mixtures by Monte Carlo Method

An improved Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the motion of electrons in c-C_4F_8 and SF_6 gas mixtures for pulsed townsend discharge. The electron swarm parameters such as effective ionization coefficient, [AKα-] and drift velocity over the E/N range from 280～700 Td(1Td=10-21 V·m2) were calculated by employing a set of cross sections available in literature. From the variation cure of [AKα-] with SF_6 partial pressure p, the limiting field (E/N)_lim of gas mixture at different gas content was determined. It is found that the limiting field of c-C_4F_8 and SF_6 gas mixture is higher than that of pure SF_6 at any SF_6 mixture ratio. Simulation results show excellent agreement with experiment data available in previous literature.     

浅谈建筑施工企业工程造价控制的若干方法

对建筑施工企业而言,建设工程项目的成本直接关系到项目的成败,关系到建筑施工企业的发展,同时也是工程竞标的主要因素。阐述了建筑施工企业工程造价控制的一些做法,诸如:合理预测工程项目的成本,抓好工程实施阶段的成本控制和做好工程实施阶段实质性管理工作。由此实现施工管理效益最大化。     

聚苯胺复合导电纤维沥青混凝土的制备研究

纤维沥青混凝土在高速公路、机场跑道、桥梁铺装建设中得到了广泛应用.本文以自制的聚苯胺复合导技电纤维为导电相材料,制备了导电纤维沥青混凝土.介绍了聚苯胺复合导电纤维沥青混凝土目标配合比的设计和拌和方式确定过程.试验表明,可以选择SMA-16级配进行目标配合比设计;采用干拌法比湿拌法更有利于提高纤维的分散性;最佳沥青用量随纤维掺量的增加而增大,纤维掺量每增加0.2%,沥青用量增加0.12%;并提出了制备中需要注意的几个问题.     

山西禹门口黄河大桥实测风特性分析

自然风特性研究是桥梁抗风设计的基础,但是目前国内对大气湍流特性的现场观测研究工作开展得还极少,针对这一情况,结合山西省禹门口黄河公路大桥,在桥址处建立了一座60 m和两座30 m的风观测站.利用自行编制的程序对实测风速数据进行了分析,得到了平均风速和风向、风剖面、湍流强度和阵风因子等强风特性.分析结果表明:桥位处的风场比较复杂,风剖面属于山区风速剖面,不完全遵守幂指数分布;桥位处出现28.3 m/s大风机率很大,应进行主桥最大双悬臂状态抗风安全性能的风洞试验,以确保主桥悬臂施工期间的安全;还应进行长期观测,得到更多详实资料,为掌握同类地形处的风场特性提供资料.