基于公理设计的捷联导航系统设计方法

按照公理化设计原理,设计公理为设计者提供了一种设计指导框架。在此框架的指导下,大大降低了系统设计的复杂度,由此提高了系统的设计质量,缩短了系统的开发周期。本文应用公理化设计理论,采用结构模块化设计原则,对捷联式惯性导航系统的设计过程进行分析,给出了捷联式惯性导航系统的功能需求与设计参数间的映射与分解过程。结果表明,设计的分解过程是合理的,满足独立性公理。     

大圆筒人工岛围堰结构稳定性和筒底地基应力的有限元分析

通过三维弹塑性有限元分析结果得出考虑地基强度弱化效应时,沉入式大圆筒结构稳定性安全系数有所降低,但降低程度小于地基强度的弱化程度;施工期大圆筒围堰结构的变位模式主要为绕筒底附近某点发生转动变位,岛内侧的大圆筒底部地基应力大于岛外侧;正常使用期,结构的变位模式则主要为平动变位,岛内侧大圆筒底部地基应力也大于岛外侧,但地基应力分布相对比较均匀。     

高原人群出行拥挤感知与调适行为研究

为缓解高原城市节日期间部分路段人流过于密集的状况,对高原人群出行过程中的拥挤感知和调适行为进行研究。首先,在对高原人群高度自由走行速度、生理尺寸进行测定的基础上,采用连续人群流动模型分别对高原人群拥挤临界密度、人群运动速度减小时的人群密度和人群停滞状态时的最大密度进行测算,进而标定高原人群最大忍受密度为8.5人/m2。然后,选取雪顿节期间八廓南街人流短时间内高度聚集的状况进行拥挤状况评估,结果显示该路段人群密度为8.34人/m2,接近高原人群最大忍受密度,因此判定八廓南街存在拥挤事故风险。最后,依据基于层次分析法的高原人群拥挤感知影响因素分析结论,提出相应的调适行为措施,力求维护民族宗教节日期间高原城市公众正常的出行秩序。     

路基填筑引起水泥搅拌桩复合地基变形监测分析

针对目前水泥搅拌桩复合地基在路基填筑作用下变形特性研究不足的问题,依托我国海积软土地区某水泥搅拌桩加固铁路路基填筑施工案例,对水泥搅拌桩复合地基变形进行监测,分析路基填筑作用下水泥搅拌桩复合地基变形特性,并为路基填筑速率控制和水泥搅拌桩加固方案设计提供建议。研究结果表明:路基填筑作用下地基加固区压缩量占总沉降的56.1%,沉降速率最大为2.4 mm/d;素填土和淤泥层侧向变形显著,侧向变形速率最大为4.6 mm/d;路基坡脚7 m内、深度5 m以上地层受路基填筑施工扰动较大;坡脚侧向变形速率较地基沉降速率更接近于控制指标,填筑速率的控制应以控制坡脚侧向变形速率为主;本施工案例中水泥搅拌桩加固方案可满足各铁路类别的路基工后沉降的控制要求,类似工程中水泥搅拌桩设计应以控制路基填筑施工对邻近结构物的影响为主。     

基于离散-连续耦合的钢桥面铺装剪切模拟

层间剪切破坏是钢桥面铺装主要病害之一,为了对钢桥面铺装复合结构层间剪切行为进行研究,基于三维离散-连续耦合方法建立了钢桥面铺装复合结构仿真模型,分析得出30℃条件下钢桥面铺装层间剪切破坏行为的变化规律,分析剪切速率对钢桥面铺装层间剪切受力状态的影响。研究结果表明过高或过低的行车速度对钢桥面铺装层都不利。对比分析离散-连续模型与离散元模型模拟结果发现,离散-连续模型计算结果更加符合实际情况。     

Geometric calibration algorithm of polarization camera using planar patterns

Polarization pattern provides additional information besides spectral signatures. It can be used in many applications, such as navigation, defect detection and object identification. A novel polarization camera composed of four synchronized cameras is proposed, and it can realize real-time polarization measurement. This study particularly concentrates on the geometric calibration of the system. The projection model is analyzed and the multi-camera calibration algorithm is proposed. Firstly, each camera is calibrated separately using planar patterns, and then the geometric calibration algorithms are performed. Due to the geometrical constraint, a global optimization method results in smaller estimation uncertainties. A mean rotation error of 0.025° and a mean translation error of 0.26mm are achieved after geometric calibration. The images are rectified to establish a correspondence among cameras and are combined to acquire the polarization measurement. The polarization pattern of the skylight is measured by the system and the results are consistent with the previous studies.     

Research of legal affair simulation based on Petri net

Legal affair simulation is on the basis of information technology, and can simulate legal scene. College students do legal experiments with virtual reality scene. This helps to train college students. Petri net has not only strict math definition to analyze the dynamic behavior of models, but also intuitive graphic expression. Petri net is used to model for legal process. Reduction rules of Petri net are used to analyze the correctness of the system. At last Java Business Process Management (JBPM) technology is used to realize legal affair simulation models, models are transformed into flow charts. Simulation software deduces processes of legal affair. Many college students have improved their ability with the software, the fact proves that the method is effective.     

Compensation of pressure enthalpy effects on temperature fields for throttling of high-pressure real gas

For the pressure enthalpy of high pressure pneumatics, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation based on ideal gas assumption fails to obtain the real temperature information. Therefore, we propose a method to compensate the pressure enthalpy of throttling for CFD simulation based on ideal gas assumption. Firstly, the pressure enthalpy is calculated for the pressure range of 0.101 to 30 MPa and the temperature range of 190 to 298 K based on Soave-Redlich-Kwong (S-R-K) equation. Then, a polynomial fitting equation is applied to practical application in the above mentioned range. The basic idea of the compensation method is to convert the pressure enthalpy difference between inlet air and nodes into the compensation temperature. In the above temperature and pressure range, the compensated temperature is close to the real one, and the relative temperature drop error is below 10%. This error is mainly caused by the velocity difference of the orifice between the real and ideal gas models. Finally, this compensation method performs an icing analysis for practical high pressure slide pilot valve.     

Calculation of strain amplification matrix for strain invariant failure theory based on representative volume element models with periodical boundary condition

Strain invariant failure theory (SIFT) is a micro-mechanics-based failure theory for multi-scale failure analysis of composite materials originally proposed by Gosse and Christensen. In this paper, the approach for obtaining strain amplification matrix which is a key step for the execution of SIFT is improved by adopting representative volume element (RVE) finite element models considering periodical boundary condition, based on which more actual deformation mode is reflected. The deformation modes and strain data at the characteristic points of the centroid cell of multi-cell RVE model are analyzed and taken as a reference. It can be concluded that more reasonable deformation mode and relationship between the micro-mechanical and macro-mechanical strain states are obtained by employing the new model. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the determination of strain amplification factors within the RVEs considering periodical boundary condition at the characteristic points.     

国内公共汽电车客运车站发展现状及问题分析

为了提出我国城市公共汽电车客运车站的发展建议,为制定我国城市公共汽电车客运车站的相关标准奠定研究基础,从而促进我国城市公共汽电车客运车站服务水平的提升。本文总结了当前我国城市公共汽电车客运车站在规模、位置设置、通行能力、受其他交通方式影响以及车站设施等5个方面所存在的问题,分析了由于定制公交、互联网大巴线路和新能源公交车辆发展对我国城市公共汽电车客运车站发展带来的新需求,进而提出了对于我国城市公共汽电车客运车站发展的两点建议,包括完善城市公共汽电车客运车站标准和明确车站建设与维护机制。