水上飞机与船舶碰撞风险因素建模

我国民用水上飞机产业正处于起步阶段,保障水上飞机的航行安全是十分重要的.结合水上飞机水面滑行及起降过程的动态特点,运用人机工程理论,识别了水上飞机与船舶的碰撞风险因素,确定了各因素之间的相互关系及其影响程度;通过集成决策实验室分析法和解释结构模型法(DEMATEL-ISM)计算得出各碰撞风险因素的中心度和原因度,确定了各因素的重要程度,明确了各因素中原因因素和结果因素的归属;构建了四层次的水上飞机与船舶碰撞风险因素多级递阶结构模型.此研究为该类事故的分析、预防及水上交通安全管理提供了方法和依据.     

Optimal subwork zone operational strategy for short‐term work zone projects in four‐lane two‐way freeways

Roadside trees in Singapore are regularly trimmed for the purpose of traffic safety and roadside tree‐trimming project is one typical type of short‐term work zone projects. To implement such a short‐term work zone project, contractors usually divide an entire work zone into multiple subwork zones with the uniform length. This paper aims to determine an optimal subwork zone strategy for the short‐term work zone projects in four‐lane two‐way freeways with time window and uniform subwork zone length constraints. The deterministic queuing model is employed to estimate total user delay caused by the work zone project by taking into account variable traffic speeds. Based on the user delay estimations, this paper proceeds to build a minimization model subject to time window and uniform length constraints for the optimal subwork zone strategy problem. This paper also presents a variation of the minimization model to examine the impact of unequal subwork zone length constraint. Since these minimization models belong to the mixed‐integer non‐differentiable optimization problems, an iterative algorithm embedding with the genetic simulated annealing method is thus proposed to solve these models. Finally, a numerical example is carried out to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed models. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

物流配送的動態服務區域規劃系統架構

物流業中執行各種類型服務業務,在固定服務區域範圍來指派車輛,實施規劃合理的搬運工作;但無法確實要求搬運服務者,依事前規劃之排程及一些臨時性緊急性任務變動逐一實施服務,主要因為無法對已離場車輛實施即時掌控,導致離場車輛的任務指派、插入、刪除、變更等的調度工作增加許多複雜因素。論文架構針對：①離場車輛彈性調度的運用層面上,導入動態服務區域的規劃,使用排程演算配送順序,調整日單位車輛數及總車行距離;②利用FRID大量收集即時資料及GPS定位功能,掌握各服務區域內之搬運服務者的作業負擔量,同時對各服務區域內之車輛需求進行重新規劃;③運用即時電子看板（E-KANBAN）指派集結與新運送路徑,計算各車的運送距離並逐步整合服務區域,令各車的調度指派彈性增加。論文架構以3G無線網路實踐雙向通信的功能,透過電子看板傳遞與接收即時車載運送物品資信,擴大車控中心機能,操作排程及服務區域的動態規劃,逐步修正配送作業流程,達成車輛使用率遞減,降低運輸成本。     

填料模拟对空腹式无铰拱温度效应的影响分析

采用有限元软件Midas建立拱圈模型(M1)和拱圈-拱上结构联合作用模型(M2),对空腹式无铰拱桥进行仿真模拟,引入联合作用系数K,对比分析2种结构状态下主拱的温度响应.分析结果显示:拱上填料约束了拱桥的变形,改善了应力分布,提高了拱圈的稳定性;温度工况下,拱圈-拱上结构的联合作用效应显著.