高速公路通信系统的发展规划与思考

高速公路通信系统是高速公路的重要组成部分,可为道路的安全运行、高效运输、科学管理、优质服务提供可靠、快速的信息传输手段．最大限度地发挥高速公路安全、畅通、经济、便捷、舒适的特点,从而确保高速公路获得最佳的规模效益和社会效益．故应科学合理地利用高速公路的通信资源,以在实现国家高速公路网规划的同时,也形成一个具有规模的通信系统。     

基于多目标模糊决策的公路客运枢纽评价方法

在公路客运枢纽方案评价过程中,涉及大量不确定因素和模糊因素。为协调这些因素,并降低人为因素的影响,采用二元对比重要性排序采确定各因素的权重,将备选方案与理想方案的几何偏差作为选优依据,为科学合理地的选择公路客运枢纽提供一种定量的方法,最后给出实例说明方法的实用性。     

无线Ad-Hoc网络密钥分发和认证机制研究

针对Ad Hoc网络没有管理中心,资源受限等特点,解决了Ad-Hoc网络面临的新的安全问题,使Ad-Hoc网络得到更广泛的应用.结合基于身份加密和门限秘密共享两个基本理论,提出了一个适用于Ad-Hoc网络、没有管理中心的分布式密钥分发和认证方案.其优点是:减少了运算量,节省了存储空间和带宽,并无需在网络形成之前假设密钥已经分发完毕,从而有效解决了Ad-Hoc网络安全中密钥管理的问题.     

仿生水草垫在航道整治护滩工程中的应用

针对三峡水库蓄水后,来沙量大幅减少的实际情况,在长江中游荆江窑监河段新河口边滩护滩工程缓流区,开展了仿柔性植被水草垫促淤结构现场试验,取得了较好的工程效果。对水草垫促淤结构的设计思路、构件设计、促淤机理和施工工艺进行阐述,并对工程效果进行分析。该结构丰富了航道整治工程促淤结构形式。     

A Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy with multiclass network equilibria

This paper extends the work on Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy for general road networks by considering heterogeneous users with different values of time. Mathematical programming models are proposed to find a multiclass Pareto-improving pure road space rationing scheme (MPI-PR) and multiclass hybrid rationing and pricing schemes (MHPI and MHPI-S). A numerical example with a multimodal network is provided for comparing both the efficiency and equity of the three proposed policies. We discover that MHPI-S can achieve the largest reduction in total system delay, MHPI can induce the least spatial inequity and MHPI-S is a progressive policy which is appealing to policy makers. Furthermore, numerical results reveal that different classes of users react differently to the same hybrid policies and multiclass Pareto-improving hybrid schemes yield less delay reduction when compared to their single-class counterparts.     

Shaping the Coast with Permits: Making the State Regulatory Permitting Process Transparent with Text Mining

This paper examines the California Coastal Commission's permitting process. Using several text mining techniques, including web scraping, information extraction, and supervised classification, I demonstrate how to retrieve empirical data from unstructured texts, namely public meeting agendas and staff reports. Contrary to the concern that the Commission routinely delays or rejects permitting requests, the data reveal that outright rejection of permit applications is rare. On average, eight of ten applications were approved. Single-family homes and commercial development projects were approved about 80% of the time; the rates were about 70% for seawalls and retaining walls, and 60% for land-use changes. Most applications were processed swiftly, with a median application length of 3 months. The agency's influence comes primarily from negotiating each application. Qualitative study of 50 cases pertaining to single-family home construction reveals that the agency adopts a “managed development” approach, that is, allowing development but scrupulously managing various aspects of development. These case studies illustrate how the agency interprets the broad, abstract state laws and translates the mandates into enforceable actions as permitting conditions. In areas where the state mandates conflict, particularly over development in receding shorelines, the agency has the largest leverage in creating and implementing its preferred policies. The text mining techniques demonstrated in this paper can be applied to study any governmental agency. These techniques help to extract information from a massive volume of papers and organize them into a database for analyses. The empirical data extracted from texts can significantly increase bureaucratic transparency.     

隧道施工对建筑物影响的控制标准研究

文章在参考国内外相关文献与研究成果的基础上,总结了目前工程实践中使用的三种控制标准,即经验法、借鉴法和计算法,分析了它们存在的主要问题,并提出了制定控制标准的动态法及其应用流程,以期为隧道施工对建筑物影响的控制标准制定,提供具有可参考性和可操作性的方法与步骤。     

一种新型管道机械接头密封分析

随着海洋石油事业的发展,尤其是在役多年的石油平台工艺管道长时间受腐蚀介质和海洋环境的影响容易发生泄漏,传统的管道焊接技术由于需要动火作业,在已投产的石油平台管道维修方面受油气易燃易爆等各种因素的制约,不适应海洋平台管道维修快速、环保、经济等新要求。文中利用ANSYS有限元软件对传统机械接头的结构进行优化分析,开发出一种新型管道机械连接接头。此种接头具有耐高压、耐腐蚀、节能、安全、安装快捷等显著优点,特别适用于海洋石油平台工艺管道的快速维修。着重分析了新型管道机械接头的基本结构、连接机理及影响其密封性能的主要因素,分析结果显示此种连接可靠。     

基于BP人工神经网络的滑坡预测分析

文章以汶川地震引发的滑坡为研究对象,以震中距、地震烈度、坡度、前缘高程、坡高和岩性等影响坡体稳定性的因素为切入点,利用BP人工神经网络对实际坡体的稳定性进行了预测分析。结果表明,BP人工神经网络方法能有效预测坡体的稳定情况。     

养护施工总承包模式下业主与承包商的博弈分析

文章以博弈论为理论基础,分析了养护施工总承包模式下业主与总承包商的博弈关系,提出了引导双方采用合理的策略以获得最大利益及保证工程产品达到较高质量水平的博弈对策,为养护施工总承包工程的管理和施工提供方法借鉴。