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301.
Research on the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
China’s coastal waters are turbid and the properties of the seabed are complex. This negatively impacts the performance of underwater detection equipment. The properties of sound absorption in turbid water are not well understood. In this paper, the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water was measured by the reverberation technique. All work was done in a reverberation barrel made of seamless aluminum. First, pure water was poured into the reverberation barrel and its reverberation time measured. Next, various concentrations of turbid water were poured into the barrel and their reverberation time measured. After all data had been gathered, the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water of different concentrations was calculated. From this we determined a law of sound absorption in turbid water as summarized in the paper. 相似文献
302.
“Today, the idea of allowing aircraft pilots to operate as they see fit, without any control from the land, is unthinkable. Will the same things apply to ships in twenty to thirty years’ time?”Current maritime pilotage regimes are clearly seen in some quarters as too restrictive and old fashioned. Change is “in the air” and VTS, pilotage, and the relationship between them cannot be immune to it. Subject to the attainment of the appropriate standards by both ships and their crews there is no practical reason why more flexible Vessel Traffic Management cannot be introduced. The required technology is largely available and, with the introduction of AIS, the required dynamic data can be available. Technical problems foreseen are believed capable of solution. The more significant obstacles to implementation are, therefore, largely political, commercial, organisational, and cultural. These issues are discussed in this paper taking into account the viewpoints of major stakeholders. 相似文献
303.
Several algorithms were proposed relating to the development of a framework of the perturbation-based stochastic finite element
method (PSFEM) for large variation nonlinear dynamic problems. For this purpose, algorithms and a framework related to SFEM
based on the stochastic virtual work principle were studied. To prove the validity and practicality of the algorithms and
framework, numerical examples for nonlinear dynamic problems with large variations were calculated and compared with the Monte-Carlo
Simulation method. This comparison shows that the proposed approaches are accurate and effective for the nonlinear dynamic
analysis of structures with random parameters. 相似文献
304.
用蔗糖-间隙法研究了Zn~(2+)对兔离体颈上交感神经节的作用。Zn~(2+)对神经节动作电位产生浓度依赖性抑制作用,IC_(50)为1.48mmol/l。其作用在高〔Ca~(2+)〕溶液中减弱,在低〔Ca~(2+)〕溶液中加强。新斯的明、L—半胱氨酸能拮抗Zn~(2+)的抑制作用。Zn~(2+)对神经节N波也产生浓度依赖性抑制作用,对P波抑制作用很弱,对LN波无明显影响。 相似文献
305.
本文用一种新的高效壳体单元离散预应力混凝土箱梁,在较稀的网格划分下,考虑与时间无关的非线性因素,分析了预应力混凝土箱梁的结构行为。所涉及的非线性特性有:混凝土材料的正交各向异性本构;由混凝土开裂或压碎及钢筋屈服所引起的非线性。还考虑了混凝土开裂后的软化性质,计算结果与实验梁的量测值吻合较好。 相似文献
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309.
Gopindra Sivakumar Nair Sebastian Astroza Chandra R. Bhat Sara Khoeini Ram M. Pendyala 《Transportation》2018,45(6):1623-1637
Surveys of behavior could benefit from information about people’s relative ranking of choice alternatives. Rank ordered data are often collected in stated preference surveys where respondents are asked to rank hypothetical alternatives (rather than choose a single alternative) to better understand their relative preferences. Despite the widespread interest in collecting data on and modeling people’s preferences for choice alternatives, rank-ordered data are rarely collected in travel surveys and very little progress has been made in the ability to rigorously model such data and obtain reliable parameter estimates. This paper presents a rank ordered probit modeling approach that overcomes limitations associated with prior approaches in analyzing rank ordered data. The efficacy of the rank ordered probit modeling methodology is demonstrated through an application of the model to understand preferences for alternative configurations of autonomous vehicles (AV) using the 2015 Puget Sound Regional Travel Study survey data set. The methodology offers behaviorally intuitive model results with a variety of socio-economic and demographic characteristics, including age, gender, household income, education, employment and household structure, significantly influencing preference for alternative configurations of AV adoption, ownership, and shared usage. The ability to estimate rank ordered probit models offers a pathway for better utilizing rank ordered data to understand preferences and recognize that choices may not be absolute in many instances. 相似文献
310.
Raza Ali Mehdi Jens-Uwe Schröder-Hinrichs Jeroen van Overloop Henrik Nilsson Jonas Pålsson 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2018,17(3):397-434
The continued growth and evolution of the offshore wind industry, and the emergence of other novel marine uses such as wave and tidal generators, have upped the ante for spatial planners, as well as consenting and approval authorities in various coastal states. These stakeholders rely on processes such as navigational risk assessments (NRAs) to balance safety and efficiency requirements and to make optimal decisions over use of space. Given the increasingly complex and crowded seascape, however, there are some apprehensions about potential shortcomings in these NRA processes. There is also some concern that these inadequacies may lead to unsafe or inefficient marine spatial use. To understand how NRA processes can be improved further, a literature review is conducted, followed by a survey of respondents who are involved in the planning, consenting and/or approval of offshore wind farms across seven different countries. A summary of the NRA processes in these seven countries is presented, and several shortcomings are identified. Based on the findings of the survey, a list of recommendations is presented to enhance existing NRA processes—and to improve the coexistence of shipping and offshore wind farms (OWFs). 相似文献