空气弹簧的刚度及阻尼特性研究

介绍了空气弹簧的热力学特性,对空气弹簧的垂直刚度特性和阻尼特性进行了分析。结果表明:空气弹簧的刚度不仅与其静平衡位置时的压力和容积有关,还与其有效面积变化率和体积变化率有关。空气弹簧的阻尼特性与空气弹簧本身结构有关,同时还受外界激扰频率及振幅的影响。当外界激扰条件发生变化,空气弹簧系统的阻尼特性也将随之改变。     

货车转向架悬挂参数与运行性能研究

简要阐述了货车转向架的简化抗弯、抗剪、抗菱参数的概念,分析了其对车辆直线横向稳定性和曲线通过性能的影响。给出了H型构架式、三大件式转向架和径向转向架的简化抗弯、抗剪、抗菱刚度的计算公式。以此为基础,分析了我国货车转向架的发展与运用概况。最后提出了对货车转向架研制和进一步发展的建议。     

制动梁滚子轴裂纹的原因分析及对策

分析了货车制动梁滚子轴的裂纹情况及产生原因，提出了改进措施。     

板式轨道弹性垫层CA砂浆的研究

研究了板式轨道弹性垫层CA砂浆的基本配合比,分析了CA砂浆的流动度、含气量等性能影响因素,开发出适合板式轨道施工的CA砂浆垫层,对其性能进行了对比测试。结果表明,此种CA砂浆垫层具有早期强度高、不泌水、不分层,抗冻融性及耐候性能优异等特点,完全能用于板式轨道的施工。     

Course-keeping control of underactuated hovercraft

The course-keeping control of underactuated hovercraft with two aft propellers was considered. The control of the heading error and cross-track error was accomplished by the yaw torque merely in this case. The hovercraft dynamic model is nonlinear and underactuated. At first the Controllability of course-keeping control for hovercraft was proved, then a course-keeping control law was derived that keeps hovercraft heading constant as well as minimizes the lateral movement of hovercraft. The proposed law guarantees heading error and sway error all converge to zero exponentially. Simulation tests were carried out to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law. For further research, the disturbance influence would be considered in the dynamic equations.     

Special requirements for alumina ceramic of ESG electrode bowl

At present ESG (Electrostatic Suspended Gyro) is the most precise inertia element in the world. The electrode bowl, which has direct effect on the precision of ESG, is a key part to ESG. Through the analysis of the function and characteristic of the electrode bowl in hollow rotor ESG and the present situation of new material development in the world, the alumina ceramic is regarded as the best material for the electrode bowl of hollow rotor ESG. By analyzing the present situation of alumina ceramic in the world, main technique requirements have been put forward for the alumina ceramic of ESG electrode bowl which is also fit for solid rotor ESG.     

From privilege to peril

This article addresses the growing concern over the diminishing legal rights and increasing responsibilities of those in command of ships today. A number of high-profile maritime accidents have focussed on the dilemma faced by shipmasters who appear to be held responsible for actions over which they have little or no control. This seems to indicate that the traditional privilege and honour associated with command appears to have become a risky burden. The article discusses the legal rights and responsibilities that shipmasters have today in terms of international maritime law and policy. Four case studies are utilized to illustrate the problem.     

Asymptotic field of mode Ⅱ dynamic growing crack in visco-elastic material

A mechanical model of visco-elastic material is established in order to investigate viscous effect in dynamic growing crack-tip field of mode Ⅱ. It is shown that in stable creep growing phase, elastic deformation and viscous deformation are equally dominant in the near-tip field, the stress and strain have the same singularity, namely, (σε) ∝r^-1/(n-1). The asymptotic solutions of separatied variables of stress, stain and displacement in crack-tip field are obtained by asymptotic analysis, and the results of numerical value of stress and strain in crack-tip field are obtained by shooting method. Through numerical calculation, it is shown that the near-tip fields are mainly governed by the creep exponent n and Mach number M. By the asymptotic analysis to the crack-tip field, the fracture criterion of mode Ⅱ dynamic growing crack of visco-elastic materials is put forward from the point of view of strain.     

The stabilization control of underactuated surface vessels

The problem of stabilization control of underactuated surface vessels with two independent control inputs is in vestigated inthis paper. Through transformation, a cascade property of the system is revealed. And the original nonlinear system could be divided into two subsystems: a linear subsystem and a nonlinear subsystem. The stabilization laws are derived for the two subsystems separately. A smooth time - varying feedback stabilization law with exponentially convergence rate is obtained. The proposed stabilization law guarantees all the system states converge to the equilibrium exponentially. The aim of stabilization control of underactuated surface vessels is achieved. At last, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by simulation tests.